EXAM 1: Lecture 1 - History of surgery Flashcards
what are the 7 milestones in the history of surgery
anatomy, bacteria, anesthesia, xrays, pathophysiology of surgical disease, perioperative care, minimally invasive surgery
who is the grandfather of comparative medicine
aristotle
what did aristotle do for anatomy
investigated the differences/similarities between species and was the first to describe the absence of a gallbladder in a horse
who is the father of human anatomy
Andreas Vesalius (1500s)
who first described treatment of wounds and hemorrhage
Ambroise Pare
Describe how Ambroise Pare treated wounds and hemorrhage
turpentine ointment was more effective than boiling oil for wounds
Controlled hemorrhage via ligation
Who basically came up with the entire concept of antisepsis
joseph lister (1800s)
How did joseph lister come up with antiseptic surgery
by using the concepts of Louis Pasteur
who was the first person to use anesthesia
William T.G. Morton
what did we do before anesthesia???
surgeons had to be FAST…the best surgeons were the fastest
what was a benefit of anesthesia
surgery could now be deliberate and meticulous
who discovered xrays
William Roentgen
when were xrays first discovered and when were they first medically used
discovered in 1895 and used in 1896
who discovered fluoroscopy and when
Thomas Edison in 1896
who discovered surgical pathophysiology
John Hunter (1700s)
what did John Hunter do with discovering surgical pathophysiology
Began using a scientific approach to medicine and surgery
When was the first Caesarian section performed
272 BC
What happened during the first C-section
mother died of poisoning
how did they improve C-sections
survival improved when the uterus was closed
Who came up with surgical technique
william halsted
what techniques did william halsted come up with and when
1900s. Came up with meticulous techniques, hemostasis, local anesthetics, and patient care
What are some of the recent advances of surgery
research in shock, trauma, wound healing, perioperative care, residency programs, better anesthesia/analgesia, advanced imaging, and minimally invasive surgery
