Exam 1 Ch. 2

Question 1

respiratory system

Answer 1

nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 2

alveoli

Answer 2

small hollows or cavities in a structure

Question 3

bronchi

Answer 3

windpipe

Question 4

bronchial tubes

Answer 4

another name for mainstem bronchi, the cartilaginous tubes connecting the trachea to the lungs

Question 5

trachea

Answer 5

windpipe

Question 6

esophagus

Answer 6

the tube connecting the laryngopharynx with the stomach, through which food passes during swallowing

Question 7

lobar bronchi

Answer 7

bronchial passageways connecting the mainstem bronchi with individual lobes of the lungs

Question 8

terminal respiratory bronchioles

Answer 8

the last bronchioles in the respiratory tree, connecting the respiratory tree to the alveoli

Question 9

respiratory skeletal system

Answer 9

cervical, atlas, axis, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx, vertebral foramen, spinous process, transverse process, corpus, ribs, sternum, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle

Question 10

cervical

Answer 10

vertebrae of the thoracic spinal column

7 vertebrae

Question 11

atlas

Answer 11

c1
first vertebrae
supports skull for rotation

Question 12

axis

Answer 12

c2
second vertebrae
supports skull pivoting

Question 13

thoracic vertebrae

Answer 13

vertebra of the thoracic spinal column
12 vertebrae
basis for respiratory framework
posterior point of attachment for the ribs

Question 14

lumbar vertebrae

Answer 14

vertebra of the lumbar spinal column
5 vertebrae
basis for lifting and ambulation (walking)
direct and indirect attachment for a lot of back and ab muscles
posterior fibers for diaphragm

Question 15

sacrum

Answer 15

include S1 - S5

Question 16

coccyx

Answer 16

fused unit of the spinal column at the bottom

Question 17

vertebral foramen

Answer 17

foramen of vertebral segment through which spinal cord passes

Question 18

spinous process

Answer 18

posterior most process of vertebra

Question 19

transverse process

Answer 19

lateral (side) process (sticking out) of vertebra

Question 20

corpus

Answer 20

body

Question 21

ribs

Answer 21

there are twelve, with the lowest two attached by cartilage to the sternum

Question 22

head of the rib

Answer 22

provides articulating surfaces with the spinal column

Question 23

angle of the rib

Answer 23

represents the point at which the rib begins the significant curve in its course forward

Question 24

shaft of rib

Answer 24

the long, relatively straight component of a rib, between he neck and the angle of the rib

Question 25

true rib

Answer 25

consisting of those ribs making direct attachment with the sternum (ribs 1-7)

Question 26

false rib

Answer 26

consisting of those ribs making indirect attachment with the sternum (8-10)

Question 27

floating rib

Answer 27

ribs that do not articulate with the sternum (11 and 12)

Question 28

chondral

Answer 28

cartilaginous

Question 29

parts of the sternum

Answer 29

manubrium sterni, corpus (body) and xiphoid process

Question 30

manubrium sterni

Answer 30

handle of sternum

Question 31

xiphoid process

Answer 31

sword, the part at the bottom of the sternum that sticks out (used for cpr)

Question 32

pectoral girdle

Answer 32

scapula and clavicle "A-frame" of support to distribute force through relatively solid articulation at the scapula through the muscular attachment in the form of the massive muscles of the thorax and back

Question 33

clavicle

Answer 33

collarbone attached to superior sternum (only) laterally to the scapula provides support for the shoulder

Question 34

scapula

Answer 34

shoulder blade attaches to the clavicle muscles attached facilitate flexibility in movement

Question 35

pelvic girdle

Answer 35

ilium, ischium, iliac crest, pubic bone, pubic symphasis

Question 36

ilium

Answer 36

one of the bones of the pelvic girdle large, wing-like bone bulk of support for the abdominal musculature and the prominent hip bone

Question 37

pubic symphysis

Answer 37

point of union between the two pubic bones

Question 38

lung tissue

Answer 38

elastic, spongy tissue for flexibility composite of blood, arterial and venous network, connective tissue, the respiratory pathway, and tissue specialized for gas exchange

Question 39

trachea tissue

Answer 39

``` flexible tube 11 cm in length 16 to 20 hyaline cartilage rings they have a mucous membrane lining gap between the rings is spanned by smooth muscle ```

Question 40

esophagus tissue

Answer 40

retains its collapsed condition except when occupied with a bolus of food being propelled by gravity and peristaltic contractions to the waiting stomach

Question 41

alveoli function

Answer 41

where gas exchange happens

Question 42

mediastinum

Answer 42

place in between the lungs where the heart is encased

Question 43

types of pleurae

Answer 43

visceral, parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, costal, apical

Question 44

visceral pleurae

Answer 44

pleural lining encasing the lungs

Question 45

parietal pleurae

Answer 45

pleural lining of the thoracic cavity

Question 46

mediastinal pleurae

Answer 46

parietal pleural lining covering the mediastinum

Question 47

diaphragmatic pleurae

Answer 47

parietal pleural lining covering the diaphragm

Question 48

costal pleurae

Answer 48

cover the inner surface of the rib cage

Question 49

apical pleurae

Answer 49

parietal pleural linings covering the lung superior aspect

Question 50

quiet inspiration

Answer 50

inspiration that involves minimal muscular activity, primarily that of the diaphragm

Question 51

forced inspiration

Answer 51

inspiration that involves both diaphragm and accessory muscles of inspiration