Exam 1 ingredients and use

Question 1

Water

Answer 1

solvent

Question 2

vegetable oil

Answer 2

solvent

Question 3

ethanol

Answer 3

co-solvent/ preservative

Question 4

glycerin

Answer 4

co-solvent; humectant (moisturizing agent)

Question 5

propylene glycol

Answer 5

co-solvent/ humectant

Question 6

acetic acid

Answer 6

buffer

Question 7

glycine

Answer 7

buffer

Question 8

phosphoric acid

Answer 8

buffer

Question 9

ampule sterility/ preservative content

Answer 9

must be sterile; no preservatives needed if a single dose

Question 10

multiple dose vials for injections

Answer 10

must be sterile; requires a preservative

Question 11

Ophthalmic solutions (eye drops)

Answer 11

must be sterile; preservative needed if multiple doses

Question 12

Oral liquids

Answer 12

Does not need to be sterile, but cannot contain pathogens (less than 100 organisms present per mL). Need preservative for multiple dose packages.

Question 13

Oral solids

Answer 13

should not contain pathogens

Question 14

benzyl alcohol

Answer 14

alcohol preservative with local anesthetic action; not used orally

Question 15

chlorobutanol

Answer 15

alcohol preservative; very volatile; not used orally

Question 16

benzoic acid

Answer 16

acid preservative in oral products

Question 17

sorbic acid

Answer 17

acid preservative in oral products

Question 18

propyl paraben

Answer 18

preservative for mold and yeast used orally

Question 19

butyl paraben

Answer 19

preservative for mold and yeast used orally

Question 20

methyl paraben

Answer 20

preservative for bacteria used orally

Question 21

ethyl paraben

Answer 21

preservative for bacteria used orally

Question 22

benzalkonium chloride (Zephirin)

Answer 22

quaternary ammonium preservative used in ophthalamics

Question 23

cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (Cepryn)

Answer 23

quaternary ammonium preservative used in ophthalamics

Question 24

Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA)

Answer 24

Free-radical scavenger (antioxidant)

Question 25

Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT)

Answer 25

Free-radical scavenger (antioxidant)

Question 26

Tocopherol

Answer 26

Free radical scavenger (antioxidant)

Question 27

Vitamin E

Answer 27

Free radical scavenger (antioxidant)

Question 28

Sodium Bisulfite

Answer 28

Reducing agent (antioxidant)

Question 29

Ascorbic acid

Answer 29

Reducing agent (antioxidant)

Question 30

Thiols

Answer 30

Reducing agent (antioxidant)

Question 31

citric acid (citrate)

Answer 31

buffer, chelating agent (removes metals), antioxidant

Question 32

EDTA

Answer 32

chelating agent (removes metals); antioxidant; preservative

Question 33

sorbitol solution

Answer 33

sweetener

Question 34

chlorpromazine

Answer 34

active ingredient

Question 35

sucrose

Answer 35

sweetener

Question 36

gelatin

Answer 36

emulsifying agent (polymer)

Question 37

charcoal

Answer 37

emulsifying agent for W/O emulsion

Question 38

cetyl alcohol

Answer 38

emulsifier and thickening agent

Question 39

menthol

Answer 39

active ingredient

Question 40

mineral oil

Answer 40

oil phase in emulsion

Question 41

polysorbate 60

Answer 41

emulsifier

Question 42

sodium lauryl sulfate

Answer 42

emulsifier

Question 43

stearyl alcohol

Answer 43

emulsifier, and thickening agent

Question 44

clay

Answer 44

flocculating agent

Question 45

bentonite magma

Answer 45

flocculating agent

Question 46

monobasic potassium phosphate

Answer 46

flocculating agent

Question 47

carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)

Answer 47

structured vehicle

Question 48

methylcellulose

Answer 48

Structured vehicle

Question 49

xanthan gum

Answer 49

structured vehicle

Question 50

magnesium aluminum silicate

Answer 50

structured vehicle; emulsifying agent

Question 51

polysorbate 80 (Tween 80)

Answer 51

wetting agent/ surfactant

Question 52

liquid petrolatum

Answer 52

used as oil phase in emulsion

Question 53

potassium sorbate

Answer 53

buffering agent; preservative