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2025 - Intro to Surgery 737A > EXAM 1: Lecture 4 - General surgery etiquette / procedures > Flashcards

EXAM 1: Lecture 4 - General surgery etiquette / procedures Flashcards

1
Q

What are surgical staff barriers of infection

A

surgeon and ancillary staff

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2
Q

What are patient barriers of infection

A

draping and skin prep

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3
Q

What are environmental barriers of infection

A

surgical suite (OR) and equipment/instruments

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4
Q

what type of patient prep is there in small animal

A

no extra cleaning prior to inducing unless the animal is filthy

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5
Q

what are the benefits of bathing prior to surgery

A

it does reduce bacterial counts on skin

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6
Q

what are the disadvantages of bathing prior to surgery

A

liberates deeper bacteria through open pores, dries out skin, and hair must be dried prior to clipping

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7
Q

how can you prepare a horse for surgery

A

grooming and pick feet prior to induction

cover feet before starting skin prep

may clip/rough prep while standing

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8
Q

How do you prepare food animal for surgery

A

tie the tail, clip/prep, block

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9
Q

how do you prepare food animal for surgery in an OR

A

similar to horse

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10
Q

when is the initial prep and final prep for surgery done

A

clipping and initial prep should be done in prep/any other room than the OR

final prep is in OR

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11
Q

what is the purpose of initial prep for sx

A

remove grossly visible dirt, blood, etc

remove grease

clean skin

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11
Q

explain what you need to do when clipping a patient for prep

A
  1. sterilize/clean the clipper blades
  2. size 40 clippers gets closest to skin
  3. clip only at time of sx
  4. at least 20 cm on either side of surgical site
  5. vacuum hair
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11
Q

Why is the size of the clip for prep important??

A

because incisions often need to be extended

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12
Q

what are some special consideration for initial prep

A

hang the limb, preprep feet

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13
Q

do opthalamic/dentals require initial prep

A

no!

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14
Q

what are the rules of a sterile skin prep

A

person performing the scrub must have a cap and mask, NO lab coat, and sterile gloves

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15
Q

what is the technique of sterile skin prep

A

start from the site of the incision and move outward (DO NOT GO BACK IN TOWARDS INCISION), one 4x4 per scrub

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16
Q

what is the MOST important time of sterile skin prep

A

CONTACT TIME!!!

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17
Q

what is this image showing

A

sterile prep

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18
Q

how do you prep for optho sx

A

dilute povidone-iodine solution and never use chlorhex or alcohol

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19
Q

why should you never use chlorhex or alcohol for optho sx

A

it melts the cornea

20
Q

what is important to remember for draping

A

it is an effective bacterial barrier, lint free, tear resistant, sterile, effective fluid barrier, and breathable (if too its not effective, if not it can create bacterial growth)

21
Q

finish this statement in regards to draping material: “Higher thread count = ___1___ weave = __2__ barrier”

A
  1. tighter weave
  2. better barrier
22
Q

is cotton muslin a good draping material

A

it is inadequate microbial barrier when wet or dry

23
Q

when is prima cotton an inadequate barrier

A

when it is wet

24
Q

when is prima cotton an adequate barrier

A

it is adequate for skin shedding

25
Q

what is the disadvantages of fabric

A

there can be damage from punctures that disrupt barriers

26
Q

what are the types of disposable draping materials

A

cellulose, wood pulp, polyesters, synthetic polymers fibers bonded into sheets

27
Q

what MUST disposable draping materials have

A

must be reinforced with polyethylene or plastic film to be water resistance

28
Q

why do we cover all visible surfaces of the patient when draping

A

it prevents aerosolization from unprepared areas

29
Q

what is the drape out technique

A

when you drape the smallest area possible with enough room for your incision

30
Q

what is important to remember about draping quadrants and towel clamps

A

once a clamp has penetrated the drape, it is now contaminated

31
Q

T/F: When you are draping, you want all of the layers to be the same shape and same hole

A

true!

32
Q

What do we use to drape limbs

A

ioban and vetwrap

33
Q

list the steps in order for patient prep

A
  1. clip
  2. initial scrub
  3. move to OR
  4. sterile scrub
  5. drape
34
Q

how do you position the instrument table to reduce contamination

A

close to the surgeon if there is no assistant or close to the assistant

35
Q

T/F: anyone in the OR can walk between the table and the surgery site

A

FALSE!! Only sterile/scrubbed in people can

36
Q

can a non-scrubbed person extend their arm over a sterile field even if they do not touch anything?

A

no they cannot! It breaks the sterile field

37
Q

what is the typical layout of the SA surgical area

A

surgeon and assistant on opposite sides of the table, anesthesia by the head, and technician towards the back of the room

38
Q

for large animal, what are the limitations when positioning a patient

A

there are not a lot of options because the patient takes up the entire table, there must be a lot of padding

39
Q

what should you always ask before you start the procedure??

A

am i ok to cut anesthesia??

40
Q

are surgical assistants just for looks??

A

no!!! moral support, supervision

41
Q

what are the roles that an assistant has

A

organize the table, count gauze, count instruments, hand instruments, retract, hold, cut and run suture

42
Q

why do we need to count gauzes?

A

so you know if there is a missing gauze BEFORE closing

43
Q

T/F: You can use any type of gauze for abdominal procedures

A

false!! Must be radiopaque

44
Q

what type of scissors do you use to cut suture

A

suture or general purpose scissors, NOT mayo

45
Q

explain how running suture works

A

surgeon places the bite, surgeon gathers suture and then hands excess to assistant. Assistant then holds excess suture out of the way

46
Q

what are the general rules of writing a surgery report

A

accurate report of what occurred during the procedure, details are important (lengths, suture, and instruments), use proper medical terminology

47
Q

what are parts of a medical record

A
  1. how was animal anesthetized/restrained/positioned
  2. describe the prep and how it was prepped
  3. describe what area was prepared
  4. describe the approach
  5. describe the major findings
48
Q

T/F: in your medical record/report, you do not need to put all of the events in order as long as they are all in there

A

FALSE! They should be in the order of which they were completed

49
Q

what should you end your medical record/report with

A

how the animal recovered from anesthesia

2025 - Intro to Surgery 737A (19 decks)

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