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Structure of the human body > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Sagittal plane

A

Dividing the midline (face) in half

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2
Q

Parasaggital

A

dividing the midline, but away from center

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3
Q

Coronal/frontal

A

Perpendicular to sagittal, divides the side in half

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4
Q

Transverse/Axial/Horiziontal

A

Divides the body in to top and bottom.

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5
Q

Pronation

A

Rotating hand so that palm is now facing down

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6
Q

Supination

A

Rotating the hand so that the palm is now facing up.

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7
Q

Definition of back:

A

Body from base of sKull to illac crest

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8
Q

Where is the superior angle of scapula?

A

T1-T2

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9
Q

Where is the inferior angle of Scapula?

A

T7

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10
Q

Where is the illiac crest located in reference to the spine?

A

T7

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11
Q

Erector Spinae

A

Innervation: Dorsal Rami of spinal nerves
Function: keeping erect posture

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12
Q

Thoracolumbar Fascia

A

Continous with aponeurosis of Latissimus Dorsi

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13
Q

Muscles of the back acting on ribs for respiration

A

Serratus posterior superior

Serratus posterior inferior

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14
Q

Suboccipital Triangle

A 
Borders:
Rectus capitis posterior major
Obliquus capitis superior
Obliquus capitis inferior
Contents: 
Suboccipital nerve
Vertebral artery
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15
Q

Trapezius

A

Innervation: CN XI
Origin: C7-T12, External occipital protuberance
Insertion: Lateral clavicle, Acromion, Spine of Scapula
Action: Elevates, Retracts, Depresses, and rotates scapula upward

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16
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A

Innervation: Thoracodorsal
Origin: T7-L5, Iliac crest
Insertion: Intertubular groove of humerus
Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerous

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17
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

Innervation: Long Thoracic
Origin: Upper 8 ribs
Insertion: Medial border of scapula
Action: Rotate scapula upward, pulls toward anterior thoracic wall (retraction)

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18
Q

Greater Occipital nerve

A

Origin: C2
SMB: Sensory
Innervation: Upper half of skin in back

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19
Q

Thoracodorsal

A

Origin: C6, C7, C8

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20
Q

Long thoracic

A

Origin: C5, C6, C7

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21
Q

Dorsal Scapular

A

Origin: C5

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22
Q

Rhomboid Minor

A

Innervation: Dorsal scapular
Origin:Minor: C7-T1.
Insertion: Medial border of Scapula
Action: Retract scapula

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23
Q

Rhomboid Major

A

Innervation: Dorsal scapular
Origin: Major: T2-T5
Insertion: Medial border of Scapula
Action: Retract scapula

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24
Q

Triangle of auscultation

A 
Borders: 
Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi
Scapula
Contents:
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25
Q

Triangular Space

A 
Borders:
Teres Major
Teres Minor
Long head of Triceps
Contents:
Scapular Circumflex artery
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26
Q

Lumbar Triangle

A 
Borders:
Latissimus dorsi
External Abdominal Oblique 
Illium
Floor: 
internal abdominal oblique 
(herniations occur often here)
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27
Q

Quadrangular space

A 
Borders:
Teres Major
Teres Minor
Long head of triceps
Humerus
Contents:
Axillary nerve
Posterior Circumflex humeral artery
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28
Q

Cervical Vertebrae

A 
C1(Atlas): no body or spinous process. 
C2: Dens, bifid SP
C3-C7: Bifid SP, Transverse foramen, 
C7: LOOONG spinous process
Facets: superior and inferior facing
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29
Q

Thoracic Vertebrae

A 
Costal facets (articulation with ribs, on transverse process and body)
Posterior facing articular process
Spinous process points down
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30
Q

Lumbar Vertebrae

A

Long, slender transverse process
Accessory processes
Articular facets face medially

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31
Q

Sacral Vertebrae

A

Fused

Articulate with coxal bones

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32
Q

Coccygeal vertebrae

A

4

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33
Q

Intervertebral discs

A

C2-L5
Annulus fibrosus
Nucleus pulposus

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34
Q

Primary Curvature

A

Thoracic (anteriorly)

Sacral (anteriorly)

