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Sophia's OS Stuff > Exam 1 Key Dates/Ideas/People > Flashcards

Exam 1 Key Dates/Ideas/People Flashcards

1
Q

Who was William G Anderson?

A

African American guy who was big in Civil Rights Mvnt; Associate dean of KCOM, AOA president 1994-1995 and on board of trustees for 20 yrs

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2
Q

When was the Flexner report?

A

1910

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3
Q

What do you see in alport syndrome?

A

deafness

kidney disease

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4
Q

What is dynamic flexibility?

A

ROM athlete can achieve at speed w/out external force

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5
Q

How can the pt be positioned for metacarpophalangeal joint SD ART and proximal and distal Interphangeal joing SD ART?

A

seated, standing, or supine

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6
Q

What is the pressure in ST techniques like in relation to MFR?

A

harder pressure in ST - also do repetitive and rhythmic while MFR is not

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7
Q

What is gun stock deformity?

A

lower arm comes in close to body

-15 degrees

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8
Q

What are relative contraindications of MFR?

A

infection of ST or bone
fracture, avulsion, or dislocation
metastatic disease
ST injuries: thermal, hematoma, open wound
Post-op pt w wound dehiscence
rheumatologic condition w/ instability of cervical spine
DVT or anticoagulation therapy

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9
Q

What is significant about uncompensatory pattern?

A

usually symptomatic

could indicate an injury

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10
Q

For thoracic prone pressure w/ counterpressure, which hand is on the opposite side?

A

pt prone
caudad hand on opposite side
cephalad hand on side closest to you

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11
Q

What are joint mobilization methods?

A 
direct
indirect
combined
physiological
exaggeration
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12
Q

What is SC ABduction?

A

scapular elevation mvt –> inferior mvt of SC joint

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13
Q

What are ST absolute contraindications?

A 
fracture or dislocation
neuro entrapment syndromes
vascular compromise
local malignancy or infection
bleeding disorder
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14
Q

What are the landmarks included in gravitational line?

A

external auditory canal
acromion
greater trochanter
anterior medial malleolus

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15
Q

What is newton’s third law?

A

When two bodies interact, the force exerted by
one is equal in magnitude and opposite in
direction to the forces exerted by the other.’

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16
Q

When did AT Still’s children die?

A

1864
2 from spinal meningitis
1 from pneumonia

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17
Q

From 2009-2010, how many DO schools had minority students?

A

40%

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18
Q

What is Sherrington’s Law?

A

When a muscle receives a nerve impulse to contract, its antagonists, simultaneously, receive an impulse to relax

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19
Q

Who was the first person to use eye movements as a form of MET? When?

A

TJ Ruddy, DO

Publishes Ruddy’s Rapid Rhythmic Resistive Duction in 1914

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20
Q

What is somatic dysfunction of the ulnohumeral joint usually?

A

primary

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21
Q

How is pt positioned for lumbar: paraspinal perpendicular stretch?

A

lateral recumbent w/ side to be treated facing up

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22
Q

What is the force of contraction in joint mobilization using muscle force?

A

maximal muscle contraction that can be resisted by physician

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23
Q

What is meningeal fascia?

A

surrounds nervous system

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24
Q

What is somatic dysfunction of the radioulnar joint?

A

secondary to something else

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25
Q

What is SC extension?

A

retract scapula back –> anterior glide of clavicle at SC joint

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26
Q

What is excessive cubitus valgus?

A

hand bent out too much, arm looks like an L

30 degrees

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27
Q

What is cubitus varus?

A

almost no angle to elbow; arm straight at side

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28
Q

What is isolytic lengthening used for?

A

lengthen a muscle shortened by contracture and fibrosis

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29
Q

What is a hard end feel usually indicative of?

A

somatic dysfunction

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30
Q

What systems do somatic dysfunctions have an effect on and is affected by those body systems?

A

nervous system
fluid dynamics
biomechanics
visceral

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31
Q

When did the flag of osteopathy fly?

A

June 22, 1874 at 10 am

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32
Q

What are the 5 models of osteopathic treatment?

A 
postural structural (biomechanical)
neurologic
bioenergy (metabolic)
respiratory - circulatory
behavioral
(organ systems can be considered as 6th possible)
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33
Q

Who was Ronald Blank, DO?

A

Surgeon General 1996-2000

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34
Q

What is SC ADduction?

A

shoulder depression –> superior SC joint motion

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35
Q

What was AMOPS and when was it founded?

