Exam 1 Flashcards
What is contour interval?
The rate at which each contour line increases.
900ft to 950ft Bold line
4 non bold lines in between
= contour interval of 10ft
What is the elevation of the highest point of the hill if the last bold line is 1000ft there is one more line with a contour interval of 20 and the point lying right in the middle of the last line.
1030ft +/- 9ft
Are contour lines spaced further apart steeper or are closer contour lines steeper.
close lines
Calculate the difference in latitude between City A, located at 46º23’N, and City B, located at 17º53’N.
46º23’N - 17º53’N (must borrow a degree and rewrite)
45º83’N - 17º53’N = 28º30’
Based on this difference in latitude (previous question), calculate the north-south distance between City A and City B, in nautical miles.
Use the following conversions: 1º of latitude = 60 nautical miles
1’ of latitude = 1 nautical mile
28º x 60 n.m. per degree = 1,680 n.m.
30’ x 1 n.m. per minute = 30 n.m.
total: 1,680 n.m. + 30 n.m. = 1,710 n.m.
A map has a scale of 1:125,000. On the map, two mountains are 11.5 centimeters apart. How far apart are the two mountains, in kilometers?
Use the following conversion: 1 kilometer = 100,000 centimeters
11.5 cm x 125,000 = 1,437,500 cm
conversion to kilometers: 1,437,500 cm / 100,000 cm. per km. =
14.375 km (approx. 14.4 km)
Which of the following maps would be considered the “large-scale” map, if they were all printed on the same size sheet of paper?
map of Maryville
world map
map of the united states
map of Missouri
map of Maryville
Which of the following representative fractions represents a “small-scale” map?
1:20,000
1:2,000
1:250,000
1:15,000
1:250,000
The latitude of 45°24’ N would appear as ________ in decimal form.
45.24°
45.4°
45.04°
- 45.4°
45.4
Longitude is the measurement of position east or west of the ___________.
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Capricorn
Prime Meridian
Equator
Prime Meridian
Lines that measure latitude on the globe are called?
Contours
Parallels
Equators
Perpendiculars
parallels
Lines that measure longitude on the globe are called?
Arcs
Contours
Latitudes
Meridians
Meridians
A contour is a line connecting points of
altitude
direction
interest
equal elevation
equal elevation
Contour lines intersect.
true or false
false
This mineral has three directions of cleavage not at 900 and reacts with hydrochloric acid.
Calcite
Fluorite
Plagioclase feldspar
Biotite
calcite
This mineral is dark brown in color and will break into thin sheets along 1 direction of cleavage.
Biotite
Quartz
Mica
Fluorite
Biotite
Metallic mineral that is magnetic and has a black streak.
Graphite
Sphalerite
Magnetitie
Biotite
Magnetite
Mineral sample that will scratch glass, has two directions of cleavage with striations on one of the two.
Quartz
Calcite
Plagioclase feldspar
Fluorite
plagioclase felspar
An iron bearing mineral that is commonly know as “fools gold.”
Graphite
Pyrite
Magnetite
Sphalerite
pyrite
The streak of this mineral is light yellow and smells like rotten eggs, but can be used as an economic mineral for zinc.
Plagioclase feldspar
Pyrite
Talc
Sphalerite
sphalerite
This mineral can occur in many different colors, scratches glass and may have 6-sided crystals
Quartz
Talc
Fluorite
Calcite
quartz
Phosphorous is used to increase the fertility of the soil, what mineral might be added to increase phosphorous levels?
kaolinite
plagioclase feldspar
orthoclase feldspar
apatite
apatite
What mineral property would you use to distinguish between hematite and limonite in a hand sample?
hardness
cleavage
color
streak color
streak color
Select all of the minerals that are silicates.
biotite
plagioclase
olivine
magnetite
kaolinite
calcite
biotite
plagioclase
olivine
kaolinite
Which mineral has four cleavage planes and is found in colors ranging from clear to purple?