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35
Q

Secondary Curvatures

A

Cervical (posteriorly)

Lumbar (posteriorly)

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36
Q

Kyphosis

A

Exaggerated primary (hunch back)

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37
Q

Lordosis

A

Exaggerated secondary (swayback)

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38
Q

Scoliosis

A

Lateral deviation of lumbar collumn

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39
Q

Spine ligaments from Anterior to posterior

A 
Anterior longitudinal
Posterior longitudinal
Ligamentum flavum
Interspinous
Supraspinous
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40
Q

Dentate ligaments

A

Lateral extensions of Pia mater

Makes the filum terminal internum

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41
Q

Deep fascia

A

Pectoral Fascia
Axillary Fascia
Clavicpectoral fascia

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42
Q

Suprascapular Notch

A

Suprascapular Artery and nerve (Army over Navy under/Anybody over Notre Dame)

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43
Q

Triangular Interval

A 
Border:
Teres Major
long head of triceps
lateral head of triceps
contents:
Profunda brachii
Radial nerve
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44
Q

Pectoral Fascia

A

Superior border: clavicle + sternum
Inferior: Fascia of abdominal wall
Invests into pectoralis major

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45
Q

Axillary Fascia

A

Continuous with Pectoral fascia laterally

Forms floor of axilla

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46
Q

Clavipectoral

A

Deep to Pec. Major
Comes from clavicle
Encloses subclavius and pec minor
becomes supensory ligament of axilla

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47
Q

Dermatones C5

A

Clavicles

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48
Q

Dermatones T4

A

Level of niples

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49
Q

Dermatone T10

A

Level of umbilicus

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50
Q

Dermatone T1

A

Goes down medial/center part of arm

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51
Q

Supraclavicular nerve

A

Origin: C3-C4
Location:anterior to clavicle
Supplies skin of clavicle

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52
Q

Superior Lateral Brachial Cutaneous nerve

A

Origin: C5-C6
Cutaneous branch of Axillary nerve
Supplies skin over deltoid

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53
Q

Clavicle Attachments

A 
Superior surface:
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Deltoid 
Subclavius
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54
Q

Pectoralis Major

A

Innervation: Lateral and Medial pectoral nerve
Origin: Medial clavicle, sternum
Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: Adductor and medial rotator of humerus
Key: two heads

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55
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A

Innervation: Medial pectoral nerve
Origin: Ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process
Action: Depress and protract scapula

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56
Q

Subclavius Muscle

A

Innervation: Subclavius nerve
Origin: First rib
Insertion: Clavicle (inf.)
Action: Stabilize clavicle

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57
Q

Deltoid Muscle

A

Innervation: Axillary nerve
Origin: Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity
Action: Anterior: Flex and medially rotate arm. Middle: Abducts arm (top 85%). Posterior: Extends and laterally rotates arm

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58
Q

Teres Major

A

Innervation: Lower subscapular nerve
Origin: Inferior border of scapula
Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: Adducts arm. Medially rotates shoulder.

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59
Q

Teres Minor

A

Innervation: Axillary nerve
Origin: Lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: Laterally rotates arm. Holds humerus in glenoid cavity

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60
Q

Rotator cuff muscles

A 
SItS
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
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61
Q

Supraspinatus

A 
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve
Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Action: Helps adduct arm w/ Deltoid (bottom 15%)
Rotator cuff muscle
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62
Q

Infraspinatus

A 
Innervation: Suprascapular nerve
Origin: Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle
Action: Lateral rotation of arm. Holds Humerus in glenoid cavity.
Rotator cuff muscle
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63
Q

Subscapularis

A 
Innervation: Subscapular nerve (upper and lower)
Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle
Action: Medial rotation of the arm
Rotator cuff muscle
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64
Q

Axilla

A 
Contents:
Axillary Artery
Lateral Cord
Posterior Cord
Medial Cord
Axillary lymph nodes
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65
Q

Axillary Artery Branches

A

From: Subclavian
Becomes: Brachial Artery

Branches:
Part 1 (1): Rib1-Pec minor
Superior thoracic artery

Part 2 (2): Under pec. minor
Thoracoacromial trunk
Lateral Thoracic Artery

Part 3(3): Lat. Pec. Minor to inf. Teres Major.
Subscapular Artery
Anterior Circumflex humeral artery
Posterior Circumflex Humeral artery

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66
Q

Subscapular artery

A

From the third part of Axillary artery.
Divides into:
Circumflex scapular artery
Thoracodorsal artery.

