Exam 1 Flashcards
What percent of microbes are pathogenic
3%
Microbiology
Scientific study of microscopic organisms and viruses.
What is normal flora?
Microbes that live in or on your cells
Ratio of microbes to human cells?
10xs or 10:1
How many different species in our flora?
500-1000
Average weight of human flora?
3lbs
What do they mean by opportunists?
The microbe may take advantage which can lead to disease
When do you start acquiring flora?
During birth process, care givers, etc
What percent of o2 that we breathe is produced by microbes.
50%
How are microbes beneficial to plants
They are needed in the soil
How do cows, horses, sheep use microbes
To digest cellulose in their gut
How do ecosystems rely on microbes?
To enrich soil and degrade wastes
What products that we eat or use are produced by microbes?
Wine, beer, yogurt, cheese bread, nail polish remover, detergent, flavorings
Who invented the first microscope?
What was its magnification?
Robert Hooke
25x
Why were cells named cells?
What was the first thing Hooke viewed under the microscope?
Hooke saw open squares
Cork
Who first saw microbes
What did he read
What mag was his microscope?
Anton Von Leeuwenhoek
Hooked micrographia
200-300x mag
What are considered microbes? 6
Fungi(yeast, mold) Protists Protozoa Algae Bacteria/archae Viruses S
Define spontaneous generation
When was this believed?
Who was the first to challenge it?
Life arising from non living matter
A very long time before it was prove
Redi
What did redi’s experiment test?
What was his profession?
What did the experiment consist of?
What was the conclusion.
Spontaneous generation
Italian md
3 jars with meat in them, one open, one closed and one with gauze. There were inky maggots in the open jar.
Spontaneous generation false
What was pasteurs experiment?
How long did he incubate?
What was the conclusion?
He. Got some swan necked flasks.
Boiled some broth until it was sterile
Incubated flasks and checked everyday fore 18 months
No growth
Tilted flask, within hours microbes grew.
Spontaneous generation FALSE
How could Pasteur tell. If. Their. Was microbes. In. His broth?.
Cloudiness indicated microbe growth, clear meant now growth
How. Did. People control rate of. Infection from disease. In. The 1300s?
Quarantine
In the mid 1500s what was the new idea about how diseases were transmitted?
Italian md said via clothes, touch, utensils, etc
What was miasma?
Poisonous particles in the air transmitting diseas