exam 1 - cyt and hist

Question 1

mitochondria

Answer 1

powerhouse of the cell (makes ATP)

Question 2

ribosomes

Answer 2

read and assemble

Question 3

endocytosis

Answer 3

bring in

Question 4

unit membrane

Answer 4

2 layer

Question 5

membrane transport: facilitated diffusion

Answer 5

down gradient, through transport protein

Question 6

ground substance of blood

Answer 6

plasma

Question 7

fibrosis

Answer 7

scar tissue, no fuction, just holds together

Question 8

decubitus ulcer

Answer 8

bed sore

Question 9

skeletal muscle tissue - Voluntary? #Nuclei? Striations?

Answer 9

yes, many, yes

Question 10

hypertrophy

Answer 10

increase in size of tissue

Question 11

cardiac muscle tissue - Voluntary? #Nuclei? Striations?

Answer 11

no, one, yes

Question 12

nucleus

Answer 12

chromatin - dna & proteins

Question 13

hypotonic ECF

Answer 13

cells absorb water, can lyse

Question 14

membrane transport: filtration

Answer 14

hydrostatic pressure

Question 15

3 membrane functions

Answer 15

boundaries, interactions, passage

Question 16

4 types of tissue

Answer 16

epitheleal, connective, nervous, muscle

Question 17

serous secretion

Answer 17

watery, ex: sweat, tears

Question 18

peroxisomes

Answer 18

use O2

Question 19

merocrine method of secretion

Answer 19

exocytosis, ex: sweat, tears

Question 20

serous membrane

Answer 20

serosa, lines organs

Question 21

epitheleal tissue

Answer 21

linings, nonvascular

Question 22

connective tissue

Answer 22

fibrous, fat, bone, blood, highly vascular

Question 23

gangrene

Answer 23

blood restricted, gradual

Question 24

osmosis

Answer 24

non-permeating solutes are water magnets

Question 25

regeneration

Answer 25

tissue replaced (skin, liver)

Question 26

phagocytosis

Answer 26

eating (white blood cell)

Question 27

cytogenic secretion

Answer 27

whole cells, ex: sperm and eggs

Question 28

change in tissue type: differentiation

Answer 28

unspecialized to specialized, ex: embryo germ layer

Question 29

exocytosis

Answer 29

discharge

Question 30

membrane transport: simple diffusion

Answer 30

down gradient, through membrane

Question 31

synovial membrane

Answer 31

lines joint cavities

Question 32

main ground substance of connective tissue

Answer 32

GAGs (glycosoaminoglycans)

Question 33

cilia

Answer 33

hairs, motile cilia moves mucous out of lungs

Question 34

change in tissue type: metaplasia

Answer 34

one type to another, ex: vaginal tissue during puberty

Question 35

mucous membrane

Answer 35

mucosa, lines external passageways

Question 36

3 parts of cytoskeleton

Answer 36

microfilaments, intermediate fibers, microtubules

Question 37

pinocytosis

Answer 37

drinking (all cells)

Question 38

senile atrophy

Answer 38

normal aging atrophy

Question 39

lysosomes

Answer 39

break stuff

Question 40

infarction

Answer 40

blood cut off, sudden

Question 41

holocrine method of secretion

Answer 41

accumulate and disintegrate, ex: oil glands

Question 42

neoplasia

Answer 42

tumor

Question 43

2 types of osseus tissue

Answer 43

(osseus=bone) spongy (inside), compact (outside)

Question 44

gap junctions are NOT found

Answer 44

skeletal muscle

Question 45

glycocalyx

Answer 45

fuzzy external coating

Question 46

cutaneous membrane

Answer 46

skin

Question 47

smooth er

Answer 47

detoxifies (liver)

Question 48

flagella

Answer 48

only the sperm tail

Question 49

isotonic ECF

Answer 49

cells OK

Question 50

4 types of passive membrane transport

Answer 50

filtration, simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

Question 51

centrioles

Answer 51

cell division

Question 52

stem cells are

Answer 52

undifferentiated, ex in adults: skin and bone marrow

Question 53

necrosis

Answer 53

premature death of tissue

Question 54

smooth muscle tissue - Voluntary? #Nuclei? Striations?

Answer 54

no, one, no

Question 55

exocrine gland

Answer 55

have duct, ex: sweat

Question 56

adipose connective tissue

Answer 56

fat, everywhere, stores energy

Question 57

intercellular junction: desmosomes

Answer 57

clip cells together, ex: heart

Question 58

3 lipids in membrane

Answer 58

phospholipids, cholesterol, glycolipid

Question 59

rough er

Answer 59

has ribosomes, makes proteins

Question 60

membrane made of what

Answer 60

98% lipids 2% protein

Question 61

inclusions

Answer 61

storage

Question 62

golgi complex

Answer 62

synth carbs, packages and ships

Question 63

atrophy

Answer 63

shrink in size or number, opposite of tissue growth

Question 64

unicellular gland

Answer 64

goblet cell

Question 65

intercellular junction: tight

Answer 65

seal membrane, ex: stomach

Question 66

hypertonic ECF

Answer 66

cells lose water, can shrink

Question 67

mixed secretion

Answer 67

watery and mucous, ex: saliva

Question 68

endocrine gland

Answer 68

no duct, move hormones in blood, ex: adrenal

Question 69

autolysis

Answer 69

cell suicide

Question 70

3 germ layers

Answer 70

ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 71

autophagy

Answer 71

breakdown of organelles

Question 72

cytoplasm made of?

Answer 72

organelles, cytoskeleton, inclusions, cytosol

Question 73

intercellular junction: gap junction

Answer 73

allow sharing for communication

Question 74

3 parts of neuron

Answer 74

axon, soma, dendrite

Question 75

apoptosis

Answer 75

programmed cell death

Question 76

nucleolus

Answer 76

makes ribosomes

Question 77

cytosol

Answer 77

intracellular fluid

Question 78

hyperplasia

Answer 78

increase in number of cells in tissue, ex: skin

Question 79

microvilli

Answer 79

surface area, actin, ex: digestive tract

Question 80

mucous secretion

Answer 80

mucous, ex: goblet cells