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67
Q

Posterior Circumflex Humeral Artery

A

Branch of axillary artery, passes through quadrangular space.

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68
Q

What glands are on the areolae?

A

Sebaceous glands (glands of Montgomery)

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69
Q

What is the lobule?

A

Functional unit of the breast tissue.

Drained by single lactiferous duct.

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70
Q

How many individual lobules per breast?

A

15-20.

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71
Q

What is the suspensory ligament of Cooper?

A

Gland connecting skin to superficial fascia, separating the glandular tissue.

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72
Q

Arterial supply to breasts?

A

(medial) Internal Thoracic
Lateral thoracic
Posterior intercostal

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73
Q

Venous drainage of the breast?

A

Axillary vain

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74
Q

Cutaneous innervation of breasts

A

4th to 6th intercostal nerves.

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75
Q

Lymphatic drainage of breasts

A

Has role in metastasis.
Most lymph drains to the axillary lymph notes.
CLASP
Central, lateral, Apical, Subscapular, and Pectoral nodes

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76
Q

Frequency of breast cancer in breast

A

Superior lateral > areolar. Superior Medial > Inferior lateral > inferior medial

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77
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major

A

Innervation: Suboccipital (C1)
Origin: Spinous process of axis
Insertion: Inferior nuchal line
Action: Ipsilateral rotation, extension

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78
Q

Rectus Capitis posterior minor

A

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve
Origin: Posterior arch of atlas
Insertion: Inferior nuchal line
Action: Extension

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79
Q

Obliquus capitis Superior

A

Innervation: Suboccipital nerve
Origin: Transverse process of atlas
Insertion: Inferior nuchal line
Action: Abduction and extension

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80
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior

A

Innervation: suboccipital nerve
Origin: Spinous process Axis (C2)
Insertion: Transverse process of atlas (C1)
Action: Rotates head to contracted side.

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81
Q

Transverse suprascapular ligament

A

Over Great Scapular Notch
Over: Suprascapular artery
Under: Suprascapular nerve

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82
Q

What inserts on greater tubercle?

A

Supraspinatus (only one that does not laterally rotate)
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

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83
Q

What inserts on lesser tubercle?

A

Subscapularis

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84
Q

What inserts on intertubercular fossa?

A

Latissimus Dorsi
Teres Major
Pectoral Major

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85
Q

Anastomosis

A

Circumflex Scapular Suprascapular artery

Anterior circumflex humeral artery posterior circumflex humeral artery

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86
Q

Screw The Lawyer, Save A Patient

A 
Superior thoracic artery
Thoracoacromial artery
Lateral thoracic artery
Subscapular artery
Anterior humeral circumflex artery
Posterior humeral circumflex artery
87
Q

Levator Scapulae

A

Innervation: Dorsal Scapular nerve
Origin: Transverse process of C1-C3
Insertion: Superior angle of scapula
Action: Elevates scapula, extends head

88
Q

Serratus posterior superior

A

Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Origin: Nuchal ligament
Insertion: Ribs 2-5
Action: Elevates ribs (respiration)

89
Q

Serratus posterior inferior

A

Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Origin: Vertebrae T11-L2
Insertion: Ribs 9-12)
Action: Depress lower libs (expiration)

90
Q

Semispinalis capitis

A

Innervation: Dorsal rami
Action: Extends head

91
Q

Splenius capitis

A

Innervation: Dorsal rami
Origin: Transverse process of T6-12
Insertion: Mastoid process
Action: Extends vertebral column, ipsilateral rotation, abduction

92
Q

What attaches to the coracoid process?

