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Maternal Child > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of contraception

A

Natural
Chemical
Barrier

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2
Q

Emergency contraception

A

Up to 5 days

Extreme nausea

Clotting risk

Do not smoke

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3
Q

Dysmenorrhea/Pre-menopausal syndrome (PMS)

A

Menstrual pain

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4
Q

PMS treatment

A 
Increase rest
Reduce salt and sugar
Exercise
Manage stress 
SSRI meds- extreme
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5
Q

Dysmenorrhea treatment

A

NSAIDs

Anti-prostaglandin effect

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6
Q

Preconception care vits/supps

A

400 mcg folic acid

Vegan- B12 and Fe

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7
Q

Genetic problems

A

Genetic counseling
Testing

Sometimes before QUAD screen

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8
Q

Preconception care labs

A

CBC
Blood type of both parents (rule out Rh factors)
HIV
STD

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9
Q

Culture, ethnicity and religion

A

No illegal = okay

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10
Q

Common stressors

A 
Socioeconomic (food)
Divorce and remarriage
Family violence
Addictions
Acute or chronic illness
Unplanned or unwanted  pregnancy
Infertility
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11
Q

Initial prenatal assessment

A 
Physical exam
Lab: HIV
Urine: albumin, glucose, harmful bacteria
Mantoux
Genetic testing and counseling
EDD
Initial risk assessment
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12
Q

Return prenatal visits

A 
Weight
BP
Urine
FHT
Edema assessment
Exposure risk: toxoplasmosis
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13
Q

Obstetrics

A

Pregnancy and birth

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14
Q

Response to fatherhood/parenthood

A

1st tri- fear of loss
2nd tri- initial attachment
3rd tri- fear of harming wife or fetus during sexual relation

Throughout- increased romanticism, family participation, anxiety about finances and safe handling baby

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15
Q

Breast health

A

No malformation..
Indentation
Discharge
Pain

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16
Q

Lactation consultant

A

Nipples are flat/inverted
Breast surgery
Argumentation

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17
Q

Presumptive signs of pregnancy

A 
Amenorrhea
Nausea
Frequent urination
Fatigue
Quickening
Breast changes- darker nips
Pigment changes
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18
Q

Probably signs of pregnancy

A

Basal body temp elevation (b4 getting up in am)

Positive test

Cervical, vulvar, vag changes

Uterine changes

Ballottement

Enlargement of abd

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19
Q

Positive signs of pregnancy

A

Ultrasound

Fetal heartbeat- Doppler, fetoscope

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20
Q

Stages of human development

A

Conception and sex determination
Zygote and implantation
Period of embryo (critical 0-60 days)
Period of fetus (blood circulation and amniotic fluid)

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21
Q

Blastocyst

A

7-8 days after fertilization

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22
Q

Implantation risks

A

Too high= detached, pulled

Too low= no labor, dilation effects placenta

23
Q

Maternal changes

A 
Increased breast size
Abd growth
Lordosis
Expanded rib cage
Changed center of Gravity (shift forward)
24
Q

Celphalocaudal principle

A

Infant growth head to toe

25
Q

Normal FHR

A

110-160

26
Q

Fetal circulation complication

A

Ductus venosus and umbilical arteries close

Circulatory issue
Funny baby color
No energy for baby

27
Q

Pica

A

Nonfood craving

28
Q

Preeclampsia

A

Hypertension

S/s
Increase facial swelling
Weight gain

29
Q

QUAD screen tests for

A

16-18 weeks
High and low AFP, hCG, estriol, high inhibin-A

Mothers age
Ethnicity

30
Q

When QUAD should be completed

A 
History of birth defects
35+
Harmful med use
Diabetes
Viral infection during preg
High level of radiation exposure

Genetic counseling of positive

31
Q

Rhogam

A

Rh- mothers
Keep baby’s blood from interacting with mothers

Can treat idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Prevent antibody development to future preg- can terminate

32
Q

MSFAP

A

14-22 weeks

High and low alpha-fetoprotein

Possible genetic disorder

33
Q

High alpha alpha-fetoprotein indication

A

neural tube defect (spina bifida)

anencephaly

Esophagus defect

Failure of infant abd to close

Most common- incorrect dating of preg

34
Q

Low alpha-fetoprotein indication

A

Trisomy 21 (downs)

Trisomy 18 (Edwards syndrome)

35
Q

GTPAL

A

G- gestation
T- how many to term (delivered 37-40 weeks)
P- how many preterm (before 37)
A- abortions (spontaneous or Induced)
L- how many preg resulted in living children

36
Q

Nageles rule

A

EDD/EDC

Determine first day of last period
Add 7 days
Subtract 3 mo

37
Q

What causes nausea and trtmt

A

Increased level HCGF

Small, freq meals

38
Q

Pregnancy validation

A

1st tri

1-13

39
Q

Fetal embodiment

A

2nd tri

14-27

40
Q

Fetal distinction

A

3rd tri

28-term

41
Q

Anemia

A

Hemoglobin below 11.0

Hematocrit below 33%

42
Q

Quickening

A

First baby movement

17-20 weeks

43
Q

Danger: 1st tri

A

Bleeding
Abd cramping
No longer feeling preg

No FHT

44
Q

Danger: 3rd tri

A 
Bleeding
Abd pain
PTL, PPROM, PROM
Decreased fetal movement 
Severe headache
Vision changes
Dizziness
Sudden edema
Epigastric pain
fever, chills, chest pain
45
Q

PIH

A

pregnancy induced hypertension

46
Q

PIH risks

A 
Premature delivery
Seizure
Placental abruption
Stroke
Hemorrhage 
Birth defects
47
Q

PIH s/s

A 
Headache
Visual disturbance
Dizziness
Fluid retention
Weight gain
Epigastric pain

+30 systolic
+15 diastolic

48
Q

PIH treatment

A

Mg sulfate for seizure prevention

Always have Ca gluconate available!!

49
Q

Seizure precautions

A

Low lights
No visitors
Quiet room
Padded bed rails

50
Q

Glucose testing

A

Glucose challenge screening (26-28 weeks)

+ then next test is..

Glucose tolerance test

51
Q

Glucose tolerance test (GTT)

A

Every hour for 3 hours

Abnormal readings..
Fasting 95+
1 hr 180+
2 hrs 155+
3 hrs 140+
52
Q

Meds to attempt to stop labor

A

Terbutaline/ Brethine

Mg Sulfate

Suspected: 1-2 doses betamethasone

53
Q

Betamethasone

A

Premature fetal lung development

Speeds up

Maternal Child (4 decks)

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