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CFT I > Exam 1 - Feline Lymphoma > Flashcards

Exam 1 - Feline Lymphoma Flashcards

1
Q

what breed is associated with feline lymphoma?

A

siamese cats

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2
Q

what is the most common tumor in renal transplant cats?

A

lymphoma - high grade diffuse large b-cell lymphoma

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3
Q

what organs are involved in cats that get lymphoma after renal transplants?

A

liver, spleen, peripheral/mesenteric lymph nodes, small intestines, bladder, heart, mesenteric fat, & body wall

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4
Q

what is the proposed mechanism for why renal transplant cats get lymphoma?

A

chronic immunosuppresion

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5
Q

what viral factors are apart of the etiology of feline lymphoma?

A

FeLV & FIV

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6
Q

what are the 3 forms of FeLV-associated lymphoma?

A

mediastinal, multicentric, & spinal

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7
Q

what cats are typically affected by FeLV-associated lymphoma?

A

younger cats - under 2 years old

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8
Q

what is the mechanism of FeLV-associated lymphosarcoma?

A

direct mechanism - insertional mutagenesis (virus inserts into the cell)

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9
Q

what is the common immunophenotype of FeLV-associated lymphoma?

A

t-cell

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10
Q

what is the common immunophenotype of FIV-associated lymphoma?

A

b cell lymphoma

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11
Q

what is the mechanism of FIV-associated lymphosarcoma?

A

indirect mechanism - chronic immunosuppression

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12
Q

T/F: there is a five-fold increased risk of lymphosarcoma in FIV positive cats

A

true

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13
Q

there has been an increase in prevalence of lymphoma in cats now past the felv era due to relative frequency of alimentary lymphoma - why?

A

we see it more now but it’s typically in older cats with different forms (alimentary)

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14
Q

how is lymphoma classified in cats?

A

anatomic location & histologic & immunophenotypic criteria

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15
Q

T/F: only 4-10% of cats diagnosed with lymphoma involves the peripheral lymph nodes (multicentric)

A
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16
Q

what is the common name for tarsal lymphoma?

A

terrible tumor of the hock - surrounds the joint fully

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17
Q

what is the most common intestinal tumor in cats?

A

feline alimentary lymphoma - 55%

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18
Q

what cats are typically affected by alimentary lymphoma?

A

older, felv negative cats, & siamese breeds

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19
Q

what other organs can be involved in alimentary lymphoma?

A

intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, & spleen

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20
Q

what are the clinical signs associated with alimentary lymphoma?

A

weight loss, anorexia, diarrhea, & vomiting

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21
Q

what may be palpated upon physical exam of a cat with alimentary lymphoma?

A

palpable abdominal mass or thickened ‘ropey’ loops of intestine

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22
Q

what is another name for low-grade gi lymphoma?

A

small cell or lymphocytic lymphoma

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23
Q

what pathology is caused by low-grade gi lymphoma?

A

diffuse intestinal wall thickening with intact wall layering

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24
Q

what other organs may be involved in low-grade gi lymphoma?

A

abdominal lymph nodes & liver

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25
Q

what other organs may be involved in high-grade gi lymphoma?

A

abdominal lymph node involvement, liver, spleen, & kidney

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26
Q

what is another name for high-grade lymphoma?

A

lymphoblastic

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27
Q

what pathology is caused by high-grade lymphoma?

A

transmural intestinal wall thickening, loss of layering, & maybe a solitary mass

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28
Q

how is low-grade gi lymphoma diagnosed?

A

endoscopic or surgical biopsy

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29
Q

what other disease is hard to distinguish from small cell gi lymphoma?

A

IBD

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30
Q

how is small cell lymphoma treated?

A

chlorambucil & prednisolone

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31
Q

what percentage of patients with small cell lymphoma respond to therapy?

A

98%

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32
Q

what is the median survival of small cell gi lymphoma?