A

Association of Military Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons

1977

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36
Q

When assessing the cervical region, at what location do you monitor for linkage of the thoracic spine?

A

btw transverse processes of C7 and T1 bilaterally

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37
Q

What is concentric isotonic contraction?

A

contraction of a muscle with approximation of origin and insertion
curl part of the biceps curl

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38
Q

When were DOs first drafted as medical officers?

A

1967

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39
Q

What is axial and appendicular fascia?

A

deep to pannicular fascia; surrounds all muscles

periosteum and peritendon

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40
Q

When did the American School of Osteopathy open?

A

1892

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41
Q

What is SC elevated/Adducted SD ART?

A

Pt supine w/ neck fully flexed resting against Dr’s chest
Dr puts thumb over sternal end of clavicle –> inferior pressure
inhale and exhale –> spring clavicle

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42
Q

When did the AMA label DOs a cult?

A

1922

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43
Q

What is wrist isotonic MET?

A

cross thumbs over palm
pt flexes and dr applies pressure w/ both thumbs in a lateral direction
physician lightens force slowly to allow pt to overcome physician’s force
2-3X until SD alleviated

44
Q

Who was the first female dean of a medical school, MD or DO?

A

Barbara Ross-Lee

Ohio U DO school

45
Q

What are the 4 fascial layers?

A

pannicular fascia
axial and appendicular fascia
meningeal fascia
visceral fascia

46
Q

Factors influencing muscle energy for doctor

A

don’t control joint position in relation to restriction
don’t provide counterforce in correct direction
don’t give accurate instructions
move to new joint position too soon after pt stops contracting

47
Q

Whose work laid foundation for MET to be taught at DO schools?

A

Fred Mitchell - 1959 Graduate Chicago
wrote abt MET as early as 1948, taught courses in 1950s-1960s
1970 taught course in Iowa to 6 ppl –> all became DO school faculty

48
Q

How is tissue release often felt?

A

warmth
softening
increased compliance/ROM

49
Q

What is the most common compensatory pattern?

A

L/R/L/R

80% of people have it

50
Q

What is post-isometric relaxation?

A

muscle contraction –> increased tension in golgi tendon organ –> inhibition of muscle contraction

51
Q

Who was the first flag officer DO in the medical corps? When did he accomplish this?

A

Louis H Eske

1983

52
Q

What is pannicular fascia?

A

Outermost layer of fascia derived from somatic
mesenchyme & surrounds entire body with
exception of the orifices
outer layer = adipose
inner layer = membranous and adherent to outer

53
Q

What are the transverse restrictors?

A

Tentorium cerebelli
Thoracic Inlet
Thoracolumbar Diaphragm
Pelvic Diaphragm

54
Q

What is a functional unit of the spine?

A

2 vertebrae, associated disc, neurovasculature, and other soft tissues

55
Q

SC Elevated/ADducted SD MET

A

pt supine w/ affected arm laying off table
arm extended and internally rotated
one hand on proximal clavicular head
pt instructed to raise are against dr’s hand toward ceiling, etc

56
Q

What are minor criteria of Ehler-Danlos?

A

Beighton score 1-3

a bunch of other things

57
Q

What are goals of ST?

A
  • stretch myofascial structures
  • improve tissue nutrition, oxygenation and removal of waste
  • return symmetry and normalize tone
  • set fascia free
  • normalize neuro activity
  • improve abnormal somato-somatic and somato-visceral reflexes
58
Q

What kind of contraction is required in isotonic procedures?

A

hard to maximal contraction

59
Q

What is an abrupt end feel usually indicative of?

A

osteoarthritis or hinge joint

60
Q

What is Hooke’s law?

A

“The strain (deformation) placed on an elastic
body is in proportion to the stress (force) placed
upon it.”

61
Q

What is hysteresis?

A

energy lost in a tissue btw loading and unloading

62
Q

When did Mamie Johnston Join KCU faculty? When did she retire?

A

1919

1981

63
Q

What is the acronym to remember for the radial head?

A

SAPP
Supination = Anterior proximal radial head
Pronation = Posterior proximal radial head

64
Q

What is isometric contraction?

A

contraction of muscle so there is no mvmt/change in muscle length

65
Q

What is SC Flexion?

A

move shoulder forward –> Posterior glide of clavicle at SC joint

66
Q

How is fascia analogous to a diety in the body?

A

omnipresent
omnipotent
omniscient

67
Q

What are major criteria of Ehler-Danlos?

