Exam 1

Question 1

Osteoblasts

Answer 1

function in bone formation

Question 2

Osteocytes

Answer 2

Mature bone cells that function in bone maintenance

Question 3

Osteoclasts

Answer 3

multinuclear cells function in destroying, resorbing, and remodeling bone; located in Howship’s lacunae

Question 4

Osteogenesis

Answer 4

process of bone formation

Question 5

Ossification

Answer 5

the process of formation of the bone matrix and deposition of minerals

Question 6

Synarthrosis joints

Answer 6

immovable joints such as skull sutures

Question 7

Amphiarthrosis joints

Answer 7

limited movement joints - vertebral joints and symphasis pubis

Question 8

Diarthrosis joints

Answer 8

freely movable joints (hip & knee)

Question 9

Cancellous bone tissue

Answer 9

soft, spongy bone - highly vascular containing red marrow

Question 10

Cortical bone tissue

Answer 10

hard compact bone

Question 11

diaphysis

Answer 11

mid-section shaft of long bone

Question 12

epiphysis

Answer 12

ends of long bones

Question 13

cartilage

Answer 13

tough, avascular tissue at bone ends

Question 14

periosteum

Answer 14

fibrous covering of bones

Question 15

endosteum

Answer 15

thin vascular covering of marrow cavity of long bones and spaces in cancellous bone

Question 16

joint capsule

Answer 16

fibrous tissue covering bone ends and joint surfces

Question 17

ligaments

Answer 17

fibrous band connecting bones - bone to bone

Question 18

synovium

Answer 18

membrane in joint that secretes lubricating fluid

Question 19

bursa

Answer 19

fluid-filled sac found in connective tissue, usually at joints

Question 20

crepitus

Answer 20

grinding or grating noise or popping sound in soft tissue caused by gas (air) that has abnormally penetrated under the skin (in a joint-can indicate cartilage wearing down)

Question 21

Sprain

Answer 21

excessive stretching of a ligament - usually caused by a wrenching or twisting motion - commonly in ankle or knee

Question 22

Strains

Answer 22

excessive stretching of a muscle, its fascia, or a tendon

Question 23

5 Stages of Bone Healing

Answer 23

1. Hematoma formation - occurs within 24-72 hrs
2. Hematoma to granulation tissue - occurs from day 3 - 2w
3. Callus formation - occurs from week 2 - 6w
4. Osteoblastic proliferation - occurs from week 3-6mos
5. Bone remodeling - occurs from 4w - 6w