exam 1 health promotion and community nutrition

Question 1

communities

Answer 1

Collections of people with like characteristics

Question 2

importance of community nutrition

Answer 2

Individuals are influenced by the community standards and norms.
Communities can change by promoting behavior change
Leaders must participate
Include community member essential for ownership of outcomes

Question 3

culture and food

Answer 3

Culture is the way of life of a community at a given time and is a value and belief system that is learned from others (FAMILY).

Question 4

acculturation

Answer 4

Newcomers to a community may adopt the community’s diet: assimilation
May depart from traditional diets due to:
Desire to join the new community
Difficulty in obtaining traditional foods

Question 5

environmental barriers to healthy living

Answer 5

Inequitable distribution of unhealthy food sources
Limited access to healthy foods
Higher density of fast-food outlets and convenience stores in neighborhoods

Question 6

community gardens

Answer 6

place where two or more people garden together, provide a means for families and individuals with low SES to access fresh fruits and vegetables that would otherwise often be unavailable

Question 7

social entrepreneur

Answer 7

Focused on creating change to solve a social problem with a sustainable solution.
Creative partnerships to ease barriers for implementation.

Question 8

to properly use DRIs, the individual needs 5 variables to translate population suggestions into food choices

Answer 8

age 
body size
daily energy expenditure
any relevant medical conditions 
dietary habits (including culture, religion, and personal preferences)

Question 9

basic foundational principles of a healthy diet

Answer 9

Balance
Moderation
Variety
Adequacy
Nutrient density
Enjoyment

Question 10

balance

Answer 10

consuming the recommended amount of the essential nutrients

combinations of different food types

Question 11

moderation

Answer 11

regularly eating foods low in saturated fat, cholesterol, and added sugars
infrequently splurging on foods that are high in those nutrients
frequent intake of foods high in those nutrients increases the risk of developing chronic conditions.

Question 12

variety

Answer 12

a varied diet containing food from each of the food groups each day
alternating food choices within each food group

Question 13

adequacy

Answer 13

sufficient amounts of all essential nutrients

balance and variety in the diet lead to nutrient adequacy

Question 14

nutritional density

Answer 14

a food is nutrient dense if it contains a significant amount of nutrients for the least amount of calories

Question 15

enjoyment

Answer 15

not everyone enjoys every food.
if there are healthy and nutrient dense foods that are not included in an individual’s diet, replace the nutritional contributions of that food with another similar food

Question 16

MyPyramid

Answer 16

Four general themes: variety, proportionality, moderation, and activity
increased intake of vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber, and other essential nutrients
lowered intake of saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol
increased intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
caloric intake balanced with energy and fitness

Question 17

dietary guidelines recommendations

Answer 17

Emphasize a balance of exercise and healthy diet choices:
fruits
vegetables
whole grains
fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products
lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts
food low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt, and added sugars