Exam 1

Question 1

Define domestication

Answer 1

Animals becoming dependent on man for food, protection, and breeding.

Question 2

Mitosis

Answer 2

Production of BODY cells through a 4 stage process, producing 2 diploid cells.

Question 3

Mieosis

Answer 3

Production of SEX cells through an 8 phase process, producing 4 haploid cells.

Question 4

Locus

Answer 4

A specific location on a chromosome

Question 5

Phenotype

Answer 5

The physical appearance or performance of a gene

Question 6

Geneotype

Answer 6

The specific genes in an animals code

Question 7

Homologs

Answer 7

Two of the same thing

Question 8

Epistasis

Answer 8

When two separate genes influence each others phenotype. Think Labrador coat color.

Question 9

Trait

Answer 9

A characteristic that we choose to measure. They are not inherited exactly, but we chose to observe them.

Question 10

Law of Segragation

Answer 10

Alleles randomly segregate themselves into gametes.

Question 11

Law of independent assortment

Answer 11

alleles randomly assort into cells independently of other alleles.

Question 12

Allele

Answer 12

A variation of a gene

Question 13

Dominance

Answer 13

The expression of one gene over another

Question 14

Complete Dominance/Simple Dominance

Answer 14

Your basic form of dominace. ie. heterozygote and homozygous dominant

Question 15

Co-dominance

Answer 15

both genes are expressed in a heterozygote pair. Think shorthorn roan coat

Question 16

Partial Dominance

Answer 16

A genetic anomaly where the phenotype is shown as a middle ground between both parents alleles. Usually seen in heterozygous genes, but leans towards the dominant allele.

Question 17

Sex-limited Traits

Answer 17

A genetic trait only expressed in one sex. Hens and eggs, heifers and udders, etc.

Question 18

Sex-linked traits

Answer 18

Linked to the X and Y chromosomes, so linked by sex. Think calico cats.

Question 19

Sex-influenced traits

Answer 19

Various traits influenced by sex. Ie. Scurs and horns in cattle.

Question 20

Inheritance

Answer 20

The “taking in” of genes. Meaning, you get genes from parent cells, and no matter the expression of them, you have them.

Question 21

Morell Act

Answer 21

Land Grant Ag. Ed. System inforced. 1862

Question 22

Hatch Act

Answer 22

Provides state ag research facilities 1887

Question 23

Smith Lever Act

Answer 23

Expands research through expansion services. 1914

Question 24

How do you equal phenotype.

Answer 24

P= G + E

Question 25

Heritability Estimate Chart

Answer 25

Repro (low .01-.2)
Growth (moderate .2-.4)
Carcass (high larger than .4)

Question 26

Calculating selection differential

Answer 26

SD= Selected average- herd average

Question 27

Heterosis

Answer 27

hybrid vigor

Question 28

Hybrid vigor impact

Answer 28

Repro Large
Growth moderate
Carcass Little