A

700 days

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33
Q

T/F: the history of a cat with small cell gi lymphoma is typically prolonged and clinical signs aren’t as pronounced

A

true

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34
Q

which has the worst prognosis: small cell or large cell lymphoma?

A

large cell

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35
Q

how is large cell gi lymphoma diagnosed?

A

ultrasound guided FNA & cytology

+/- flow cytometry (88% b-cell)

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36
Q

what is the treatment for large cell gi lymphoma?

A

aggressive, multi agent chemo

survival benefit found in cats treated with doxorubicin

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37
Q

T/F: doxorubicin can cause permanent anorexia in cats

A

true

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38
Q

what is the median survival time of cats with large cell gi lymphoma?

A

6 months

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39
Q

what % of cats with large cell gi lymphoma respond to therapy?

A

50-60%

40
Q

what is feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma?

A

very biologically aggressive subtype of lymphoma arising from CD3+ t cytotoxic t cells

41
Q

what organs are typically involved in feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma?

A

small intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes, +/- spleen, liver, & bone marrow

42
Q

what are the clinical signs of feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma?

A

acute onset of anorexia, weight loss, lethargy, & vomiting

43
Q

T/F: most cats with feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma are FeLV/FIV negative

A

true

44
Q

what is the median survival time of feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma?

A

57 days

45
Q

what percentage of animals with feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma respond to therapy?

A

<30% - minimally responsive

46
Q

what may you see in cytology when looking at the cytoplasm of cells in cats with feline large granular lymphocyte lymphoma?

A

granular bodies

47
Q

what are the clinical signs of mediastinal lymphoma?

A

dyspnea, tachypnea, cough, inappetence, & regurgitation

48
Q

what is the signalment of cats typically affected by mediastinal lymphoma?

A

younger siamese cats

49
Q

what are 2 common physical exam findings associated with mediastinal lymphoma?

A

muffled heart & lung sounds, 51% of cats have pleural effusions, & non-compressible thorax

50
Q

how is mediastinal lymphoma diagnosed?

A

thoracic radiographs, thoracocentesis, +/- ultrasound guided FNA & cytology (diagnose off of pleural fluid)

51
Q

what is the treatment for mediastinal lymphoma?

A

supportive therapy - thoracocentesis

chemotherapy

emergency radiation therapy

52
Q

what percentage of animals respond to treatment for mediastinal lymphoma?

A

94.7% respond to CHOP/COP

53
Q

what is the median survival time of mediastinal lymphoma if the cat is FeLV positive?

A

2-3 months

54
Q

what is the median survival time of mediastinal lymphoma if the cat is an older FeLV negative patient?

A

373 days

55
Q

T/F: 60-75% of cats with complete response to therapy had an overall median survival time of 980 days

A

true

56
Q

what are some commonly reported locations of feline extra-nodal lymphoma?

A

nasal, upper respiratory, renal, CNS, subcutaneous, & terrible tumor of the hock

57
Q

what are the clinical signs of feline nasal lymphoma?

A

nasal discharge, stertor, sneezing, epistaxis, & facial deformity/asymmetry

58
Q

what is the typical duration of clinical signs prior to a feline nasal lymphoma patient being referred?

A

about 3 months

59
Q

what is the common immunophenotype of feline nasal lymphoma?

A

majority are b-cell lymphoma

60
Q

how is feline nasal lymphoma diagnosed & staged?

A

thoracic radiographs, AUS, CT with rhinoscopy, & biopsy

61
Q

T/F: approximately 15% of cats with feline nasal lymphoma have disease located beyond the nasal cavity & will require more systemic treatment

A

true

62
Q

what is the median survival time for feline nasal lymphoma?

A

536 days

63
Q

what is the median survival time for stage 1 localized feline nasal lymphoma?

A

955 days

64
Q

how do most cats with nasal lymphoma present?

