Exam 1 ingredients and use Flashcards

1
Q

Water

A

solvent

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2
Q

vegetable oil

A

solvent

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3
Q

ethanol

A

co-solvent/ preservative

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4
Q

glycerin

A

co-solvent; humectant (moisturizing agent)

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5
Q

propylene glycol

A

co-solvent/ humectant

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6
Q

acetic acid

A

buffer

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7
Q

glycine

A

buffer

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8
Q

phosphoric acid

A

buffer

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9
Q

ampule sterility/ preservative content

A

must be sterile; no preservatives needed if a single dose

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10
Q

multiple dose vials for injections

A

must be sterile; requires a preservative

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11
Q

Ophthalmic solutions (eye drops)

A

must be sterile; preservative needed if multiple doses

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12
Q

Oral liquids

A

Does not need to be sterile, but cannot contain pathogens (less than 100 organisms present per mL). Need preservative for multiple dose packages.

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13
Q

Oral solids

A

should not contain pathogens

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14
Q

benzyl alcohol

A

alcohol preservative with local anesthetic action; not used orally

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15
Q

chlorobutanol

A

alcohol preservative; very volatile; not used orally

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16
Q

benzoic acid

A

acid preservative in oral products

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17
Q

sorbic acid

A

acid preservative in oral products

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18
Q

propyl paraben

A

preservative for mold and yeast used orally

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19
Q

butyl paraben

A

preservative for mold and yeast used orally

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20
Q

methyl paraben

A

preservative for bacteria used orally

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21
Q

ethyl paraben

A

preservative for bacteria used orally

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22
Q

benzalkonium chloride (Zephirin)

A

quaternary ammonium preservative used in ophthalamics

23
Q

cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (Cepryn)

A

quaternary ammonium preservative used in ophthalamics

24
Q

Butylated Hydroxyanisole (BHA)

A

Free-radical scavenger (antioxidant)

25
Q

Butylated Hydroxytoluene (BHT)

A

Free-radical scavenger (antioxidant)

26
Q

Tocopherol

A

Free radical scavenger (antioxidant)

27
Q

Vitamin E

A

Free radical scavenger (antioxidant)

28
Q

Sodium Bisulfite

A

Reducing agent (antioxidant)

29
Q

Ascorbic acid

A

Reducing agent (antioxidant)

30
Q

Thiols

A

Reducing agent (antioxidant)

31
Q

citric acid (citrate)

A

buffer, chelating agent (removes metals), antioxidant

32
Q

EDTA

A

chelating agent (removes metals); antioxidant; preservative

33
Q

sorbitol solution

A

sweetener

34
Q

chlorpromazine

A

active ingredient

35
Q

sucrose

A

sweetener

36
Q

gelatin

A

emulsifying agent (polymer)

37
Q

charcoal

A

emulsifying agent for W/O emulsion

38
Q

cetyl alcohol

A

emulsifier and thickening agent

39
Q

menthol

A

active ingredient

40
Q

mineral oil

A

oil phase in emulsion

41
Q

polysorbate 60

A

emulsifier

42
Q

sodium lauryl sulfate

A

emulsifier

43
Q

stearyl alcohol

A

emulsifier, and thickening agent

44
Q

clay

A

flocculating agent

45
Q

bentonite magma

A

flocculating agent

46
Q

monobasic potassium phosphate

A

flocculating agent

47
Q

carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)

A

structured vehicle

48
Q

methylcellulose

A

Structured vehicle

49
Q

xanthan gum

A

structured vehicle

50
Q

magnesium aluminum silicate

A

structured vehicle; emulsifying agent

51
Q

polysorbate 80 (Tween 80)

A

wetting agent/ surfactant

52
Q

liquid petrolatum

A

used as oil phase in emulsion

53
Q

potassium sorbate

A

buffering agent; preservative