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A&P of the Speech and Hearing Mechanism > Exam 1 Ch. 2 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Ch. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

respiratory system

A

nasal cavity, oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

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2
Q

alveoli

A

small hollows or cavities in a structure

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3
Q

bronchi

A

windpipe

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4
Q

bronchial tubes

A

another name for mainstem bronchi, the cartilaginous tubes connecting the trachea to the lungs

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5
Q

trachea

A

windpipe

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6
Q

esophagus

A

the tube connecting the laryngopharynx with the stomach, through which food passes during swallowing

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7
Q

lobar bronchi

A

bronchial passageways connecting the mainstem bronchi with individual lobes of the lungs

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8
Q

terminal respiratory bronchioles

A

the last bronchioles in the respiratory tree, connecting the respiratory tree to the alveoli

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9
Q

respiratory skeletal system

A

cervical, atlas, axis, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx, vertebral foramen, spinous process, transverse process, corpus, ribs, sternum, pectoral girdle, pelvic girdle

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10
Q

cervical

A

vertebrae of the thoracic spinal column

7 vertebrae

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11
Q

atlas

A

c1
first vertebrae
supports skull for rotation

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12
Q

axis

A

c2
second vertebrae
supports skull pivoting

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13
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

vertebra of the thoracic spinal column
12 vertebrae
basis for respiratory framework
posterior point of attachment for the ribs

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14
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

vertebra of the lumbar spinal column
5 vertebrae
basis for lifting and ambulation (walking)
direct and indirect attachment for a lot of back and ab muscles
posterior fibers for diaphragm

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15
Q

sacrum

A

include S1 - S5

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16
Q

coccyx

A

fused unit of the spinal column at the bottom

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17
Q

vertebral foramen

A

foramen of vertebral segment through which spinal cord passes

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18
Q

spinous process

A

posterior most process of vertebra

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19
Q

transverse process

A

lateral (side) process (sticking out) of vertebra

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20
Q

corpus

A

body

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21
Q

ribs

A

there are twelve, with the lowest two attached by cartilage to the sternum

22
Q

head of the rib

A

provides articulating surfaces with the spinal column

23
Q

angle of the rib

A

represents the point at which the rib begins the significant curve in its course forward

24
Q

shaft of rib

A

the long, relatively straight component of a rib, between he neck and the angle of the rib

25
Q

true rib

A

consisting of those ribs making direct attachment with the sternum (ribs 1-7)

26
Q

false rib

A

consisting of those ribs making indirect attachment with the sternum (8-10)

27
Q

floating rib

A

ribs that do not articulate with the sternum (11 and 12)

28
Q

chondral

A

cartilaginous

29
Q

parts of the sternum

A

manubrium sterni, corpus (body) and xiphoid process

30
Q

manubrium sterni

A

handle of sternum

31
Q

xiphoid process

A

sword, the part at the bottom of the sternum that sticks out (used for cpr)

32
Q

pectoral girdle

A

scapula and clavicle
“A-frame” of support to distribute force through relatively solid articulation at the scapula through the muscular attachment in the form of the massive muscles of the thorax and back

33
Q

clavicle

A

collarbone
attached to superior sternum (only)
laterally to the scapula
provides support for the shoulder

34
Q

scapula

A

shoulder blade
attaches to the clavicle
muscles attached facilitate flexibility in movement

35
Q

pelvic girdle

A

ilium, ischium, iliac crest, pubic bone, pubic symphasis

36
Q

ilium

A

one of the bones of the pelvic girdle
large, wing-like bone
bulk of support for the abdominal musculature and the prominent hip bone

37
Q

pubic symphysis

A

point of union between the two pubic bones

38
Q

lung tissue

A

elastic, spongy tissue for flexibility
composite of blood, arterial and venous network, connective tissue, the respiratory pathway, and tissue specialized for gas exchange

39
Q

trachea tissue

A 
flexible tube
11 cm in length
16 to 20 hyaline cartilage rings
they have a mucous membrane lining
gap between the rings is spanned by smooth muscle
40
Q

esophagus tissue

A

retains its collapsed condition except when occupied with a bolus of food being propelled by gravity and peristaltic contractions to the waiting stomach

41
Q

alveoli function

A

where gas exchange happens

42
Q

mediastinum

A

place in between the lungs where the heart is encased

43
Q

types of pleurae

A

visceral, parietal, mediastinal, diaphragmatic, costal, apical

44
Q

visceral pleurae

A

pleural lining encasing the lungs

45
Q

parietal pleurae

A

pleural lining of the thoracic cavity

46
Q

mediastinal pleurae

A

parietal pleural lining covering the mediastinum

47
Q

diaphragmatic pleurae

A

parietal pleural lining covering the diaphragm

48
Q

costal pleurae

A

cover the inner surface of the rib cage

49
Q

apical pleurae

A

parietal pleural linings covering the lung superior aspect

50
Q

quiet inspiration

A

inspiration that involves minimal muscular activity, primarily that of the diaphragm

51
Q

forced inspiration

A

inspiration that involves both diaphragm and accessory muscles of inspiration

A&P of the Speech and Hearing Mechanism (4 decks)

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