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Bio141 Exam Review Questions > Exam 1: Chapter 1,2,+3 > Flashcards

Exam 1: Chapter 1,2,+3 Flashcards

1
Q

Humans have a normal body temperature of 37 degrees C. This temperature remains relatively constant, even when the temperature outside the body changes. This is an example of
A) Behavior
B) Homeostasis
C) Metabolism
D) Evolution
E) Reproduction

A

B) Homeostasis

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2
Q

The transmission of DNA from parents to offspring is the primary aspect of
A) Behavior
B) Homeostasis
C) Metabolism
D) Evolution
E) Reproduction

A

E) Reproduction

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3
Q

What are modifications that help organisms survive and/or reproduce in a particular environment?
A) Domains
B) Decomposers
C) Adaptations
D) Kingdoms
E) Biodiversity

A

C) Adaptations

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4
Q

Adaptations arise spontaneously and unintentionally as a result of random _____.
A) Evolution
B) Mutations
C) Metabolism
D) Molecules
E) Nutrients

A

B) Mutations

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5
Q

The processes that involve acquiring nutrients and energy from the environment are collectively called
A) Reproduction
B) Homeostasis
C) Biodiversity
D) Metabolism
E) Taxonomy

A

D) Metabolism

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6
Q

Living things that acquire energy by breaking down the dead bodies of other living things are called
A) Saprotrophs
B) Producers
C) Consumers
D) Mammals
E) Prokaryotes

A

A) Saprotrophs

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7
Q

Which of the following correctly lists the levels of biological organization from smallest (left) to largest (right)?
A) molecule< atom< cell< organ< tissue
B) tissue< molecule< cell< atom< organ
C) cell< atom< molecule< organ< tissue
D) organ< tissue< cell< molecule< atom
E) atom< molecule< cell< tissue< organ

A

E) atom< molecule< cell< tissue< organ

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8
Q

The broadest, most inclusive category of classification for living things is called
A) Kingdom
B) Phylum
C) Genus
D) Domain
E) Species

A

D) Domain

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9
Q

Which of the following cell types have a nucleus?
A) Animals
B) Plants
C) Fungi
D) Protists
E) All of the above

A

E) All of the above

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10
Q

Which of the following organisms are prokaryotic?
A) Fungi
B) Animals
C) Plants
D) Bacteria
E) Protists

A

D) Bacteria

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11
Q

Animals and Fungi are
A) in the same domain
B) in the same kingdom
C) in the same genus
D) in the same class
E) in the same phylum

A

A) in the same domain

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12
Q

What is a hypothesis?
A) A question used to guide ethical and moral decisions
B) The results of an experiment displayed in a table or graph
C) A mathematical concept that has been proven true
D) A possible explanation for a natural event based on available evidence
E) A type of experiment that includes a control group

A

D) A possible explanation for a natural event based on available evidence

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13
Q

Performing an experiment is one way to test a hypothesis. How else might you test a hypothesis?
A) Draw a conclusion
B) Propose a theory
C) Take a series of measurements
D) Ask a question
E) all of the above

A

C) Take a series of measurements

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14
Q

What is a theory?
A) A scientific idea supported by many well-tested hypotheses
B) A general scientific statement that infers a number of conclusions
C) A possible scientific explanation based on anecdotal evidence
D) A tentative statement used to guide experimentation
E) A preliminary scientific hypothesis to an unanswered question

A

A) A scientific idea supported by many well-tested hypotheses

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15
Q

Which of the following is the most abundant element by weight in living things?
A) carbon
B) oxygen
C) nitrogen
D) hydrogen
E) iron

A

B) oxygen

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16
Q

A(n) _____ is a subatomic particle with a positive charge; while a(n) ____ has a negative charge
A) proton; neutron
B) electron; proton
C) neutron; electron
D) proton; electron
E) electron; neutron

A

D) proton; electron

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17
Q

Atoms consist of protons and neutrons in the ____ and electrons in ____ surrounding the nucleus.
A) shells; isotopes
B) nucleus; shells
C) domain; kingdom
D) hydroxyl; amino
E) skeleton; functional groups

A

B) nucleus; shells

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18
Q

A certain isotope of carbon (C) has 6 protons, 6 electrons, and 7 neutrons per atom. What is the atomic mass of this isotope of carbon?
A) 6
B) 12
C) 19
D) 13
E) 667

A

D) 13

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19
Q

What is the atomic number of carbon?
A) 6
B) 12
C) 13
D) 19
E) 12.01

A

A) 6

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20
Q

How many electrons are located in the valence shell of a carbon atom?
A) 2
B) 13
C) 6
D) 12
E) 4

A

E) 4

21
Q

Ions are atoms with a negative or positive charge because they have gained or lost one or more
A) electrons
B) protons
C) neutrons
D) pairs of protons
E) pairs of electrons

A

A) electrons

22
Q

What kind of chemical bond is found in a molecule of table salt (NaCl)?
A) hydrogen
B) peptide
C) ionic
D) covalent
E) disulfide

A

C) ionic

23
Q

What kind of chemical bond is found in a molecule of methane (CH4)?
A) hydrogen
B) peptide
C) ionic
D) covalent
E) disulfide