A

Three muscles:
Pec Minor
Short head of biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis

93
Q

Triceps Brachii

A 
Innervation: Radial nerve
Origin:
Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle
Lateral head: upper half of humerus 
Medial head: Posterior shaft of humerus
Insertion: olecranon process of ulna
Action:
 Long: Adducts arm, extends shoulder
Medial and lateral: extend forearm at elbow
94
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A

Innervation: Spinal accessory
Origin:
Sternal head: Manubrium
Clavicular head: Medial 1/3rd of clavicle.
Insertion: Mastoid process
Action:
Abducts/adducts, contralateral rotation, flex neck.

95
Q

Platysma

A

Innervation: Facial nerve CN:VII
Origin: Skin over pectoral region
Insertion: Mandible
Action: Depress mandible, tenses lower neck skin.

96
Q

Omohyoid

A 
Innervation: 
Ansa Cervicalis
Origin:superior scapular border
Insertion: Hyoid bone
Action: Depresses hyoid and larynx
Part of anterior strap.
97
Q

Anterior scalene

A

Innervation: C4-C6
Origin: Transverse process of C3-C6/1st rib
Insertion: First rib
Action: Elevates rib, Flex, abduction

98
Q

Middle Scalene

A 
Innervation:  Ventral rami of C3-C8
Origin: Transverse process of all of cervical
Insertion: 1st rib
Action:Elevates rib for respiration
Abduction
99
Q

Posterior scalene

A

Innervation: Ventral rami C7-C8
Origin: C5-C7 transverse processes
Insertion:2nd rib
Action: elevates rib for respiration, abduction, ipsilateral rotation .

100
Q

Investing Layer of dense connective tissue

A

Attaches to ligamentum nuchae and spinous process of C7

Encloses trapezius and sternocleidomastoid, surrounds everything

101
Q

Investing Fascia

A

Invests: Trapezius, Infrahyoid muscles

102
Q

Pretracheal fascia

A

Continuous with carotid sheath and buccopharyngeal

Contains: Thyroid, trachea/larynx

103
Q

Carotid sheath

A 
Contents:
Common Carotid artery
Internal Carotid artery
Vegas nerve
Internal jugular
104
Q

Prevertebral (deep cervical) Fascia

A

Covers vertebral musculature

105
Q

Posterior Triangle

A 
Boundaries: 
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Clavicle
Floor: 
Paravertebral Fascia (splenius capitis, levator Scapulae, Scalene Anterior, middle, and posterior)
Divides into:
Occipital triangle
Omoclavicular triangle
106
Q

Occipital triangle

A 
Borders: 
Sternocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Inferior belly of omohyoid
Contains: 
Cervical plexus (cutaneous)
Spinal Accessory nerve.
Transverse cervical artery
107
Q

Omoclavicular triangle

A

Boundaries:
Omohyoid inferior belly, clavicle
Sternocleidomastoid

108
Q

Sensory branches of cervical plexus (anterior to posterior)

A

Transverse cervical
Greater aurical
Lesser occipital
Supraclavicular

109
Q

What is Erb’s point?

A

The point at which sensory cutaneous nerves from cervical plexus become superficial.

110
Q

Supraclavicular Triangle

A 
Below omohyoid
Contents:
Lower part of brachial plexus
Subclavian artery + vein
Branches off subclavian artery
External jugular vein (above Sternocleidomastoid).
111
Q

Where can you see the external jugular vein?

A

Below the Sternocleidomastoid, alongside the Great auricular nerve.

112
Q

Where can you see Phrenic nerve in neck?

A

Lies on top of the Anterior Scalene

113
Q

Describe the position of Subclavian vein, Subclavian artery, and the scalene muscles.

A

Subclavian vein runs superficial to anterior scalene

Subclavian artery runs deep to anterior scalene, but superficial to the middle scalene.

