Exam 1 - Chapter 4 - Part 1

Question 1

3 important types of sensory information

Answer 1

proprioception
exproprioception
exteroception

Question 2

proprioception

Answer 2

information about the movement of body parts relative to each other

Question 3

expropriocepetion

Answer 3

position of the body and its various parts relative to the surrounding environment

Question 4

exteroception

Answer 4

visual layout and relative position of objects in space

Question 5

structure of the eye

Answer 5

all parts of the eye

Question 6

cornea

Answer 6

the clear front window of the eye. The cornea transmits and focuses light into the eye.

Question 7

pupil

Answer 7

the dark center in the middle of the iris. The pupil determines how much light is let into the eye. It changes sizes to accommodate for the amount of light that is available

Question 8

lens

Answer 8

the transparent structure inside the eye that focuses light rays onto the retina

Question 9

retina

Answer 9

the nerve layer that lines the back of the eye. The retina senses light and creates impulses that are sent through the optic nerve to the brain

Question 10

rod

Answer 10

concentrated at the outer edges of the retina and are used in peripheral vision

Question 11

cones

Answer 11

A type of specialized light-sensitive cell (photoreceptor) in the retina of the eye that provides color vision and sharp central vision

Question 12

transmission of visual information to the brain

Answer 12

Electrical impulses leave the eye via the optic nerve

Optic tracts arise from optic nerves
-Relays impulses to the thalamus

Partial crossing at optic chiasm

• Allows three dimensional viewing
• Binocular viewing

Question 13

optic nerve

Answer 13

each of the second pair of cranial nerves, transmitting impulses to the brain from the retina at the back of the eye

Question 14

optic chiasm

Answer 14

the X-shaped structure formed at the point below the brain where the two optic nerves cross over each other

Question 15

lateral geniculate nucleus

Answer 15

a relay center in the thalamus for the visual pathway. It receives a major sensory input from the retina

Question 16

primary cortex

Answer 16

a brain region that in humans is located in the dorsal portion of the frontal lobe

Question 17

superior colliculus

Answer 17

a paired structure of the mammalian midbrain

Question 18

vestibular-occular reflex-VOR

Answer 18

functions to stabilize images on the retinas (in yoked vision) during head movement by producing eye movements in the direction opposite to head movement

Question 19

optokinetic reflex-OKR

Answer 19

a combination of a saccade and smooth pursuit eye movements. It is seen when an individual follows a moving object with their eyes

Question 20

saccades

Answer 20

a rapid movement of the eye between fixation points