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Pharmacology > Exam 1 Ch 3 Pharmacokinetics > Flashcards

Exam 1 Ch 3 Pharmacokinetics Flashcards

1
Q

What does the acronym ADME stand for?

A

Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion

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2
Q

Define absorption

A 
Drug reach systemic circulation
PO- orally
IM- intramuscularly
Transdermal patch 
Etc
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3
Q

Define distribution

A

Drug enter vascular system from the bloodstream into various tissues and organs

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4
Q

Define metabolism

A

Chemical conversion of the drug molecule to another chemical entity referred to as a metabolite
Ex. Liver enzymes

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5
Q

Define excretion

A

Irreversible removal of drug from the body

Ex. Kidney

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6
Q

what is therapeutic range?

A

approximation of the average drug concentration that is safe and effective for most people

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7
Q

what is pharmacodynamics?

A

what the drug does to the body

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8
Q

what assess the drug levels?

A

therapeutic drug monitoring

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9
Q

what is pharmacokinetics?

A

what your body does to the drug

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10
Q

what are the 4 concepts of pharmacokinetics?

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion

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11
Q

what is absorption?

A

how the drug and the amount of the drug that reaches systemic circulation

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12
Q

how does extravascular drug administration effect the absorption?

A

it effects the rate and amount of the drug absorbed

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13
Q

what is the primary effect of oral administration?

A

systemic

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14
Q

which of these is a local extrvascular administration routes

a) subcutaneous
b) oral
c) transdermal
d) intranasal

A

d) intranasal

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15
Q

What does it mean to ‘consider a special population’ when it comes to therapeutic drug monitoring?

A

Drugs affect different people different ways, for example, pregnant patients move drugs quicker while an elderly patient has slower renal and hepatic function so they would require a smaller dosage

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16
Q

What is the drawback of immediate release?

A

drug is lost/destroyed via hydrolysis in the gut making it less available for absorption

17
Q

The E in ADME stands for what?

A

Excretion!!!

Elimination is metabolism AND excretion

18
Q

The liver is most often responsible for drug metabolism. What enzymes are responsible for majority of drug oxidative metabolism?

A

Cytochrome P-450 enzymes

19
Q

What are the normal renal clearance values for males and females?

A

males: 0.7-1.2 mg/dL
female: 0.6-1.1 mg/dL

20
Q

What is the renal clearance value for chronic renal failure?

A

> 3.0 mg/dL

Pharmacology (12 decks)

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