114
Q

Thyrocervical artery

A 
From: Subclavian
Branches:
Inferior thyroid
Transverse cervical
Suprascapular
Ascending cervical
115
Q

ITSA DEEP SUPREME

A

ITSA (branches of thyrocervical)

Deep + Supreme (branches of costocervical)

116
Q

Branches of thoracoacromial

A 
Dead People Are Cadavers
Deltoid
Pectoral
Acromial
Clavicular
117
Q

Proximal Subclavian branches

A

Vertebral
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical

118
Q

Medial branches of subclavian

A

Costocervical

divides into Deep cervical and Supreme thoracic

119
Q

Biceps Brachii

A

Innervation: Musculocutaneous (C6 and C7)
Origin:
Long (lateral): supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head: coracoid process
Insertion: Radial tuberosity (bicipital aponeurosis)
Action: Supinates forearm, flexes forearm at elbow, flexes arm at shoulder

120
Q

Brachialis

A

Innervation: Musculocutaneous and radial (C7)
Origin: Bottom half of humerus (anterior)
Insertion: Coronoid process in ulna
Action: Flex forearm at elbow

121
Q

Coracobrachialis

A 
Innervation: 
Musculocutaneous
Origin: Tip coracoid process
Insertion: medial middle of humerus
Action:Flex and adduct arm at shoulder.
122
Q

Pronator teres

A

Innervation: Median
Origin: Medial epicondyle humerus
Insertion: Lateral Radius
Action: Pronates arm, flexes elbow

123
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A

Innervation: Median
Origin: Medial epicondyle, humerus
Insertion: 2nd metacarpal bone
Action: Flexes hand and wrist

124
Q

Palmaris longus

A

Innervation: Median
Origin: Medial epicondyle
Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis
Action: Flexes hand at wrist, tightens palmar aponeurosis

125
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris

A 
Innervation: Ulnar
Origin: 
Humeral H: medial epicondyle 
Ulnar H: olecranon process
Insertion: 5th metacarpal
Action: Flexes/adducts hand
126
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Innervation: Median
Origin: Medial epicondyle + sup/ant radius
Insertion: middle phalanges on edges (2-5)
Action: flexes middle phalanges 1-4, flexes wrist, flexes forearm

127
Q

Flexor digitorum profundis

A

Innervation: Ulnar (medial) and Median (lateral)
Origin: Anterior/medial ulna
Insertion: distal phalanges of metacarpals 1-4 (between F. digitorum superficialis tendons)
Action: Flex distal phalanges, flex wrist.

128
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A

Innervation: Anterior interosseous
Origin: anterior radius
Insertion: base of distal phalanx of thumb
Action: flexes phalanges of 1st digit.

129
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

Innervation: Anterior interosseous
Origin: anterior ulna
Insertion: anterior radius
Action: pronates forearm

130
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Innervation: Radial nerve
Origin: Medial humerus
Insertion: Distal/lateral radius
Action: Flexes forearm at elbow

131
Q

Anconeus

A

Innervation: Deep Radial (C5-T1)
Origin: Lat. epicondyle, humerus
Insertion: olecranon process
Action: Extend elbow

132
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus

A

Innervation: Radial
Origin: Lat. Humerus
Insertion: Base of metacarpal 2.
Action: Extend and abduct hand

133
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

A

Innervation: Radial
Origin: Lateral epicondyle
Insertion: base of metacarpal 3
Action: Extend and abduct hand

134
Q

Extensor digitorum

A

Innervation: Posterior interosseous
Origin: Lat. Epicondyle
Insertion: Distal and middle phalanges (post.)
Action: Extend medial 4 digits at MCP joints, extend hand

135
Q

Extensor digiti minimi

A

Innervation: Post. Interosseus
Origin: Lat. Epicondyle, humerus
Insertion: Extensor expansion of digit 5
Action: Extend 5th digit at MCP and IP joints

136
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Innervation: Post. Interosseus
Origin: Lat. epicondyle
Insertion: Base of 5th metacarpal
Action: Extend and adduct hand

137
Q

Abductor pollicis longus

A

Innervation: Posterior interosseous
Origin: Post. Ulna, radius, ISM
Insertion: Base of 1st metacarpal
Action: Abduct thumb and extend it at CMC

138
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis

A

Innervation: Posterior interosseous
Origin: Post. Radius, ISM
Insertion: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb
Action: extend thumb at CMC joint.

