Exam 1 Meds Flashcards
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“ACE”
Class: Non-opioid analgesic, antipyretic
Action: Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in the CNS
Use: Pain relief, fever reduction
Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity (in overdose), nausea, rash
ACE: Analgesic, Central action (CNS), Easy on inflammation.
“ace the fever and pain, but don’t expect it to handle swelling”
Phenobarbital
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Phen”
Class: Barbiturate, anticonvulsant
Action: Enhances GABA activity, depressing CNS
Use: Seizure control, sedation, insomnia
Side Effects: Drowsiness, dependence, respiratory depression
Phen: Prolongs sleep, Enhances GABA.
“barbs down for sleep and stopping seizures”
Temazepam (Restoril)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Tame”
Class: Benzodiazepine
Action: Enhances GABA effects
Use: Short-term treatment of insomnia
Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, dependency
Tame anxiety and insomnia with GABA.
“Tame the night with Temazepam.”
Ramelteon (Rozerem)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Ram”
Class: Melatonin receptor agonist
Action: Mimics melatonin to regulate sleep-wake cycles
Use: Sleep onset insomnia
Side Effects: Dizziness, fatigue, hormonal changes
Ram: Regulates Alignment (circadian rhythm).
“Ram in that sleep pattern.”
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Flu”
Class: Benzodiazepine antagonist
Action: Blocks benzodiazepine effects on GABA receptors
Use: Reversal of benzodiazepine sedation/overdose
Side Effects: Seizures, nausea, dizziness
Flu: Fights Lethargy, Undo benzodiazepines.
“Flush out the sedation.”
Naloxone (Narcan)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Narc”
Class: Opioid antagonist
Action: Competitively binds to opioid receptors, reversing opioid effects
Use: Opioid overdose reversal
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, rapid opioid withdrawal
Narc: Neutralizes Addiction-related Risks.
“Narcs opioids out of the system fast.”
Orlistat (Xenical)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Orl”
Class: Lipase inhibitor
Action: Inhibits absorption of dietary fats
Use: Weight loss, obesity management
Side Effects: Oily stools, flatulence, abdominal pain
Orl: Oily Releases Lessen (fat absorption).
“Orl stops fats from sticking around.”
Methylphenidate Hydrochloride (Ritalin)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Meth”
Class: CNS stimulant
Action: Blocks reuptake of dopamine and norepinephrine
Use: ADHD, narcolepsy
Side Effects: Insomnia, appetite suppression, tachycardia
Meth: Mind-boosting, Elevates attention.
“Meth-yl wakes up the brain for focus.”
Phenytoin (Dilantin)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Ph”
Class: Antiepileptic
Action: Sodium channel blocker; stabilizes neurons
Use: Seizure control
Side Effects: Gingival hyperplasia, dizziness, drowsiness
Ph: Prevent Hyperactivity in neurons.
“Phenytoin fences off seizures.”
Diazepam (Valium)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Dia”
Class: Benzodiazepine
Action: Enhances GABA activity, CNS depressant
Use: Anxiety, seizures, muscle relaxation
Side Effects: Drowsiness, dependence, respiratory depression
Dia: Defuses Anxiety and seizures.
“Diaz dissolves worries and spasms.”
Midazolam (Versed)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Mid”
Class: Benzodiazepine
Action: Enhances GABA effects
Use: Sedation, anesthesia induction
Side Effects: Respiratory depression, drowsiness
Mid: Mind slowing for Sedation.
“Midazolam sends the mind to sleep.”
Valproic Acid (Depakote)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Val”
Class: Antiepileptic, mood stabilizer
Action: Increases GABA activity, calming effect.
Use: Seizures, bipolar disorder
Side Effects: Hepatotoxicity, weight gain, tremors
Val: Vanishes seizures by Amplifying GABA.
“Val pushes seizures away.”
Carbamazepine (Tegretol)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Car”
Class: Antiepileptic
Action: Sodium channel blocker
Use: Epilepsy/siezures, bipolar disorder
Side Effects: Dizziness, diplopia, blood dyscrasias
Car: Controls Abnormally active Routes in the brain.
“Carbamazepine drives seizures away.”
Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Gab”
Class: Antiepileptic, neuropathic pain agent
Action: effects calcium channels
Use: Seizures, neuropathic pain
Side Effects: Dizziness, fatigue, ataxia
Gab: General Alleviation of Burning pain.
“Gabapentin gates the pain.”
Selegiline (Eldepryl)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Sel”
Class: MAO-B inhibitor
Action: Inhibits dopamine breakdown
Use: Parkinson’s disease
Side Effects: Insomnia, dizziness, hypertensive crisis (with tyramine)
Sel: Slows down Dopamine destruction.
“Sel saves dopamine from disappearing.”
Levodopa-Carbidopa (Sinemet)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Levo”
Class: Dopaminergenic agent
Action: Increases dopamine in the brain
Use: Parkinson’s disease
Side Effects: Dyskinesia(erratic movement), orthostatic hypotension, nausea
Levo: Leads dopamine, Carbidopa catches the rest.
“Levo delivers dopamine, Carbi catches it.”
Entacapone (Comtan)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
Class: COMT inhibitor
Action: increases dopamine
Use: Parkinson’s disease
Side Effects: Diarrhea, dyskinesia (jerking), dizziness
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Risp”
Class: antipsychotic
Action: Blocks dopamine and serotonin receptors
Use: Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder
Side Effects: Weight gain, sedation, hyperglycemia
Risp: Reducing Irrational Symptoms of Psychosis.
“Risperidone rescues from psychosis.”
Phenelzine (Nardil)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Phen”
Class: Monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
Action: increases serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine
Use: Depression
Side Effects: Hypertensive crisis (with tyramine), dizziness, weight gain
Phen: Fights Depression by inhibiting MAO.
“Phenelzine frees up neurotransmitters.”
Sertraline (Zoloft)
Class:
Action:
Use:
Side Effects:
“Ser”
Class: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI)
Action: Inhibits serotonin reuptake, increasing serotonin levels in the brain
Use: Depression, anxiety, PTSD
Side Effects: Nausea, insomnia, sexual dysfunction
Ser: Stimulates Enhanced Reuptake inhibition of serotonin.
“Sertraline sends serotonin higher.”
Salmeterol
Class:
Action:
Use:
General Side Effects:
Class: Long-acting beta-adrenergic agonist (LABA)
Action: bronchodilation.
Use: asthma and COPD.
General Side Effects: Tremor, headache, palpitations, muscle cramps.
“SALesMAn” - Salmeterol, Asthma Long-term, Muscle Aches not short.
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Class:
Action:
Use:
General Side Effects:
Class: Beta-blocker
Action: Blocks beta-1 receptors, reducing heart rate and workload.
Use: Hypertension, angina, heart rhythm disorders.
General Side Effects: Fatigue, cold extremities, depression.
“A TEEN’s BOLd heart” - Atenolol for TEENs, Beta-blocker OLds down heart.
Metoprolol (Lopressor)
Class:
Action:
Use:
General Side Effects:
Class: Beta-blocker
Action: Blocks beta-1 receptors in the heart.
Use: Hypertension, angina, heart failure.
General Side Effects: Dizziness, low blood pressure.
“METRO POLice controlling the heart” - METopROlol helps POLice (control) the heart.
Tamsulosin (Flomax)
Class:
Action:
Use:
General Side Effects:
Class: Alpha-1 blocker
Action: Blocks alpha-1 receptors in the prostate.
Use: Symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
General Side Effects: Dizziness, abnormal ejaculation.
“TAMpering with prostatic FLO” - TAMsulosin helps FLOw by tampering with prostate muscles.
