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Hist 242 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

“He who commands the sea has command of everything”

A

Themistocles 524-459bc

Greek admiral

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2
Q

The________was the first documented built ship in America. It was built in______at_________.

A

Virginia; 1607; Kennebec, Maine

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3
Q

The Virginia was___masted, and was about________feet long.

A

2; 50-60

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4
Q

The Virginia was an awesomely built ship bought in_________and worked in the English channel for another_____years.

A

England; 15

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5
Q

the__________of the bay was the second documented ship, constructed in the________river in the year______

A

Blessing; mystic; 1631

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6
Q

The blessing of the bay was ordered to be built by Governor____________in order to enhance trade, and was classified as a ____________ ship.

A

John Winthrop; government

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7
Q

The blessing of the bay was a _____masted,____ton schooner that proved there was money to be made for Americans to go to sea.

A

2; 30

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8
Q

In the year_____there was construction of a______ton ship built for transatlantic trade with ________.

A

1641; 300; Europe

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9
Q

What were the years of the English Civil War?

A

1642 to 1651

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10
Q

The English Civil War was the fight between________and_________.

A

Commoners; nobility

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11
Q

Eventually king________was beheaded, and replaced by____________

A

Charles; Oliver Cromwell

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12
Q

During the English Civil War,Americans took over_____fishing in_________.

A

Cod; Nova Scotia

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13
Q

Name the two greatest demands for the cod fish market.

A

Catholics eat fish on Friday, and it was a Cheap, high source of protein for slaves working in the sugar plantations in the west Indies.

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14
Q

In the year 1651,________embraced the concept of_________, Which led to the____________acts.

A

Oliver Cromwell; mercantilism; Navigational

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15
Q

What were the two main purposes of the navigational acts?

A

To encourage English trade and knocked down colonial trade

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16
Q

In 1660___________changed the navigational acts by establishing the concept of___________ goods.

A

Charles the second; enumerated

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17
Q

In 1704 parliament ads________to the enumerated goods.

A

Rice

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18
Q

What goods did parliament add to the enumerated goods list in 1705?

A

Naval stores i.e. lumber, hemp, etc.

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19
Q

In what year did parliament add copper to the enumerated goods?

A

1721

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20
Q

In 1675, __________ establishes the

A

Lords of trade

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21
Q

In the year_____, the _______________ restricted jobs to mother country and colonies only.

A

1696; Board of trade

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22
Q

What is the term used to describe closing all coastal trade to foreign ships?

A

Cabotage

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23
Q

In 1630 the Americans began trading ____________ with the Caribbean in exchange for _____.

A

Cod, grain, and lumber;

Sugar

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24
Q

Sugar was used to make what two things?

