Exam 1 Flashcards
Osteoblasts
function in bone formation
Osteocytes
Mature bone cells that function in bone maintenance
Osteoclasts
multinuclear cells function in destroying, resorbing, and remodeling bone; located in Howship’s lacunae
Osteogenesis
process of bone formation
Ossification
the process of formation of the bone matrix and deposition of minerals
Synarthrosis joints
immovable joints such as skull sutures
Amphiarthrosis joints
limited movement joints - vertebral joints and symphasis pubis
Diarthrosis joints
freely movable joints (hip & knee)
Cancellous bone tissue
soft, spongy bone - highly vascular containing red marrow
Cortical bone tissue
hard compact bone
diaphysis
mid-section shaft of long bone
epiphysis
ends of long bones
cartilage
tough, avascular tissue at bone ends
periosteum
fibrous covering of bones
endosteum
thin vascular covering of marrow cavity of long bones and spaces in cancellous bone
joint capsule
fibrous tissue covering bone ends and joint surfces
ligaments
fibrous band connecting bones - bone to bone
synovium
membrane in joint that secretes lubricating fluid
bursa
fluid-filled sac found in connective tissue, usually at joints
crepitus
grinding or grating noise or popping sound in soft tissue caused by gas (air) that has abnormally penetrated under the skin (in a joint-can indicate cartilage wearing down)
Sprain
excessive stretching of a ligament - usually caused by a wrenching or twisting motion - commonly in ankle or knee
Strains
excessive stretching of a muscle, its fascia, or a tendon
5 Stages of Bone Healing
- Hematoma formation - occurs within 24-72 hrs
- Hematoma to granulation tissue - occurs from day 3 - 2w
- Callus formation - occurs from week 2 - 6w
- Osteoblastic proliferation - occurs from week 3-6mos
- Bone remodeling - occurs from 4w - 6w