A

many cats present with stage 1 disease that is localized to the anatomic site & are still eating well (substage a)

65
Q

what are the average response rates to treatment of feline nasal lymphoma?

A

66-75%

66
Q

T/F: nasal lymphoma is prognostically the best variant

A

true - radiation therapy can treat locally!

67
Q

what are the general clinical signs of renal lymphoma?

A

depression, anorexia, PU/PD, bilateral renomegaly

68
Q

how is renal lymphoma diagnosed?

A

cytology, thoracic radiographs, ultrasound, & FNA

69
Q

what is the common immunophenotype of renal lymphoma?

A

b-cell lymphoma

70
Q

what other organ system is commonly affected in renal lymphoma?

A

relapse in the CNS!!

71
Q

what is the median survival time of renal lymphoma?

A

4-7 months

72
Q

what are the clinical signs associated with feline CNS lymphoma?

A

posterior paresis, behavior changes, circling, seizures, & altered consciousness - often diffusely effects cerebrum or brainstem +/- spinal cord

73
Q

T/F: cats with feline CNS lymphoma have concurrent renal and/or bone marrow involvement

A

true

74
Q

there is a high incidence of what disease in feline CNS lymphoma?

A

FeLV

75
Q

how is feline CNS lymphoma staged?

A

thoracic rads & abdominal ultrasound

76
Q

how is feline CNS lymphoma diagnosed?

A

MRI or CT scan with CSF tap & cytology

77
Q

what is the treatment for feline CNS lymphoma?

A

local radiation therapy & chemo - cats showing a complete response can enjoy long term disease control

78
Q

what is the median survival time of cats with CNS lymphoma that have a poor response to chemo?

A

70 days - maybe better survival with lomustine

79
Q

what is the distribution for cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma?

A

solitary or multiple lesions without predilection for any particular locations

80
Q

what are the dermatological clinical signs of cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma?

A

erythematous plaques/patches, scaly alopecia patches, & non-healing ulcers or nodules

‘eosinophilic plaque like’

81
Q

ulcerative pododermatitis & exfoliative alopecia with focal erythema are commonly seen with what cancer?

A

cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma

82
Q

how is cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma diagnosed?

A

skin biopsy & histopathology with immunohistochemistry

83
Q

how is cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma staged?

A

thoracic rads & ultrasound

84
Q

what is another name for eosinophilic granuloma?

A

rodent ulcer

85
Q

what is the treatment for cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma?

A

surgery for ulcerated lesions, electron beam irradiation, & multi-agent chemo

86
Q

what is the median survival time for cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma?

A

10 months

87
Q

T/F: cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma is rare in cats

A

true

88
Q

what is the most common form of lymphoma in cats?

A

gastrointestinal

89
Q

in cats with high grade gi lymphoma, how many animals respond to therapy? what is the average duration of response?

A

50-70%

4-6 months

90
Q

why is it important to use immunophenotyping & PARR in cats with suspect gi lymphoma?

A

can help distinguish lymphoma from IBD

91
Q

what are positive prognostic factors for feline lymphoma in regards to response to treatment, histopathology grade, anatomic location, & retroviral status?

A

complete response

low grade

FeLV negative

nasal lymphoma

92
Q

T/F: in cats, immunophenotype & pre-treatment with glucocorticoids does not play a role in prognosis

A

true

93
Q

for feline lymphoma, what are the chemo treatment options?

A

CHOP/COP & lomustine

94
Q

for feline lymphoma, what are the radiation treatment options?

A

nasal, CNS/spinal lesions, & mediastinal lymphoma

95
Q

for feline lymphoma, what are the surgical treatment options?

A

rarely indicated because most lymphomas are considered systemic except for getting biopsies for diagnosis or to relieve intestinal obstruction

96
Q

what are the 2 classifications used in feline lymphoma?

A

anatomic location & histologic criteria

97
Q

what cancer is this?

A

cutaneous epitheliotropic t-cell lymphoma

CFT I (30 decks)

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