A

Beighton score > 4

arthralgia for longer than 3 months or in 4 or more joints

68
Q

What are the absolute contraindications of MFR?

A

no pt consent

no somatic dysfunction

69
Q

What are absolute contraindications of MFR?

A

lack of pt consent

absence of Somatic dysfunction

70
Q

What is isolytic contraction?

A

non physiologic

attempted concentric contraction w/ external force causing separation of origin and insertion

71
Q

What are ST relative contraindications?

A

severe osteoporosis

acute injuries

72
Q

What is Menkes disease?

A

copper deficiency

see kinky hair, growth deficiency, deterioration of nervous system

73
Q

What do you see in osteogenesis imperfecta?

A

blue sclera, multiple fractures

74
Q

What are absolute contraindications of articulatory technique?

A 
fracture or dislocation
neuro entrapment syndromes
vascular compromise
local malignancy
local infection
bleeding disorders
75
Q

What is Wolff’s Law?

A 
• “Bone will develop according to
the under stresses placed upon
it.”
• This concept extends to fascia,
too.
76
Q

What are the transition zones of the spine?

A

OA, C1, C2
C7/T1
T12/L1
L5/Sacrum

77
Q

When was the cholera outbreak of london? Who traced the source?

A

1854

John Snow

78
Q

What is NOWPA? When was it founded?

A

National Osteopathic Women Physician Association
1988
Note: OWNA founded 1920s

79
Q

When is crossed extensor reflex used?

what is the force of contraction?

A

when muscles are so severely injured, they can’t be touched –> contract one flexor and contralateral flexor should relax and extensor contracts
ounces of pressure

80
Q

What kind of contraction is required in isometric procedures?

A

light to moderate

81
Q

When did Missouri grant DO licences?

A

1897

82
Q

What was AT Stills highest rank in the military?

When did he serve?

A

Major

1861-1864

83
Q

What is static flexibility?

A

max ROM a joint can achieve w/ an externally applied force

84
Q

What is the normal angle for ulnohumeral ADduction and ABduction?

A

5 degrees for both

85
Q

What is the force of contraction for reciprocal inhibition?

A

ounces, not pounds

86
Q

How does the physician move in figure 8 wrist articulation

A

repetitively until somatic dysfunction is alleviated (in figure 8 motion)

87
Q

What is INR?

A

Integrated Neuromuscular Release

88
Q

For evaluating or treating elbow adduction or abduction? how is the elbow bent?

A

flexed at 30 degree angle

89
Q

If you fall supine, what kind of somatic dysfunction occurs to the proximal radial head?

A

anterior radial head dysfunction

90
Q

What is visceral fascia?

A

Surrounds the body cavities (pleural,

pericardial & peritoneum

91
Q

If you fall prone, what kind of somatic disfunction usually happens to the proximal radial head?

A

posterior radial head SD

92
Q

What is the normal carrying angle of the elbow?

A

males: 5-10 degrees
females: 10-15 degrees

93
Q

Factors influencing muscle energy for pt

A

Contract too hard
contract in wrong direction
contract too short
dont relax properly

94
Q

Elbow extension somatic dysfunction MET/ART?

A

want to flex further

either MET or ART

95
Q

What is the counterforce like in isotonic procedures?

A

permits controlled motion

96
Q

What is the requirement for a diagnosis of Ehler Danlos?

A 
-- Two major criteria
–One major plus two minor criteria
–Four minor criteria
–Two minor criteria and unequivocally
affected first degree relative in family
history
97
Q

What is isokinetic strengthening?

A

let pt win

sustained gentle pressure (10-20 lbs)

98
Q

What is a crisp end feel usually indicative of?

A

Involuntary muscle guarding (pinched nerve)

99
Q

What is eccentric isotonic contraction?

A

contraction of a muscle w/ separation of origin and insertion
relaxation phase of a bicep curl

100
Q

What is the relative contraindication of articulatory technique?

A

vertebral artery compromise - avoid combo of rotation and extension in the c spine

101
Q

What are the motions of valgus testing?

A

ulnar abduction
wrist adduction
ulnar deviation

102
Q

What are the motions of varus testing?

A

ulnar adduction
wrist abduction
radial deviation

103
Q

What year did AT Still coin the term Osteopathy?

A

1885

104
Q

When were the first OS hospitals approved for internships?

A

1936

105
Q

When was there the first approval for osteopathic residencies?

A

1947

Sophia's OS Stuff (7 decks)

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