Exam 1: Atomic Theory Flashcards
Who created the law of conservation of mass?
Lavoisier; 1789
Who created the law of definite proportions?
Proust; 1797
What is the law of conservation of mass?
Matter is neither created nor destroyed; when a chemical reaction is carried out, the total mass of the substances does not change
What is the law of definite proportions?
All samples of a given compound have the same proportions of their constituent elements (regardless of their source or how they were prepared)
Ex: Water will always have 2 Hydrogens and 1 Oxygen
What is the law of multiple proportions?
When two elements form two different compounds with similar bonding, the masses of element B that combine with the same amount of element A can be expressed as a ratio of small whole numbers
Who created the atomic theory?
John Dalton; 1808
What does the atomic theory say?
- Each element is composed of tiny, indestructible particles called atoms
- All atoms of an element have the same mass/other properties that distinguish them from atoms of other elements
- Atoms combine in simple, whole-number ratios to form compounds
- Atoms of one element can’t change into atoms of another
- In chemical reactions, atoms can change the way they are bound together w/ other atoms to form a new substance
Who created the law of multiple proportions?
Dalton; 1804