quartz
biotite
fluorite
magnetite
fluorite
Which mineral is a nonmetallic mineral softer than the human fingernail?
pyrite
gypsum
quartz
magnetite
gypsum
Which mineral effervesces (“fizzes”) in HCL acid?
muscovite
calcite
orthoclase
halite
calcite
Which mineral is used as pencil “lead”, even though the mineral contains no lead?
hematite
graphite
galena
muscovite
graphite
Name a mineral for which specific gravity, or density, is very high due to a high lead content.
biotite
pyrite
galena
magnetite
galena
Which mineral is used as table salt?
calcite
halite
orthoclase
gypsum
halite
Which of the following is a nonsilicate mineral?
all of the above
orthoclase
galena
muscovite
only A and B
galena
Which of the following igneous rocks has a fine-grained texture?
granite
only A and B
all of the above
basalt
gabbro
basalt
Fine grained igneous rocks are also extrusive.
True
False
true
This igneous rock has a fine grained texture and mafic composition.
granite
andesite
basalt
gabbro
basalt
The extrusive counterpart to granite is…..
basalt
rhyolite
andesite
scoria
rhyolite
The slope of a volcano can be determined using the difference in elevation divided by the distance.
True
False
true
Shield volcanoes have steep slopes than composite cones.
True
False
false
The resistance of a fluid to flow is know as…….
resistivity
hydraulics
viscosity
fluid phase
viscosity
Andesite is an example of an extrusive igneous rock.
True
False
true
Rhyolite is an example of an intrusive igneous rock.
True
False
false
Determine the slope of a volcano in meters per kilometer, to the nearest whole number, given the following information:
Summit elevation = 1412 m
Base elevation = 805 m
Distance between summit and base = 6.0 kilometers
101 m/km
10 m/km
110 m/km
100 m/km
101m/km
Determine the slope of a volcano in meters per kilometer, to the nearest whole number, given the following information:
Summit elevation = 3457 m
Base elevation = 629 m
Distance between summit and base = 6.2 kilometers
456 m/km
645 m/km
465 m/km
500 m/km
456 m/km
Shield volcanoes are larger than composite volcanoes.
True
False
true
Composite volcanoes are steeper than shield volcanoes.
True
False
true
Composite volcanoes have low viscosity magma.
True
False
false
Which igneous rock texture is NOT common with extrusive rocks?
glassy
vesicular (“frothy”)
course-grained
fine-grained
coarse grained
Which of the following forms of volcano is characterized by gentle slopes?
cinder cone
composite cone
shield cone
both A and B
shield cone
Which igneous rock has a compact glassy texture?
pumice
rhyolite
obsidian
basalt
obsidian
Which rock is an intrusive rock which contains an even mixture of light and dark minerals?
diorite
granite
basalt
gabbro
diorite
Which metamorphic rock is nonfoliated and harder than glass?
Marble
Slate
Schist
Quartzite
quartzite
What is a Sediment?
Sediment is a unconsolidated material produced by weathering and erosion or by chemical or biochemical precipitation.
Name the rock that forms through the metamorphism of limestone.
chert
marble
schist
quartzite
marble
Which of the following sedimentary rocks is composed of microcrystalline quartz?
chert
coal
limestone
chalk
chert
What is the parent rock of marble?
Sandstone
Limestone
Shale
Granite
limestone
The dominant mineral in chert is _______, which means that chert is hard enough to scratch glass.
quartz
The presence of bituminous coal with plant fossils indicates which type of ancient sedimentary environment?
shallow lake
river
dry lake bed
swamp
swamp
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Pressure and Temperature
Biological Activity
Expansion and Deposition
Time and Exposure
pressure and temperature
Name the three agents of metamorphism.
heat, pressure, chemically-active fluids
A sedimentary rock is composed of rounded pieces of gravel that have been cemented together is known as ______________.
conglomerate
