Exam 1 Material Flashcards
In the words of Sir William Gladstone…
“Show me the manner in which a nation cares for its dead, and I will calculate with mathematical exactness the tender mercies of its people their loyalty to high ideals and their regard for the laws of the land”
Dynamics of Grief Counseling
“We have funerals everyday, the families we serve… Don’t”
____ is the scientific study of human behavior
Psychology
____ is the study of human behavior as related to funeral service
Funeral Service Psychology
____ is the “experience” of the emotion of grief… a “state” of deprivation of something valuable
Bereavement
____ is an adjustment “process” which involves grief and/or sorrow over a period of time and helps in the “reorganization” of the life of an individual following a loss or death of someone loved.
Mourning
___ is the “emotion” or “set of emotions” due to a loss
Grief
____ the study of death
Thanatology
____ an irrational, exaggerated fear of death
Thanatophobia
Counseling as defined by ____: advice, especially that given as a result of consultation
Webster
Counseling as defined by ____: anytime someone helps someone else with a problem
Edgar Jackson
Counseling as defined by ____: good communication within and between men, or good (free) communication within or between men is always therapeutic
Carl Rogers
A ____ is an individual who provides assistance and guidance
Counselor
DO NOT CONFUSE COUNSELING WITH PSYCHOTHERAPY… A TREATMENT OF MENTAL OR EMOTIONAL DISORDERS!
The ____ is to confirm reality
Needs of the Bereaved
The opportunity to receive and express love; to show respect for the family, friends and the deceased; to provide an opportunity to express grief; to provide for a face to face confrontation with death to confirm the reality that death has occurred; to gain emotional support through the sharing “joy expressed is joy increased, grief shared is grief diminished.”; theological, psychological and social needs of those who mourn are nourished; provides an opportunity for farewell through ritual; provides a dramatic presentation of the fact that a life has been lived by reflecting upon memories of the deceased; helps establish emotional stability through a social support network; and establishes a socially accepted climate for mourning and expression of feelings are all the ____ and ____ of funeral rites
Purposes and Values
“The Symptomatology and Management of Acute Grief (1944) he introduced the grief syndrome, his empirical evidence discovered patterns of behaviors. These are known as theories of grief by ____
Eric Lindemann
Somatic or bodily distress of some type, preoccupation with the image of the deceased, guilt relating to the deceased or circumstances of the death, hostile reactions, and inability to function as before the loss are some of the grief syndrome theories of ____ paper.
Eric Lindemann’s
Came up with the attachment theory “Port Loss Grief”
John Bowlby
Attachments come from a need for security and safety, situations that endanger the bond of attachment give rise to emotional reactions, the greater the potential for loss the more intense the reaction are some of theories of ____
John Bowlby
Came up with the 5 stages of death
Elizabeth Kubler-Ross
Based on _____ interviews with dying patients these things tend to happen…
- Denial and isolation
- Anger
- Bargaining
- Depression
- Acceptance
"DABDA"
Elizabeth Kubler-Ross’s
____ came up with the “Four Tasks of Mourning”
- Accept the reality of the loss
- Work through the pain of Grief
- Adjust to an environment in which the deceased is missing
- Emotionally relocate the deceased and move on with life
William Worden
____ is responsible for the “Four Phases of Mourning”
- Period of Numbness
- Phase of yearning
- Phase of disorganization and despair
- Phase of reorganized behavior
C.M. Parks
Manifestations of Normal Grief…Disbelief, confusion, preoccupations with thoughts of the deceased, sense of presence, and hallucinations are ____ by William Worden
Cognitions
Manifestations of Normal Grief….Sleep disturbances, appetite disturbances, absentminded behavior social withdraw, dreams of the deceased, avoiding reminders of the deceased, searching and calling out, sighting, restless overactivity, visiting places or carrying object that remind the survivor of the deceased, treasuring objects that belonged to the deceased are ____ by William Worden
Behaviors
Manifestations of Normal Grief….Sadness (the most common feeling), anger, guilt and self reproach, anxiety, loneliness, fatigue, helplessness, shock, yearning, emancipation, relief, numbness are ____ by William Worden
Feelings
