Exam 1-Exercise 2 Flashcards
One type of atom, can’t be decomposed
Element
More than one type of atom/element;CAN be decomposed
Compound
What are the elements that are most abundant in living things?
CHONPS;Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur
What is a proton?
Positively charged
Atomic number=
Number of protons
Mass number-Atomic number=
Number of nutrons
What is an isotope?
Atoms of same element that have different number of neutrons
How are isotopes important?
Chemical and biological research, medicine
How many electrons can the first shell hold?
2
How many electrons are in the valance shell?
8
What is the valance shell?
Outermost shell
What is the octet rule?
Atoms want to have 8 electrons in the outermost shell
Bonds between atoms that involves the sharing of a pair of electrons
Covalent bond
What is the maximum number of covalent bonds formed by an atom of hydrogen,oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon?
H-1
O-2
N-3
C-4
what reaction is it when atoms/molecules are put together to make larger molecules
Synthesis Reactions
Molecules are broken down to smaller molecules/atoms
Decomposition reaction
Atoms swap partners
Exchange reactions
What is a salt?
Ionic compounds that do not include either H+ or OH-
What are electrolytes?
Solutions that contain ions
pH<7
Acid
pH>7
Base
pH=7
Neutral
What is a buffer
The ability to resist changes in pH.
