EXAM #1: CASE I

Question 1

What is the leading (general) cause of OM?

Answer 1

Virus

Question 2

If the causative agent of acute OM is a gram positive cocci in chains, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answer 2

S. pneumoniae

Question 3

What test can you use to tell the difference between Staphyloccoccus and Streptococcus?

Answer 3

Catalase test

Question 4

What is the appropriate antibiotic treatment for S. pneumoniae acute OM?

Answer 4

Amoxicillin

Question 5

In cases of recurrent or unresponsive OM, what is the treatment of choice?

Answer 5

Amoxicillin-clavulanate

Question 6

What are some of the complications associated with OM?

Answer 6

1) TM rupture
2) Tympanosclerosis
3) Cholesteatoma
4) Mastoiditis
5) Lateral sinus thrombosis
6) Meningitis/brain abscess

Question 7

What is the most common cause of fungal otitis externa with septate hyphae?

Answer 7

Aspergillus

Question 8

What is the treatment for a fungal cause of otitis externa?

Answer 8

Azole

Question 9

What is the treatment for bacterial otitis externa?

Answer 9

Neomycin

Question 10

What is the most common cause of sinusitis?

Answer 10

Viral infection

Question 11

How is acute BACTERIAL sinusitis treated?

Answer 11

1) Amoxicillin
2) Decongestants
3) Mucolytics

Question 12

Nasal endoscopy reveals a gram negative rod with a green pigment, what is the most likely organism?

Answer 12

Pseudomonas aerogenes

Question 13

With bacterial sinusitis caused by pseudomonas how should you alter your treatment?

Answer 13

Fluoroquinolones

Question 14

What are the complications of bacterial sinusitis?

Answer 14

1) Meningitis
2) Cavernous sinus thrombosis
3) Meningitis

Question 15

What kind of hemolysis pattern is seen with S. pyogenes?

Answer 15

Beta

Question 16

What is the gold standard for definitive diagnosis of strep throat?

Answer 16

Culture