EXAM 1

Question 1

In the right lung, the superior & middle lobes are separated by the:

bronchopulmonary segments.
hilum.
oblique fissure.
horizontal fissure.

Answer 1

horizontal fissure

Question 2

the Volume inspired during a deep inhalation is:

Tidal volume
Expiratory reserve volume
Residual volume
Inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 2

inspiratory reserve volume

Question 3

which muscles are used for forced expiration?

Abdominal muscles and internal intercostals
External intercostals and pectoralis muscles
Sternocleidomastoid and intercostals
Sternocleidomastoid and abdominal muscles

Answer 3

abdominal muscles and internal intercostals

Question 4

the largest volume of air an individual can move in and out of the lungs

tidal volume
vital capacity
diaphragm
reserve volume

Answer 4

vital capacity

Question 5

gas exchange, the lungs’ main and vital function, takes place in the

alveoli
bronchioles
secondary bronchi
primary bronchi

Answer 5

alveoli

Question 6

which structure of the respiratory system contains both air and food

bronchi
trachea
pharynx
alveoli

Answer 6

pharynx

Question 7

the junction of the 2 mainstream of the bronchi, which is very sensitive and an area for triggering the cough reflex:

bronchioles
carina
secondary bronchi
lobules

Answer 7

carina

Question 8

during inspiration, the diaphragm ____, and the thoracic cavity ____.

relaxes, becomes smaller
contracts, becomes smaller
relaxes, becomes larger
contracts, becomes larger

Answer 8

contracts, becomes larger

Question 9

an autosomal recessive genetic disease of exocrine glands that primarily effect the lungs, pancreas, liver, intestines, sinuses, and sex organs

emphysema
cystic fibrosis
pulmonary embolism
COPD

Answer 9

cystic fibrosis

Question 10

the upper respiratory tract includes all of the following structures except the:

oropharynx
trachea
larynx
nasopharynx

Answer 10

trachea

Question 11

which lung volume remains in the lungs even after a forced maximal exhalation and cannot be measured with standard spirometry?

tidal volume
vital capacity
expiratory reserve volume
residual volume

Answer 11

residual volume

Question 12

lung capacity is depending upon all of the following except:

sex
age
height
weight

Answer 12

weight

Question 13

the smallest branches of the bronchial tree are:

bronchioles
tertiary bronchi
secondary bronchi
primary bronchi

Answer 13

bronchioles

Question 14

this substance is secreted by type II cells to prevent collapse of alveoli during exhalation

surfactant
arterioles
cilia
epiglottis

Answer 14

surfactant

Question 15

during forced inhalation, which muscle group primarily assists in elevating the ribcage & expanding the chest cavity?

abdominal muscles
diaphragm
external intercostal muscles
accessory respiratory muscles

Answer 15

accessory respiratory muscles

Question 16

if the atmospheric pressure is higher than the pressure in the lungs, where will the air go?

air will not move
air can move up or down a pressure gradient
into the lungs
out of the lungs

Answer 16

into the lungs

Question 17

how is the majority of oxygen transported in the blood

combined with plasma proteins
as free floating oxygen molecules
as bicarbonate ion
on hemoglobin

Answer 17

on hemoglobin

Question 18

Specialized cells that detect changes in the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid.

Brainstem control
Chemoreceptors
Baroreceptors
Capillaries

Answer 18

chemoreceptors