exam 1 health promotion and community nutrition Flashcards
communities
Collections of people with like characteristics
importance of community nutrition
Individuals are influenced by the community standards and norms.
Communities can change by promoting behavior change
Leaders must participate
Include community member essential for ownership of outcomes
culture and food
Culture is the way of life of a community at a given time and is a value and belief system that is learned from others (FAMILY).
acculturation
Newcomers to a community may adopt the community’s diet: assimilation
May depart from traditional diets due to:
Desire to join the new community
Difficulty in obtaining traditional foods
environmental barriers to healthy living
Inequitable distribution of unhealthy food sources
Limited access to healthy foods
Higher density of fast-food outlets and convenience stores in neighborhoods
community gardens
place where two or more people garden together, provide a means for families and individuals with low SES to access fresh fruits and vegetables that would otherwise often be unavailable
social entrepreneur
Focused on creating change to solve a social problem with a sustainable solution.
Creative partnerships to ease barriers for implementation.
to properly use DRIs, the individual needs 5 variables to translate population suggestions into food choices
age body size daily energy expenditure any relevant medical conditions dietary habits (including culture, religion, and personal preferences)
basic foundational principles of a healthy diet
Balance Moderation Variety Adequacy Nutrient density Enjoyment
balance
consuming the recommended amount of the essential nutrients
combinations of different food types
moderation
regularly eating foods low in saturated fat, cholesterol, and added sugars
infrequently splurging on foods that are high in those nutrients
frequent intake of foods high in those nutrients increases the risk of developing chronic conditions.
variety
a varied diet containing food from each of the food groups each day
alternating food choices within each food group
adequacy
sufficient amounts of all essential nutrients
balance and variety in the diet lead to nutrient adequacy
nutritional density
a food is nutrient dense if it contains a significant amount of nutrients for the least amount of calories
enjoyment
not everyone enjoys every food.
if there are healthy and nutrient dense foods that are not included in an individual’s diet, replace the nutritional contributions of that food with another similar food
MyPyramid
Four general themes: variety, proportionality, moderation, and activity
increased intake of vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and other essential nutrients
lowered intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol
increased intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
caloric intake balanced with energy and fitness
dietary guidelines recommendations
Emphasize a balance of exercise and healthy diet choices:
fruits
vegetables
whole grains
fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products
lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts
food low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt, and added sugars
