Exam 1 Lecture 2 Flashcards
Definition: Any Substance that brings about a change in biologic function through its chemical action.
Drug
Definition: Study of substances that interact w/living systems through chemical processes, especially by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes.
Pharmacology
Definition: Study of harmful effects of chemicals on humans, animals, or plants, including chemicals used as medicines or pesticides.
Toxicology
Definition: Describes how a drug produces its effect and sometimes the drug is classified by this means.
Mechanism of Action
Define: Pharmacokinetics.
What the body does to the drug
Define: Pharmacodynamics.
What the drug does to the body
What is used when considering the risk of the adverse effects produced by a drug in relation to its likely beneficial effects?
Risk-Benefit Ratio
What are the different consideration that must be taken into account for what the body does to a drug (Pharmacokinetics)?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination
What are Pharmacokinetic Parameters (Based on)?
Real measurements and often used in basic pharmacokinetic equations and help to determine the dosage regimen
- Bioavailability
- Volume of Distribution
- Drug Accumulation
- Clearance
- Elimination
Pharmacokinetics:
Name some of the aspects that determine access of a drug molecule to its site of action?
- Route of Administration
- Extent and rate of absorption
- Distribution of drugs in body compartments
- Effects of protein binding and tissue binding
- Rate of metabolism
- Rate of elimination (clearance) from the system
What is the primary site of drug metabolism?
Liver
What is First Pass Metabolism?
Absorption by GI tract, metabolism by liver and/or bowel
In absorption, What does First-pass effect reduce?
Bioavailability
First Pass Metabolism predominantly applies to drug administered in what way?
Orally
In absorption, First Pass Metabolism may limit efficacy if what?
Clearance by Liver is Large