Manifestations of Normal Grief…Hollowness in the stomach, tightness in the chest, tightness in the throat, oversensitivity to noise, sense of depersonalization, feeling short of breath, weakness in the muscles, lack of energy and dry mouth are ____ by William Worden
Physical Sensations
____ wrote the early paper “Mourning and Melancholia” in 1917 which he pointed out that depression which he called “melancholia” was a pathological form of normal grief; he also came up with the concepts of “greif work” which implies that the mourner needs to take action
Sigmund Freud
- Who the person that died was
- Nature of the attachment: strength and security of the attachments, ambivalence (love/hate relationship) in the relationship, conflicts with the deceased, dependent relationship
- Mode of death: Natural (long or short duration), accidental, suicide, homicide. “NASH”
- Historical antecedents: previous losses and how these were grieved
- Personality variables: age and gender of the survivor, person’s coping style, attachment style, cognitive style, self esteem and self efficacy, person’s beliefs and values
- Social variables” support availability, support satisfaction, social role involvements, religious resources and ethnic expectations
are the ____ by William Worden - Concurrent Stresses
- Circumstantial factors influencing grief: involvement of hospice, use of a living will
Mediators of Mourning
___ the intense physical and emotional expression of grief occurring as the awareness increases of a loss of someone or something significant
Acute Grief
____ is blame directed toward another person
Anger
____ a term to describe the experience of grief, especially in young bereaved parents where mourning customs are unclear due to an inappropriate death and absence of prior bereavement experience; typical in a society that has attempted to minimize the impact of death through medical control of disease and social control of those who deal with the dying and the dead
Anomic Grief
____ a syndrome characterized by the presence of grief in anticipation of death or loss; the actual death comes as a confirmation of knowledge of a life-limiting condition
Anticipatory Grief
____ the tendency in human beings to make strong affectional bonds with others coming from the need for security and safety
Attachment Theory
____ is the act or event of separation or loss that results in the experience of grief
Bereavement
____ is grief extending over a long period of time without resolve
Complicated (unresolved, chronic) Grief
Webster’s definition of ____ is advice, especially that given as a result of consulation
Counseling
Jackson’s definition of ____ is any time someone helps someone else with a problem
Counseling
Roger’s Definition of ____ is good communication within and between people or good (free) communication between people is always therapeutic
Counseling
Ohlsen’s definition of ____ is a therapeutic experience for reasonably healthy persons.
Counseling
____ is the defense mechanism by which a person is unable or refuses to see things as they are because such facts are threatening to the self
Denial
____ is a defense mechanism in which anger is redirected toward a person or object other than the one who provided the anger originally
Displaced Aggression
____ the ability to enter into and share the feelings of others
Empathy
____ an emotional set of emotions due to a loss
Grief
____ is helping people facilitate uncomplicated grief to a healthy completion of the tasks of grieving or set of emotions due to a loss
Grief Counseling
____ is a set of symptoms associated with loss
Grief Syndrome
____ is a specialized techniques which are used to help people with complicated grief reactions
Grief Therapy
____ is a process occurring with loss, aimed at loosening the attachment to the dead for reinvestment in the living
Griefwork
____ is blame directed toward one’s self based on real or unreal conditions
Guilt
____, historically an inn for travelers, especially one kept by a religious order; also used to indicate a concept designed to treat patients with a life limiting condition
Hospice
____ (Jackson) is the intervention with people whose needs are so specific that usually they can only be met by specially trained physicians or psychologists; the practitioners in this field need special training because they often work with deeper levels of consciousness
Psychotherapy
____ the assumption of blame directed towards one self by others
Shame
____ guilt felt by family and friends after a death
Survivor’s Guilt
____ sincere feelings for the person who is trying to adjust to a serious loss
Sympathy
____ is the study of death
Thanatology
____ an irrational exaggerated fear of death
Thanatophobia
