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DHG 130 > Exam 1 CH 36 Fluorides > Flashcards

Exam 1 CH 36 Fluorides Flashcards

1
Q

Pts who need fluoride?

A
  1. Active caries
  2. Recurrent caries, around restorations (breaking down)
  3. Ortho brackets
  4. Xerostomia
  5. Pt’s using chemo therapy/ head/neck radiation
  6. Pt’s w/ eating disorders
  7. Pts w/ poor OH
  8. Pts w/ exposed root surfaces
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2
Q

Provides the most effective method for dental caries prevention and control?

A

Fluoride

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3
Q

The way of circulation to developing teeth (preeruptive exposure)?

A

Systemically

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4
Q

Applied directly to the exposed surfaces of erupted teeth (Posteruptive exposure) ?

A

Topically

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5
Q

T/F Maximum caries inhibiting effect occurs when there is systemic exposure before tooth eruption and frequent topical fluoride exposure throughout life

A

True

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6
Q

Most fluoride is absorbed within how many minutes of ingestion?

A

60

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7
Q

Most fluoride is excreted through the?

A

Kidneys

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8
Q

T/F Fluoridation has been established as the most efficient, effective, reliable and inexpensive means for improving and maintaining oral health

A

True

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9
Q

T/F In 2015, The US Department of Health & Human Serivces updated the recommendation for the optimal concentration of water fluoridation to 0.7 ppm for all communities

A

True

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10
Q

Halo/Diffusion Effect

A

Foods and beverages that are commercially processed in optimally fluoridated cities can be distributed and consumed in nonfluoridated communities. This halo or diffusion effect can result in increased fluoride intake by individuals living in nonfluoridated communities providing them some protection against dental caries

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11
Q

T/F Bottled water usually does not contain optimal fluoride unless it has a label indicating that is fluoridated

A

True

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12
Q

ppm in colder areas?

A

1.2 ppm

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13
Q

ppm in warmer areas?

A

0.7 ppm

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14
Q

ppm means?

A

parts per million

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15
Q

ppm for temperate climates?

A

1 ppm

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16
Q

optimal fluoride concentration is ____ppm used for municipal water supplies to prevent dental caries?

A

0.7-12

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17
Q

Most common fluoride used for pts w/ regular recall intervals?

A

2.0% NaF

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18
Q

2.0% NaF is what?

A

Neutral Sodium Fluoride, neural pH of 7.0

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19
Q

Fluoride of choice for dentin hypersensitivity?

A

5% Neutral Sodium NaF Varnish

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20
Q

Which fluoride can be used a cavity liner?

A

5% Neutral Sodium NaF Varnish

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21
Q

Choice of FL2 for children?

A

5% Neutral Sodium NaF Varnish

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22
Q

T/F Fl2 varnishes are safe, effective, fast and easy to apply, and pt acceptance is good

A

True

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23
Q

T/F Varnish has a higher concentration of FL2 than gel/form but over all less amount due to thin layer painted on

A

True

24
Q

Low pH of 3.5 enhances FL2 uptake?

A

1.23% Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride APF

25
Q

FL2 recommended for pt’s at a high risk for caries?

A

1.23% Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride APF

26
Q

Which FL2 etches porcelain, composite restorative material, and sealants?

A

1.23% Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride APF

27
Q

5% NaF has what added with it?

A

tricalcium phosphate

28
Q

Lethal does of FL2 taken at one time for adult and children?

A

5-10 g of NaF (adult)

0.5-1.0 g (children)

29
Q

What can be administer for emergency treatment of FL@ intake if pt is not vomiting?

A
  • Milk
  • Lime Water
  • Milk of magnesium
30
Q

APF stands for?

A

Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride

31
Q

A group of minerals of the general formula Ca10 (PO4) X2 wherein the X might include hydroxyl (OH), carbonat (CO), fluoride (F) or oxygen (O) crystalline mineral component o hard tissue (bones and teeth)

A

Apatite

32
Q

Breakdown of the tooth structure with a loss of mineral content, primarily calcium and phosphorus?

A

Demineralization

33
Q

Decayed, missing, and filled teeth (permanent and primary dentition, respectively?

A

DMFT/dmft

34
Q

The form of hydroxyapatite in which fluoride ions have replaced some of the hydroxyl ions; with fluoride, the apatite is less soluble and therefore more resistant to the acids formed from carbohydrate intake?

A

Fluorapatite

35
Q

Form of enamel hypomineralization due to excessive of fluoride during the development and mineralization of the teeth; depending on the length of exposure and the concentration of the FL2; the fluorosed area may appear as a small white spot or as severe brown staining with pitting?

A

Fluorosis

36
Q

NaF stands for?

A

Neutral Sodium Fluoride

37
Q

Occurs when foods and beverages processed in a fluoridated community are imported and consumed in a nonfluoridated community?

A

Halo or diffusion effect

38
Q

Measure used to designate the amount of FL2 used for optium level in FL2 water, dentifrice and other FL2 containing preparations

A

ppm

39
Q

SnF2 Stands for?

A

Stannous Fluoride

40
Q

Restoration of mineral elements in a tooth surface; enhanced by the presence of FL2; remineralized lesions are more resistant to initiation of dental caries than is normal tooth structure?

A

Remineralization

41
Q

T/F Acute Fluoride poisoning is rare

A

True

42
Q

Symptoms usually begins within how many minutes of ingestion of acute toxic dose?

A

30 mins

43
Q

T/F 99% of the fl2 in the body is located in the mineralized tissues (teeth/bones)

A

True

44
Q

T/F fl2 is distributed by the plasma to all tissues and organs

A

True

45
Q

In utero, hard tissue formation occurs during the?

A

2nd trimester

46
Q

Results in the development of shallower occlusal grooves, reducing the rick of pit and fissure caries is because of the?

A

Pre-eruptive

47
Q

Excessive fl2 during enamel formation and tooth development results in ?

A

Dental fluorosis, the enamel is hypomineralized

48
Q

Action of fl2 is?

A
  • Inhibits demineralization
  • Enhance remineralization of incipient lesions
  • Works as a desenitivation
  • Inhibits bacterial activity by inhibiting enolase to metabolize carbs
  • Inhibits erosion
49
Q

Most fl2 is asborbed in the?

A

Stomach as hydrogen fl2

50
Q

Signs and symptoms of acute toxic dose?

A
  1. Nausea
  2. vomiting
  3. diarrhea
  4. abdominal pain
  5. increased salivation
  6. thirst
51
Q

Refers to rapid intake of an excess dose over a short time?

A

Acute Toxicity

52
Q

Applies to long term ingestion of the fluoride in amounts that exceed the approved therapeutic levels?

A

Chronic toxicity

53
Q

T/F Accidental ingestion of a concentrated fluoride preparation can lead to a toxic reaction

A

True

54
Q

Systemic involvements of ingested fluoride?

A
  1. blood; hypocalcemia
  2. CNS; hyperreflexia, convulsions, parathesis
  3. cardiac failure, respiratory paralysis
55
Q

Chronic toxicity can lead to?

A

Skeletal fluorosis; stiff/painful joints and becoming crippling in later stage

56
Q

5% NaF remains in teeth for number of hours releasing fl2 into what areas?

A

Pits and fissures

Interproximal/cervical areas…where it is needed the most

57
Q

Which fl2 reduces demineralization in white areas around orthodox brackets?

A

5% NaF

DHG 130 (16 decks)

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