Chapter 12

Question 1

_________ are drugs that reduce nervousness, excitability, and irritability without causing sleep.

Answer 1

Sedatives

Question 2

____________ are drugs that calm and soothe the CNS. Low doses don not cause sleep, whereas high doses cause sleep.

Answer 2

Hypnotics

Question 3

Benzodiazepines mechanism of action:

Answer 3

CNS depressant

Question 4

Benzodiazepine indications for use:

Answer 4

Anxiety, insomnia, muscle spasms, seizures

Question 5

Benzodiazepines contraindications:

Answer 5

Allergic, narrow-angle glaucoma, pregnancy, COPD

Question 6

Benzodiazepine adverse effects:

Answer 6

Sedation, lightheaded, lethargy, respiratory depression.

Question 7

Common benzodiazepines:

Answer 7

Xanax, Ativan, Versed, Ambien, Klonopin

Question 8

Barbiturates mechanism of action:

Answer 8

CNS depressant

Question 9

Barbiturates indications for use:

Answer 9

Anesthesia, seizures, sedation, insomnia, anxiety

Question 10

Barbiturates contraindications:

Answer 10

Allergic, respiratory depression, pregnant

Question 11

Barbiturates adverse effects:

Answer 11

Sedation, drowsiness, cognitive impairment, respiratory depression, hypotension, bradycardia, N/V

Question 12

Common Barbiturates:

Answer 12

Phenobarbital, pentobarbital, secobarbital, amobarbital, butabarbital

Question 13

Muscle relaxants mechanism of action:

Answer 13

CNS depressant

Question 14

Muscle relaxants indication for use:

Answer 14

Musculoskeletal conditions, spasms, low back strain

Question 15

Muscle relaxants contraindications:

Answer 15

Allergic, renal impairment

Question 16

Muscle relaxants adverse effects:

Answer 16

Euphoria, lightheaded, dizziness, drowsiness, confusion, weakness.

Question 17

Common Muscle relaxants:

Answer 17

Flexeril, lioresal, zanaflex, robaxin, soma, Valium

Question 18

What should patients be taught about grapefruit and grapefruit juice and benzodiazepines?

Answer 18

It decreases drug metabolism, resulting in prolonged effect and possible toxicity.