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Hist 242 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

“He who commands the sea has command of everything”

A

Themistocles 524-459bc

Greek admiral

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2
Q

The________was the first documented built ship in America. It was built in______at_________.

A

Virginia; 1607; Kennebec, Maine

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3
Q

The Virginia was___masted, and was about________feet long.

A

2; 50-60

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4
Q

The Virginia was an awesomely built ship bought in_________and worked in the English channel for another_____years.

A

England; 15

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5
Q

the__________of the bay was the second documented ship, constructed in the________river in the year______

A

Blessing; mystic; 1631

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6
Q

The blessing of the bay was ordered to be built by Governor____________in order to enhance trade, and was classified as a ____________ ship.

A

John Winthrop; government

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7
Q

The blessing of the bay was a _____masted,____ton schooner that proved there was money to be made for Americans to go to sea.

A

2; 30

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8
Q

In the year_____there was construction of a______ton ship built for transatlantic trade with ________.

A

1641; 300; Europe

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9
Q

What were the years of the English Civil War?

A

1642 to 1651

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10
Q

The English Civil War was the fight between________and_________.

A

Commoners; nobility

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11
Q

Eventually king________was beheaded, and replaced by____________

A

Charles; Oliver Cromwell

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12
Q

During the English Civil War,Americans took over_____fishing in_________.

A

Cod; Nova Scotia

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13
Q

Name the two greatest demands for the cod fish market.

A

Catholics eat fish on Friday, and it was a Cheap, high source of protein for slaves working in the sugar plantations in the west Indies.

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14
Q

In the year 1651,________embraced the concept of_________, Which led to the____________acts.

A

Oliver Cromwell; mercantilism; Navigational

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15
Q

What were the two main purposes of the navigational acts?

A

To encourage English trade and knocked down colonial trade

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16
Q

In 1660___________changed the navigational acts by establishing the concept of___________ goods.

A

Charles the second; enumerated

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17
Q

In 1704 parliament ads________to the enumerated goods.

A

Rice

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18
Q

What goods did parliament add to the enumerated goods list in 1705?

A

Naval stores i.e. lumber, hemp, etc.

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19
Q

In what year did parliament add copper to the enumerated goods?

A

1721

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20
Q

In 1675, __________ establishes the

A

Lords of trade

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21
Q

In the year_____, the _______________ restricted jobs to mother country and colonies only.

A

1696; Board of trade

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22
Q

What is the term used to describe closing all coastal trade to foreign ships?

A

Cabotage

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23
Q

In 1630 the Americans began trading ____________ with the Caribbean in exchange for _____.

A

Cod, grain, and lumber;

Sugar

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24
Q

Sugar was used to make what two things?

A

Rum and molasses

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25
Q

What is Spece?

A

Gold and silver

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26
Q

The Americans began attacking Spanish Armada’s in order to collect more

A

Spece

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27
Q

Who’s was the governor of New York in the late 1600s that guaranteed safety to pirates?

A

Benjamin Fletcher

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28
Q

Even during peacetime governor Benjamin Fletcher would squeeze more money out of the economy by issuing_____________to pirates.

A

Letters of Marque

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29
Q

The Americans built and financed the island of___________with pirate money.

A

Madagascar

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30
Q

In 1701 the___________sent a large royal fleet to Madagascar and captured captain___________, Which was the beginning of the end for piracy.

A

Lords of admiralty; William Kidd

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31
Q

Captain William kid was hung at the mouth of the_________river and left to be displayed.

A

Thames

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32
Q

In 1718 Edward teach also known as__________was sunk

A

Blackbeard

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33
Q

Organized piracy In Europe is dead by the year

A

1730

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34
Q

What is the triangular trade?

A

North Atlantic trade, American triangular trade, slave trade

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35
Q

Where was the focal point of the American slave trade?

A

Providence Rhode Island

36
Q

In what year was the international slave trade outlawed?

A

1807

37
Q

In all how many Africans were enslaved by their own people one sent to the New World?

A

9 million

38
Q

How many African slaves actually made it to America?

A

Approximately 250,000; The rest were sent to the Caribbean in Brazil; 2.7% came to the United States

39
Q

What was the largest occupation at sea ports?

A

Seamen

40
Q

Seafaring was the____most common occupation in the colonies; the most common occupation was

A

2nd; farming

41
Q

On longer voyages discipline would tend to fade resulting in more

A

Corporal punishment

42
Q

What was a cat o 9 tails?

