Exam 1 Functional Anatomy of the Endocrine Glands

Question 1

? located in the anterior neck; produces key hormones for metabolism

Answer 1

thyroid

Question 2

? produces the hormones that are stored in the posterior pituitary

Answer 2

hypothalamus

Question 3

? a mixed gland, located behind the stomach and close to the small intestine

Answer 3

pancreas

Question 4

? paired glands suspended in the scrotum

Answer 4

testes

Question 5

? bilobed gland located in the sella turcica

Answer 5

pituitary

Question 6

? found in the pelvic cavity of the female, concerned with ova and female hormone production

Answer 6

ovaries

Question 7

? found in the upper thorax overlying the heart; large during youth

Answer 7

thymus

Question 8

? found in the roof of the 3rd ventricle of the brain

Answer 8

pineal gland

Question 9

Regulate the function of another endocrine gland (tropic) (4)

Answer 9

FSH
TSH
LH
ACTH
anterior pituitary

Question 10

Maintain salt and water balance in the extracellular fluid (2)

Answer 10

ADH - hypothalamus

Aldosterone - adrenal cortex

Question 11

Directly involved in milk production and ejection (2)

Answer 11

Prolactin - anterior pituitary

Oxytocin - posterior pituitary

Question 12

Controls the rate of body metabolism and cellular oxidation

Answer 12

T3/T4 - thyroid

Question 13

Regulates blood calcium levels

Answer 13

PTH - parathyroid

Question 14

Regulate blood glucose levels; produced by the same “mixed” gland

Answer 14

Insulin & Glucagon - pancreas

Question 15

Released in response to stressors (2)

Answer 15

Cortisol - adrenal cortex

Epinephrine - adrenal medulla

Question 16

Drive development of secondary sex characteristics in males

Answer 16

Testosterone - testes

Question 17

Directly responsible for regulation of the menstrual cycle (2)

Answer 17

Estrogens & Progesterone - ovaries

Question 18

ACTH ?

Answer 18

another hormone

Question 19

calcitonin ?

Answer 19

humoral factors

Question 20

estrogens ?

Answer 20

another hormone

Question 21

insulin ?

Answer 21

humoral factors

Question 22

norepinephrine ?

Answer 22

nervous system

Question 23

parathyroid hormone ?

Answer 23

humoral factors

Question 24

T3/T4 ?

Answer 24

another hormone

Question 25

testosterone ?

Answer 25

another hormone

Question 26

TSH, FSH ?

Answer 26

another hormone

Question 27

TSH, FSH ?

Answer 27

another hormone

Question 28

_____ –> tetany

Answer 28

parathyroid

Question 29

_____ –> excessive urine output without high blood glucose levels

Answer 29

ADH

Question 30

_____ –> loss of glucose in the urine

Answer 30

insulin

Question 31

_____ –> abnormally small stature, normal proportions

Answer 31

growth hormone

Question 32

_____ –> abnormally small stature, normal proportions

Answer 32

growth hormone

Question 33

_____ –> in the adult: large bones of the hands, feet, and face

Answer 33

growth hormone

Question 34

_____ –> nervousness, irregular pulse rate, sweating

Answer 34

T3/T4

Question 35

_____ –> demineralization of bones, spontaneous fractures

Answer 35

parathyroid

Question 36

_____ –> demineralization of bones, spontaneous fractures

Answer 36

parathyroid

Question 37

? Parafollicular cells of the thyroid

Answer 37

calcitonin

Question 38

? Follicular cells of the thyroid

Answer 38

T3/T4

Question 39

? Beta cells of the pancreatic islets

Answer 39

insulin

Question 40

? Alpha cells of the pancreatic islets

Answer 40

glucagon

Question 41

? Basophil cells of the anterior pituitary

Answer 41

TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH

Question 42

? Zona fasciculata cells

Answer 42

glucocorticoids

Question 43

? Zona glomerulosa cells

Answer 43

mineralocorticoids

Question 44

? Parathyroid cells

Answer 44

PTH

Question 45

? Acidophil cells of the anterior pituitary

Answer 45

GH, prolactin