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microbiology > exam 1 form A > Flashcards

exam 1 form A Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

developed small pox immunization

A

Edward Jenner

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2
Q

sought a “magic bullet” to destroy pathogens and not host

A

Paul ehrlich

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3
Q

discovered penicillin

A

alexander flemming

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4
Q

pioneered aspetic surgery

A

joseph lister

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5
Q

pioneered the cultivation of bacteria on solid media

A

Robert Koch

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6
Q

Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of microorganisms with swan-necked flasks

A

Louis Pasteur

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7
Q

Disproved the theory of spontaneous generation of flies from meat, father of scientific method

A

Francesco Redi

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8
Q

Fungi

A

all of the above, can be yeasts, eukaryotic, can be molds

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9
Q

the person who proposed that all cellular life belongs to one of 3 domains based upon rRNA ssequences is:

A

carl woese

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10
Q

which of the following organisms are responsible for red tides involved in shellfish poisoning?

A

Algae

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11
Q

made of tubulin in eukaryotes

A

flagella

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12
Q

means “sugar cup”; most often composed of polysaccharides:

A

glycocalyx

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13
Q

the endosymbiotic theory explains its presence in the cell:

A

mitochondrion

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14
Q

composed of RNA and protein; role in protein synthesis

A

ribosomes

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15
Q

polysaccharide chains cross-linked by short peptides

A

peptidoglycan

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16
Q

the main permeability barrier of the cell

A

cell membrane

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17
Q

resting structure built for survival in harsh conditions

A

endosperm

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18
Q

all of the following statements concerning prokaryotic flagella are true except:

A

they are composed of tubulin

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19
Q

which of the following terms is NOT associated with bacterial cell walls?

A

Chitin

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20
Q

mycolic acids, gram positive, negative, or acid fast?

A

acid fast bacteria

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21
Q

Will appear blue after an acid-fast stain

A

a and b, gram positive and gram negative

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22
Q

cells of the genus mycoplasma lack which of the following?

A

a cell wall

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23
Q

an object measures .5 um. this is equivalent to

A

500 nm

24
Q

empty magnification results from increasing magnification without increasing the

A

resolution

25
Q

assume that a bacterial cell has established a proton gradient. when this gradient is used to power the transport of lactose into the cell, the process is most correctly termed:

A

symport

26
Q

which of the following microscopes is capable of generating a three dimensional image of a specimen?

A

all of above

27
Q

malachite green is associated with which of the following staining procedures?

A

endospore stain

28
Q

the molecule upon which an enzyme acts is known as its

A

substrate

29
Q

glucose goes in; pyruvate, ATP, and NADH come out

A

glycolysis

30
Q

hydrogen atom “juicing”; a proton gradient formed

A

electron transport

31
Q

lactic acid produced

A

fermentation

32
Q

fatty acids are broken down, 2 carbons at a time

A

beta oxidation

33
Q

consists of cytochromes and iron-sulfur proteins

A

electron transport

34
Q

ethyl alcohol is produced

A

fermentation

35
Q

the synthesis of acetyl coA from pyruvate is a bridge step between which 2 pathways?

A

glycolysis and krebs cycle

36
Q

Net ATP (aerobic bacterium) from substrate level phosphorylation only

A

4

37
Q

number of ethanol molecules produced during fermentation

A

2

38
Q

number of fatty acids in a phospholipid

A

2

39
Q

number of mitochondrial protons required to produce 1 ATP in the cytoplasm:

A

4

40
Q

number of ATP equivalents from one turn of the Krebs cycle

A

12

41
Q

proteins are polymers of

A

amino acids

42
Q

primary purpose of the Krebs cycle is to

A

remove H atoms from organic compounds and place them onto NAD and FAD

43
Q

catalase:

A

is one of fastest enzymes known

44
Q

NAD and FAD are most correctly classified as

A

Hydrogen atom carriers

45
Q

Most bacterial capsules are composed of

A

polysaccharide

46
Q

blood agar to which antibiotics inhibitory to gram-negative bacteria have been added is

A

all of the above

47
Q

a fatty acid containing 16 carbons is metabolized for energy by an aerobic bacterium. what is the total net number of ATP equivalents this fatty acid is worth?

A

129

48
Q

uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation

A

all of the above

49
Q

which of the following ingredients is characterisitic of a complex medium?

A

beef extract

50
Q

how many times more acid is a tomato pH 4.3 than blood pH 7.3

A

1000 times

51
Q

capnophiles grow best in:

A

high concentrations of CO2

52
Q

40 organisms with a generation time of 20 min are allowed to multiply for 6 hours. how many organisms are present?

A

1.05*10^7

53
Q

one organism develops into 1.07*10^9 organisms in 6 hours. what is the generation time?

A

12 min.

54
Q

during the lag phase, organisms are:

A

synthesizing necessary enzymes

55
Q

for a mesophile, the optimum temp of an organism is:

A

always closer to its maximum than it’s minimum

56
Q

halophiles require:

A

increased salt

microbiology (4 decks)

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