Exam 1: Chapter 1 and 3 Flashcards
How do we measure maternal mortality rates in the US
number of deaths of any cause related to pregnancy delivery or postpartum per 100,000 live births
How do we measure neonate and infant mortality rates
per 1,000 live births
Where is maternal mortality higher in women living in
rural areas and among poorer communities
What are factors strongly related to maternal mortality
age (younger than 20 and 35 years or older)
lack of prenatal care
low educational attainment
unmarried status
non-caucasian race
What is the rate in the US as of 2021 for maternal mortality
32.9 per 100,000 live births
T/F nearly half of all maternal deaths in the USA are preventable
True
What are the 3 causes in the US for maternal mortality
- chronic conditions
- lack of health insurance
- lack of good data and related analysis
What chronic illness is specifically linked to cause high mortality rate among maternity patients
cardiovascular disease
infection or sepsis
non-cardiovascular disease
The uterus: fundus
the part of the uterus above the level of the uterine tubes
The uterus: body
the part of the uterus from the level of uterine tube to the level of the isthmus
The uterus: cervix
the part below the level of the isthmus
Follicular phase: what occurs
Follicles in the ovary grow and form a mature egg
Follicular phase: starts and ends
day 1 until day 10 to 14
Follicular phase: what hormone dominates
FSH hormone
Follicular phase: LH hormone
A surge of LH hormone it is responsible for affecting the final development and subsequent rupture of the mature follicle
Ovulation: takes place
14 days before menstruation
Ovulation: what occurs
a mature follicle ruptures in response to a surge of LH hormone releasing an ovum
Ovulation: What peaks before ovulation
estrogen levels peak before ovulation, after there is a drop
Luteal phase: when does this occur
at ovulation (day 15) and lasts until day 28
Luteal phase: what occurs
the follicle after its rupture forms the corpus luteum which secretes progesterone (interacts with the endometrium to prepare it for implantation)
Luteal phase: ______ body temp
increase
Luteal phase: lowest levels of
LH and FSH
Which phase tends to differ
follicular phase
hCG is a hormone produced by
the placenta during pregnancy
When can hCG be detected
in blood or urine 10 to 11 days after conception
What does hCG do?
stimulate the corpus luteum to produce progesterone to maintain pregnancy
What is a zygote
diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum
fertilized egg
