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Intro to Astronomy > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How far is the moon from earth?

A

About 30 times Earth’s diameter

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2
Q

How big is the Moon’s diameter in comparison to the Earth?

A

1/4

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3
Q

What is order of planets?

A

Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune

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4
Q

What is the point directly above your head?

A

Zenith

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5
Q

What is where the dome meets Earth?

A

Horizon

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6
Q

The path planets take to orbit

A

Ecliptic

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7
Q

How many sectors are constellations split into?

A

88 sectors

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8
Q

Who believed in spherical Earth?

A

Pythagoras, Artistotle

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9
Q

The more distant the source, the _____ the angle between rays.

A

Smaller

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10
Q

What was Ptolemy’s greatest contribution to astronomy?

A

Geometric representation of solar system predicting position of the planets for any desired date and time

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11
Q

Epicycle

A

Small orbit around each planet

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12
Q

Who created the heliocentric model?

A

Copernicus

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13
Q

What are Kepler’s three laws?

A

(1) Ellipse
(2) Faster near sun vs farther
(3) Square of planet’s orbital period directly proportional to cube of semimajor axis of its orbit.

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14
Q

What are Newton’s laws of motion?

A

(1) State of rest / movement unless changed by outside force
(2) Change of motion is proportional to + in direction of force acting on it
(3) For every action, there’s an equal + opposite reaction

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15
Q

Summer Solstice

A

June 21 - South hemisphere in constant darkness

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16
Q

Winter Solstice

A

Dec 21 - North hemisphere in constant darkness

17
Q

What is tilt of Earth’s axis?

A

23.5 degrees

18
Q

Spring Tide

A

Moon —– Sun, higher tides than normal

19
Q

Neap Tide

A

Moon right angle from sun, lower tides

20
Q

Solar Eclipse

A

Sun covered by Moon

21
Q

Lunar Eclipse

A

Moon covered by Earth’s shadow

22
Q

Electromagnetic Radiation Types (shortest wavelength –> longest)

A 
Gamma Rays
X-Rays
UV
Visible
Infrared
Microwave
Radio
23
Q

Lowest energy photo

A

Violet

24
Q

Highest energy photon

A

Red

25
Q

Continuous Spectrum

A

ex. rainbow

26
Q

Absorption

A

Dark lines / missing colors

27
Q

Emission Spectrum

A

bright lines

Intro to Astronomy (13 decks)

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