139
Q

Extensor pollicis longus

A

Innervation: Post. Interosseus
Origin: Post. Ulna and ISM
Insertion: Distal phalanx of thumb
Action: Extend thumb at MCP and IP joints

140
Q

Extensor indicis

A

Innervation: Post. Interosseus
Origin: Post. Ulna, ISM
Insertion: Extensor expansion of 2nd digit
Action: Extends 2nd digit, helps extend hand

141
Q

Supinator

A

Innervation: Radial nerve
Origin: Lat. Epicondyle, humerus
Insertion: Lat. radius
Action: Supinates forearm

142
Q

Opponens Pollicis

A

Innervation: Median nerve
Origin: Flexor retinaculum
Insertion: lateral side of metacarpal 1
Action: Opposes thumb

143
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A

Innervation: Median nerve
Origin: Flexor retinaculum
Insertion: Lateral phalanx of thumb
Action: Abducts thumb

144
Q

Flexor Pollicis brevis

A

Innervation: Median nerve
Origin: Flexor retinaculum
Insertion: Lat. proximal phalanx of thumb
Action:Flexes proximal phalanx of thumb

145
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis

A

Innervation: Ulnar nerve
Origin: Flexor retinaculum
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 5
Action: Flexes proximal phalanx of digit 5

146
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Innervation: Ulnar nerve
Origin: Pisiform
Insertion: Medial side of Phalanx 5
Action: Abducts 5th digit.

147
Q

Opponens digiti Minimi

A

Innervation: Ulnar nerve
Origin: Flexor retinaculum, hook of hamate
Insertion: ant. 5th metacarpal
Action: Opposes pinky

148
Q

Adductor Pollicis

A 
Innervation: Ulnar nerve
Origin: 
Oblique head: 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Transverse head: 3rd metacarpal
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of thumb
Action: Adduct thumb
149
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

DABS
Innervation: Ulnar
Number: 4
Origin: metatarsal
Insertion: Proximal Phalanx of respective finger
Action: Abducts digits 2, 3 (both ways), 4

150
Q

Palmaris brevis

A

Innervation: Ulnar
Action: Draw skin towards center fo palm

151
Q

Lumbricals

A

Innervation:
1 and 2: Median nerve
3 and 4: Ulnar nerve
Origin: Flexor Digitorum profundus tendon
Insertion:
Action: Extend proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of 2-5

152
Q

Palmar Interossei

A 
PAD
Innervation: Ulnar
Location (3): Between digits 
Origin: metatarsal of respective finger
Insertion: Proximal Phalanx of respective finger
Action: Adducts digits 2, 4, 5
153
Q

Snuff box

A

Borders: Extensor pollicis longus, Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis
Contents: Radial artery

154
Q

Innervated muscles of CNXI

A

Sternocleidomastoid

Trapezius

155
Q

Innervated muscles by axillary nerve

A

Teres minor
Deltoid
Seen in quadrangular space

156
Q

Innervated by Thoracodorsal

A

Latissimus dorsi

157
Q

Innervated by Dorsal Scapular

A

Levator Scapulae
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor

158
Q

Innervated by Long Thoracic

A

Serratus anterior

159
Q

Innervated by Suprascapular

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

160
Q

Innervated by Subclavius nerve

A

Subclavius

161
Q

Innervated by Lateral Pectoral Nerve

A

Pectoralis Major

162
Q

Innervated by Medial Pectoral Nerve

A

Pectoralis Major

Pectoralis Minor

163
Q

Innervated by Musculocutaneous

A

Biceps brachii
Coracobrachialis
Brachialis

164
Q

Innervated by Upper Subscapular

A

Subscapularis

165
Q

Innervated by Lower subscapular

A

Subscapularis

Teres Major

166
Q

Innervated by Ulnar

A 
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Adductor pollicis
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digiti minimi brevis
Opponens digiti minimi
Lumbricals 3 and 4
Dorsal Interossei
Palmar Interossei
Palmar surface of digit 5, and half of 4 (as well as all posterior side behind these digits)
167
Q

Innervated by Median

A 
Pronator Teres
Flexor Carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor Digitorum profundis
Palmar Surface of Digits 1,2, 3, and half of 4 (as well as distal dorsal)
Flexor Pollicis Brevis
Flexor pollicis Longus (AIS)
Pronator Quadratus (AIS)
Abductor Pollicis Brevis
Opponens Pollicis
Lumbracles 1 and 2
(in carpal tunnel)
168
Q