A

A whip with metal bits on the end

43
Q

Corporal punishment was outlawed on American ships in

A

1892

44
Q

What were the only two professions that were beaten on the job?

A

Mariners and slaves

45
Q

At sea, what were the two most prevalent sources of protein?

A

Salt horse and hard tack

46
Q

What is duff?

A

At desert eaten for dinner topped with molasses or raisins

47
Q

What is scurvy?

A

A lack of vitamin C which leads to terrible results

48
Q

What is scouse?

A

Dried up sludge from barrels mixed into food that was thought to help prevent scurvy.

49
Q

What were lighters?

A

Small boats or barges used to offload cargo quickly

50
Q

How many newspapers were circulating in the colonies in 1720?

A

Three

51
Q

How many newspapers were in the colonies nearing up to the 1760s?

A

20

52
Q

What remain topics of the newspapers in the colonies during this time.

A

Pro America, anti-king, anti-Parliament

53
Q

What was the informational superhighway?

A

Ships

54
Q

What is significant about April 17, 1775?

A

The battles of Lexington and Concorde; shots heard round the world

55
Q

May 13, 1775 a small British warship known as the__________heads towards Fairhaven Massachusetts and captures two suspicious looking merchant vessels

A

HMS falcon

56
Q

When was the battle of Fairhaven?

A

May 13 and 14th 1775

57
Q

Who was the commander of the HMS Margaretta?

A

Midshipmen James Moore

58
Q

June 12, 1775 the far superior HMS Margaretta was captured by Angry Americans in a small boat known as the

A

Unity

59
Q

What is a fouling peace?

A

A shotgun

60
Q

What is a wall piece?

A

A large rifle with a long barrel

61
Q

The unity was commanded by the first American revolutionary hero

A

Captain Jeremiah O’Brien

62
Q

What was the first naval battle of the Revolutionary war?

A

The battle of Machias

63
Q

In 1775 the first shift in the Washington’s navy to go out and come back with a prize was the

A

The Hannah

64
Q

How many total prizes did the Washington’s navy take?

A

38

65
Q

What’s the Washington’s navy authorized by the continental Congress?

A

No

66
Q

In what year did Congress pass a resolution to authorize privateering?

A

March 19, 1776

67
Q

Who were the most effective contribution to the revolutionary war?

A

Privateers

68
Q

What is a convoy?

A

Warships attached to merchant vessels

69
Q

Throughout the war the merchant Marines car over_____British vessels, and____warships.

A

600; 16

70
Q

In all, over________Americans served in the revolutionary war and between_________died during the war.

A

55,000; 11 and 12,500

71
Q

How many merchant Marines died in the war?

A

12,500 or one in four

72
Q

How many merchant Marines died at sea during World War II?

A

6500

73
Q

What two choices were given to POWs captured at Sea by the British?

A

Renounce the revolution and join the British Navy or go to prison

74
Q

What prison did you go to if you were caught at sea near Britain?

A

Mills prison

75
Q

What prison where you taking to if captured by the British near the United States?

A

Wall about bay near New York City; the old Brooklyn naval yards

76
Q

What were just some of the ills about being at wall about bay?

A

No medications, dysentery, typhoid, smallpox, yellow fever, food poisoning, starvation, subject to torture

77
Q

Which prison ship at wall about bay house 1100 people?

A

The RMS jersey, hey 64 gun frigate

78
Q

How many people died each nite on the Jersey?

A

12, most of which were thrown overboard, some buried on shore in mud flat areas

79
Q

In what year did Brooklynites find a monument dedicated to the privateer’s?

A

1844

80
Q

In what year was the treaty of Paris?

A

1783

81
Q

What is merchant marine theorem number one?

A

“No money, no honey”

82
Q

What was the cargo caring capacity for the US at the end of the war?

A

0

83
Q

How many articles are in the treaty of Paris?

A

Three

84
Q

The first article in the treaty of Paris is

A

Britain recognizes the independence of the United States but no commercial trade

85
Q

What is the second article of the treaty of Paris?

A

The boundaries of the newly independent nation. Up to the eastern bank of the Mississippi, everything else owned by Spain, we do however get access to the Great Lakes

86
Q

What is article 3 of the treaty of Paris?

A

American fisherman. Limited access to the East Coast cod drying areas, just enough to get by.

Hist 242 (4 decks)

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