A

Rum and molasses

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25
What is Spece?
Gold and silver
26
The Americans began attacking Spanish Armada’s in order to collect more
Spece
27
Who’s was the governor of New York in the late 1600s that guaranteed safety to pirates?
Benjamin Fletcher
28
Even during peacetime governor Benjamin Fletcher would squeeze more money out of the economy by issuing_____________to pirates.
Letters of Marque
29
The Americans built and financed the island of___________with pirate money.
Madagascar
30
In 1701 the___________sent a large royal fleet to Madagascar and captured captain___________, Which was the beginning of the end for piracy.
Lords of admiralty; William Kidd
31
Captain William kid was hung at the mouth of the_________river and left to be displayed.
Thames
32
In 1718 Edward teach also known as__________was sunk
Blackbeard
33
Organized piracy In Europe is dead by the year
1730
34
What is the triangular trade?
North Atlantic trade, American triangular trade, slave trade
35
Where was the focal point of the American slave trade?
Providence Rhode Island
36
In what year was the international slave trade outlawed?
1807
37
In all how many Africans were enslaved by their own people one sent to the New World?
9 million
38
How many African slaves actually made it to America?
Approximately 250,000; The rest were sent to the Caribbean in Brazil; 2.7% came to the United States
39
What was the largest occupation at sea ports?
Seamen
40
Seafaring was the____most common occupation in the colonies; the most common occupation was
2nd; farming
41
On longer voyages discipline would tend to fade resulting in more
Corporal punishment
42
What was a cat o 9 tails?
A whip with metal bits on the end
43
Corporal punishment was outlawed on American ships in
1892
44
What were the only two professions that were beaten on the job?
Mariners and slaves
45
At sea, what were the two most prevalent sources of protein?
Salt horse and hard tack
46
What is duff?
At desert eaten for dinner topped with molasses or raisins
47
What is scurvy?
A lack of vitamin C which leads to terrible results
48
What is scouse?
Dried up sludge from barrels mixed into food that was thought to help prevent scurvy.
49
What were lighters?
Small boats or barges used to offload cargo quickly
50
How many newspapers were circulating in the colonies in 1720?
Three
51
How many newspapers were in the colonies nearing up to the 1760s?
20
52
What remain topics of the newspapers in the colonies during this time.
Pro America, anti-king, anti-Parliament
53
What was the informational superhighway?
Ships
54
What is significant about April 17, 1775?
The battles of Lexington and Concorde; shots heard round the world
55
May 13, 1775 a small British warship known as the__________heads towards Fairhaven Massachusetts and captures two suspicious looking merchant vessels
HMS falcon
56
When was the battle of Fairhaven?
May 13 and 14th 1775
57
Who was the commander of the HMS Margaretta?
Midshipmen James Moore
58
June 12, 1775 the far superior HMS Margaretta was captured by Angry Americans in a small boat known as the
Unity
59
What is a fouling peace?
A shotgun
60
What is a wall piece?
A large rifle with a long barrel
61
The unity was commanded by the first American revolutionary hero
Captain Jeremiah O’Brien
62
What was the first naval battle of the Revolutionary war?
The battle of Machias
63
In 1775 the first shift in the Washington’s navy to go out and come back with a prize was the
The Hannah
64
How many total prizes did the Washington’s navy take?
38
65
What’s the Washington’s navy authorized by the continental Congress?
No
66
In what year did Congress pass a resolution to authorize privateering?
March 19, 1776
67
Who were the most effective contribution to the revolutionary war?
Privateers
68
What is a convoy?
Warships attached to merchant vessels
69
Throughout the war the merchant Marines car over_____British vessels, and____warships.
600; 16
70
In all, over________Americans served in the revolutionary war and between_________died during the war.
55,000; 11 and 12,500
71
How many merchant Marines died in the war?
12,500 or one in four
72
How many merchant Marines died at sea during World War II?
6500
73
What two choices were given to POWs captured at Sea by the British?
Renounce the revolution and join the British Navy or go to prison
74
What prison did you go to if you were caught at sea near Britain?
Mills prison
75
What prison where you taking to if captured by the British near the United States?
Wall about bay near New York City; the old Brooklyn naval yards
76
What were just some of the ills about being at wall about bay?
No medications, dysentery, typhoid, smallpox, yellow fever, food poisoning, starvation, subject to torture
77
Which prison ship at wall about bay house 1100 people?
The RMS jersey, hey 64 gun frigate
78
How many people died each nite on the Jersey?
12, most of which were thrown overboard, some buried on shore in mud flat areas
79
In what year did Brooklynites find a monument dedicated to the privateer’s?
1844
80
In what year was the treaty of Paris?
1783
81
What is merchant marine theorem number one?
“No money, no honey”
82
What was the cargo caring capacity for the US at the end of the war?
0
83
How many articles are in the treaty of Paris?
Three
84
The first article in the treaty of Paris is
Britain recognizes the independence of the United States but no commercial trade
85
What is the second article of the treaty of Paris?
The boundaries of the newly independent nation. Up to the eastern bank of the Mississippi, everything else owned by Spain, we do however get access to the Great Lakes
86
What is article 3 of the treaty of Paris?
American fisherman. Limited access to the East Coast cod drying areas, just enough to get by.

Hist 242 (4 decks)

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