Innervated by posterior interosseous

A 
(from radial nerve)
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
Extensor Digiti Minimi
Extensor Digitorum
Abductor Pollicis longus
Extensor Pollicis Longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor indicis
169
Q

Innervated by Radial nerve

A 
Triceps brachii
Anconeus
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris (PIS)
Extensor Digiti Minimi (PIS)
Brachioradialis
Extensor Carpi radialis longus
Extensor Carpi radialis brevis
Extensor Digitorum (PIS)
Abductor Pollicis  longus (PIS)
Extensor pollicis brevis (PIS)
Supinator
Extensor pollicis longus (PIS)
Extensor indicis (PIS)
170
Q

Innervated by Anterior interosseous Nerve

A

Flexor Pollicis longus

Pronator Quadratus

171
Q

Cubital Fossa

A 
Borders: Pronator Teres, Brachioradialis
Covering: Bicipital aponeurosis
Superficial: Cephalic vein and Basilic vein meet at Median cubital vein
Contents: 
Terminal part of brachial artery (turns into ulnar and radial)
Tendon of biceps brachii
MEdian Nerve
Radial Nerve
172
Q

Subclavian Artery

A

Becomes: Axillary Artery once past first rib
Branches: (VIT C and sometimes D, ITSA Deep Supreme)
Vertebral Artery
Internal Thoracic Artery
Thyrocervical
Costocervical
Dorsal Scapular

173
Q

Thyrocervical artery

A 
From: Subclavian
Branches: ITSA
Inferior Thyroid
Transverse Cervical
Suprascapular
Ascending
174
Q

Costocervical Artery

A

From: subclavian
Branches: Deep Supreme
Deep Cervical
Supreme Thoracic

175
Q

Brachial Artery

A

From: Axillary artery (Past Teres Major)
Branches: Deep Brachii
Becomes (USRD): Radial artery (Deep) and Ulnar artery (superficial) in cubital fossa

176
Q

Brachial Artery

A

From: Axillary artery (Past Teres Major)
Branches: Deep Brachii
Becomes (UDRs): Radial artery (Deep) and Ulnar artery (superficial) in cubital fossa

177
Q

Ulnar artery

A

From: Brachial artery
Branches: Common interosseous artery

178
Q

Common interosseous artery

A

From: Ulnar artery
Becomes: Anterior interosseous artery and Posterior interosseous artery

179
Q

1/2 LOAF

A 
Muscles innervated by the Median Nerve.
1/2 of Extensor Digitorum Profundis
1st and 2nd lumbricals. 
Opponens pollicis
Adductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
180
Q

Buccopharyngeal fascia

A

Description: Continuous with Carotid sheath and pretracheal
Contains: Esophagus/pharynx

181
Q

Prevertebral Fascia

A

Contents: Ant. and Post. Scalene muscles, back muscles, prevertebral muscle

182
Q

Retropharyngeal space

A

Between buccopharyngeal space and prevertebral fascia.

Importance: If perforated, can cause exchange of fluids with abdominal cavity.

183
Q

Infrahyoid muscles

A

Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Thyrohyoid
Innervation: Ansa Cervicalis (C1-3)

184
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A 
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
Hyoglossus
185
Q

Suprahyoid muscles

A 
Digastric
Mylohyoid
Geniohyoid
Stylohyoid
Hyoglossus
186
Q

Sternothyroid

A

Innervation: Ansa Cervicalis
Origin: Manubrium, 1st rib
Attachment: Thyroid
Action: Depress larynx, thyroid

187
Q

Thyrohyoid

A

Innervation: C1 via CNXII
Origin: Thyroid
Attachment: Hyoid (greater horn)
Action: Depress larynx, hyoid bone. Elevate thyroid cartilage.

