EXAM 1

Question 1

Cognitive Effect

Answer 1

Concerns how you think, knowledge and beliefs

Question 2

Behavioral Effect

Answer 2

concerns what you do, concrete responses to messages. Observable

Question 3

Affective Effect

Answer 3

Concerns how you feel, generates an attitude

Question 4

Content-Irrelevant Effect

Answer 4

Time/Activity displacement effects, taking time away from…

Question 5

Content-Dependent Effect

Answer 5

Watch violent movie -> becoming aggressive

Question 6

Intended Effect

Answer 6

Persuasive campaigns

Question 7

Unintended Effect

Answer 7

The effect was not intended by the media producers

Question 8

Micro Effects

Answer 8

smaller individual effects probably?

Question 9

Macro Effects

Answer 9

Effects could have societal information

Question 10

Long-Term Effect

Answer 10

enduring, cumulative, delayed effects

Question 11

Short-Term Effect

Answer 11

Changes take place right after exposure to the message

Question 12

Encoding

Answer 12

Process of message construction

Question 13

Decoding

Answer 13

Audience and effects, understanding, interpreting, and applying

Question 14

Synthesis

Answer 14

any given media influence can be described as a combination of different dimensions of effects

Question 15

Why do people study mass Comm?

Answer 15

application to public policy

benefits for media consumers

Question 16

Federal Agencies

Answer 16

FCC
FTC
The Commission on Civil Rights
House and Senate subcommittees
Special Presidential Commissions

Question 17

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Answer 17

Use of broadcast waves/ signals

Content diversity/ sex and violence in the media

Question 18

The Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Answer 18

advertising

media ownership concentration

Question 19

Three Criteria for Causaity

Answer 19

correlation
time order
nonspuriousness

Question 20

Conditional Effects

Answer 20

Moderators
Different people are effected by the same content
Categories

Question 21

Indirect Effects

Answer 21

Mediator

media use generates changes in a variable, which in turn produces changes in dependent variable

Question 22

Cross-sectional survey

Answer 22

surveying a single sample of some population at one time

Question 23

Longitudinal Survey

Answer 23

Surveying at multiple times

Trend Survey
Cohort Survey
Panel Survey

Question 24

Trend Survey

Answer 24

Uncovering over-time trends in a society

Question 25

Cohort Survey

Answer 25

Uncovering changes occurring to a generational group over time The individuals surveyed are not the same individuals but belong to the same generational cohort

Question 26

Panel Survey

Answer 26

uncovering changes occurring to individuals Long term media effects retention is an issue can be costly

Question 27

Treatment Group

Answer 27

IV is different in this group

Question 28

Non-Treatment group

Answer 28

Control group

Question 29

Randomization

Answer 29

randomly select participants rule so the groups are equivalent

Question 30

Manipulation of IV

Answer 30

in order to see whether the changes in IV lead to corresponding changes in DV

Question 31

Comm Research for Public Policy

Answer 31

usually paid for by FCC

Question 32

Comm Research for Producers

Answer 32

can help media people make their ads persuasive

Question 33

Comm Research for Audiences

Answer 33

Can provide parents and educators with important info about media, and helps consumers understand how to mitigate negative effects

Question 34

Comm Research for Theory Building

Answer 34

helps understand why and how media effects occur

Question 35

Folk Wisdom

Answer 35

loaded with "truth" and considered accepted knowledge (not always valid)

Question 36

Authority

Answer 36

Truth is established through a trusted source such as religious leaders, gov officials, and experts

Question 37

Science

Answer 37

Logical, Systematic, Empirical, helps us avoid human errors

Question 38

Goals of Science

Answer 38

Explanation and understanding, prediction, and control

Question 39

Selective Observation

Answer 39

tend to focus only on certain events that support our interests and ignore others

Question 40

overgeneralization

Answer 40

take one or a few observations and say it represents a group that it doesnt

Question 41

Ways to get around human error

Answer 41

anonymous peer reviewers and representative samples, replications

Question 42

Mystification

Answer 42

belief that certain things are unknowable

Question 43

Spuriousness

Answer 43

caused by a third variable

Question 44

conditional

Answer 44

not everyone may be affected the same way, same media can cause different effects

Question 45

Meta-Analysis

Answer 45

review previous studies on the same topic, synthesize the findings