A

D) covalent

24
Q

What kind of chemical bonds are found in a molecule of water (H2O)?
A) ionic
B) nonpolar covalent
C) polar covalent
D) hydrophobic
E) none of the above

A

C) polar covalent

25
Q

In a double covalent bond, two atoms share
A) one electron
B) two electrons
C) four electrons
D) six electrons
E) none of the above

A

C) four electrons

26
Q

A carbon (C) atom can complete its valence shell by
A) forming a single covalent bond with a second carbon atom
B) forming a double covalent bond with a second carbon atom
C) acquiring two electrons, thus acquiring a net charge
D) shedding two electrons, thus acquiring a net charge
E) forming a single covalent bond with each of four H atoms

A

E) forming a single covalent bond with each of four H atoms

27
Q

Water is liquid at room temperature because
A) living things are made mostly of water
B) water is nonpolar
C) water is hydrophobic
D) water is a strong acid
E) water can form hydrogen bonds

A

E) water can form hydrogen bonds

28
Q

A solution with a pH of 2.0 is considered
A) acidic
B) neutral
C) alkaline
D) polar
E) basic

A

A) acidic

29
Q

What type of molecules are insoluble in water?
A) hydrophilic
B) polar
C) charged
D) hydrophobic
E) solids

A

D) hydrophobic

30
Q

____ are substances that neutralize acids or bases, thus helping to maintain pH
A) acids
B) buffers
C) neutrons
D) isotopes
E) bases

A

B) buffers

31
Q

pH is a measure of the ____ concentration in a solution.
A) H2O
B) O2
C) H+
D) Na+
E) isotope

A

C) H+

32
Q

Which of the following functional groups is always found in all amino acids?
A) -NH2
B) -CH2-CH3
C) -SH
D) -CH3
E) -OH

A

A) -NH2

33
Q

Which of the following functional groups is always found in all alcohols?
A) -CH3
B) -OH
C) -SH
D) -COOH
E) -COOH

A

B) -OH

34
Q

Proteins are polymers constructed from 20 different types of smaller monomer subunits called ____.
A) fatty acids
B) polysaccharides
C) monosaccharides
D) nucleotides
E) amino acids

A

E) amino acids

35
Q

In a disaccharide, two monosaccharides are linked together by a type of covalent bond called a ___ bond.
A) glycosidic
B) ester
C) disulfide
D) peptide
E) phosphodiester

A

A) glycosidic

36
Q

Nucleotides are the building blocks for
A) polysaccharides
B) lipids
C) proteins
D) DNA and RNA
E) all of the above

A

D) DNA and RNA

37
Q

In general, dehydration reactions join ____ together to make ____.
A) protons; neutrons
B) monomers; polymers
C) isomers; isotopes
D) neutrons; electrons
E) polymers; monomers

A

B) monomers; polymers

38
Q

Glucose and galactase each have the molecular formula of C6H12O6. They are
A) amino acids
B) isotopes
C) buffers
D) isomers
E) disaccharides

A

D) isomers

39
Q

Our bodies store excess energy in the form of glycogen, which is made of
A) amino acids
B) nucleotides
C) polypeptides
D) fatty acids
E) glucose

A

E) glucose

40
Q

Ribose and deoxyribose are
A) amino acids
B) hexoses
C) pentoses
D) disaccharides
E) fatty acids

A

C) pentoses

41
Q

Which of the following is not a polysaccharide?
A) starch
B) cellulose
C) chitin
D) glycogen
E) collagen

A

E) collagen

42
Q

____ fatty acids form straight chains of carbons and hydrogens and are ___ at room temperature due to hydrophobic effects.
A) unsaturated; liquids
B) saturated; solids
C) unsaturated; gases
D) saturated; liquids
E) unsaturated; solids

A

B) saturated; solids

43
Q

What are the primary structural components of all cell membranes?
A) glucose monomers
B) phospholipids
C) DNA
D) collagen
E) amino acids

A

B) phospholipids

44
Q

Amphipathic molecules are
A) part carbohydrates and part amino acids
B) part acidic and part basic
C) part hydrophilic and part hydrophobic
D) part organic and part inorganic
E) all of the above

A

C) part hydrophilic and part hydrophobic

45
Q

Cholesterol is a
A) carbohydrate
B) steroid
C) protein
D) monosaccharide
E) phospholipid

A

B) steroid

46
Q

In living things, proteins are used for
A) structural support
B) transportation
C) communication
D) immune defense
E) all of the above

A

E) all of the above

47
Q

Chaperone proteins
A) digest other proteins
B) store a supply of amino acids
C) help other proteins fold properly
D) allow cells to communicate
E) allow cells to move

A

C) help other proteins fold properly

48
Q

a-helices and b-sheets are universal components of the ___ structure of proteins
A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quaternary
E) all of the above

A

B) secondary

49
Q

A protein that has lost its normal three-dimensional shape is said to be
A) digested
B) degraded
C) destroyed
D) denatured
E) degenerate

A

D) denatured

Bio141 Exam Review Questions (4 decks)

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