188
Q

Digastric

A 
Innervation: 
A: nerve to mylohyoid
P: facial nerve
Origin:
A: Mandible
P: Mastoid notch, temporal bone
Attachment: hyoid
Action: Elevates hyoid, lowers mandible.
189
Q

Mylohyoid

A

Innervation: Nerve to mylohyoid (V)
Origin: Mandible
Attachment: hyoid
Action:Elevate hyoid bone, depress mandible

190
Q

Geniohyoid

A

Innervation: Hypoglossal (XII)
Origin: Mandible (inf. genial tubercle)
Attachment: Hyoid
Action: Elevates hyoid, depress mandible

191
Q

Stylohyoid

A

Innervation: Facial nerve VII
Origin: Styloid process
Attachment: Greater horn of hyoid
Action: Elevates hyoid bone

192
Q

Hyoglossus

A

Innervation: Hypoglossal (XII)
Origin: Hyoid bone
Attachment: Inferior Tongue
Action: Depress and retract tongue

193
Q

Branches from External Carotid

A 
SALFORMS
Superior thyroid artery
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
Occipital
posterior auRicular
Maxillary
Superior temporal
194
Q

Facial nerve (CNVII) Brances

A 
Ten Zombies Bit My Cat
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Mandibular
Cervical
195
Q

Occipitalis

A

Innervation: Post auricular (VII)
Origin: Nuchal line/mastoid
Attachment: epicranial aponeurosis
Action: Moves scalp backwards

196
Q

Frontalis

A

Innervation: Temporal nerve (VII)
Origin: Epicranial aponeurosis
Attachment: Skin in frontal region
Action: wrinkles forehead skin, elevates eyebrows

197
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

Innervation: Facial nerve (VII)
Origin: Lacrimal bone
Attachment: Skin around orbit
Action: closes eyelids

198
Q

Orbicularis oris

A

Innervation: Zygomatic, buccal, and mandibular branches (VII)
Origin: Maxilla
Attachment: Skin around lips
Action: Compress, contraction, and portrusion of lips

199
Q

Buccinator

A

Innervation: Buccal n. (VII)
Origin: Maxilla
Attachment: Angle of mouth
Action: Compress cheeck

200
Q

Temporalis

A

Innervation: Deep temporal, V3
Origin: Temporal fossa
Attachment: Coronoid process
Action: Elevates mandibule

201
Q

Masseter

A

Innervation: Mandibular nerve (V3)
Origin: Zygomatic arch
Attachment: Ramus, coronoid process
Action: elevates and protrudes jaw

202
Q

Lateral pterygoid

A 
Innervation: V3
Origin:
S: greater wing of sphenoid
I: lateral pterygoid
Attachment:
capsule of temporomandibular joint
Action: Protrude mandible, side to side grinding
203
Q

Lateral pterygoid

A 
Innervation: V3
Origin:
S: greater wing of sphenoid
I: lateral pterygoid
Attachment:
capsule of temporomandibular joint
Action: Opens jaw
204
Q

Nerves that supply the face

A

Motor: CN V, VII
Sensory: CN V
Parasympathetic: VII, IX

205
Q

Branches of trigeminal

A

Ophthalmic (V1)
Maxillary (V2)
Mandibular (V3)

206
Q

Muscles of mastication:

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Lateral pterygoid
Medial Pterygoid

207
Q

Sensory branches of V2

A

Infraorbital nerve

208
Q

Sensory branches of V3

A 
BAIL
Buccal (ant)
Auriculotemporal (travels with superficial temporal artery)
Inferior alveolar (becomes mental)
Lingual
209
Q

Inferior alveolar nerve

A

From: V3 (mandibular)

Gives off: Mental nerve

210
Q

Branches of the Maxillary artery

A

From: External carotid

Important branches: Middle Meningeal, Inferior alveolar(turns into mental), Inferior orbital

211
Q

Branches of Facial

A

From: External corotid
SAL

Superior labial
Ascending palatine
Lateral nasal

212
Q

Branches of Maxillary

A 
From: External carotid
SPD
Sphenopalatine
Pharyngeal
Descending palatine
213
Q

Kiesselbach’s area

A

Anastomosis between the following arteries leads to nose bleeds:

Sphenopalatine(Maxillary)
Superior Labial (Facial)
Anterior Ethmoidal (Int. Carotid)

Structure of the human body (7 decks)

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