Exam 1

Question 1

Which of the statements about the behavior of the element carbon in organic molecules is incorrect?

-Carbon always forms four bonds.
-Carbon can be involved in polar covalent bonds.
-Carbon can form single, double, or triple bonds with other carbon atoms.
-When carbon forms four single bonds, the bond angles are 90°.
-In addition to other carbon atoms, carbon is likely to form bonds with hydrogen, nitrogen, or oxygen.

Answer 1

-When carbon forms four single bonds, the bond angles are 90°.

Question 2

The concept that explains the properties of aromatic compounds based on a structure that is an average among two possible structures is

resonance
cis-trans isomerism
oxidtation
polymerization
double bonding

Answer 2

resonance

Question 3

Answer 3

2,4,5-trimethylheptane

Question 4

Answer 4

Question 5

Which of the following molecules contains both a carboxylic acid group and an amine group?

Answer 5

Question 6

Answer 6

Question 7

Which of the following statements is correct? Functional groups are

-the parts of molecules that are used to differentiate types of organic molecules.
-are chemically bound to each other in order to make larger molecules.
-to organic chemistry what polyatomic ions are to inorganic chemistry.
-There is more than one correct answer.
-None are correct.

Answer 7

-the parts of molecules that are used to differentiate types of organic molecules.

Question 8

The bond angle about a carbon atom involved in a double bond is

90°.
120°.
180°.
105°.
109.5°.

Answer 8

120°.

Question 9

An elimination reaction can best be described as a reaction in which

-a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce CO2, H2O, and energy.
-two reactants combine to form one new product with no extra atoms.
-a single reactant splits into two products.
-two reactants exchange atoms to give two new products.
-a single reactant undergoes reorganization of its chemical bonds, producing an isomer of the reactant.

Answer 9

-a single reactant splits into two products.

Question 10

Answer 10

Toluene

Question 11

Answer 11

Question 12

Alkanes are ________ in water and ________ than water.

soluble; more dense
soluble; less dense
insoluble; less dense
insoluble,;more dense

Answer 12

insoluble; less dense

Question 13

A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a substance which

-accepts hydronium ions from other substances.
-accepts protons from other substances.
-produces hydrogen ions in aqueous solution.
-donates protons to other substances.
-produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.

Answer 13

-donates protons to other substances.

Question 14

What is the IUPAC name of the molecule shown?

Answer 14

1,2-dimethylcyclobutane

Question 15

Answer 15

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

When 2-butene reacts completely with bromine, the product is

3-bromobutane.
1,2-dibromobutane.
1,3-dibromobutane.
2-bromobutane.
2,3-dibromobutane.

Answer 17

2,3-dibromobutane.

Question 18

Answer 18

Question 19

Answer 19

12

Question 20

Answer 20

Question 21

Which of the following is a correct line bond structure for 2,3-dimethyl-3-hexene?

Answer 21

Question 22

Answer 22

Question 23

In straight-chain alkanes, the carbon atoms on each end of the molecule always form bonds with ________ atoms of hydrogen; the carbons within the molecule always form bonds with ________ hydrogen atoms.

3; 2
2; 2
3; 3
4; 2
4; 4

Answer 23

3; 2

Question 24

Answer 24

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

Which combination of characteristics is most likely to be associated with molecules having strong dipole-dipole interactions?

I. polar bond
II. asymmetric shape
III. relatively low boiling point
IV. large surface area

-II and IV
-I and II
-I and III
-III and IV
-I, II, III, and IV

Answer 28

-I and II

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

In the addition of HX to a double bond, the hydrogen goes to the carbon that already has more hydrogens. This is a statement of

-Markovnikov’s rule.
-LeChatelier’s principle.
-Zatseff’s rule.
-the double bond rule.
-the rule of “less is better.”

Answer 30

-Markovnikov’s rule.

Question 31

All of the following are general properties of alkenes except

-may exist as cis-trans isomers.
-less reactive than the corresponding alkanes.
-flammable.
-low boiling points.
-soluble in non-polar (organic) solvents.

Answer 31

-less reactive than the corresponding alkanes.

Question 32

Answer 32

tertiary

Question 33

Answer 33

Question 34

Cis-trans isomerism occurs when

-hydrogen is added to both of the carbon atoms in a double bond.
-the carbons in the para position of an aromatic have the same substituent groups.
-an alkene is hydrated according to Markovnikov’s Rule.
-the carbons in an alkene double bond each have two different substituent groups.
-a branched alkane has a halogen added to two adjacent carbon atoms.

Answer 34

-the carbons in an alkene double bond each have two different substituent groups.

Question 35

Answer 35

2,3-dimethyl-2-hexene

Question 36

Answer 36

Question 37

Answer 37

Question 38

A rearrangement reaction can best be described as a reaction in which

-a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce CO2, H2O, and energy.
-two reactants combine to form one new product with no extra atoms.
-a single reactant splits into two products.
-two reactants exchange atoms to give two new products.
-a single reactant undergoes reorganization of its chemical bonds, producing an isomer of the reactant.

Answer 38

-a single reactant undergoes reorganization of its chemical bonds, producing an isomer of the reactant.

Question 39

The aromatic functional group is often represented as

-a carbon-carbon triple bond.
-one or more bonds between carbon and nitrogen.
-a six-membered ring with three double bonds.
-at least one double bond between carbon and oxygen.
-a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen group.

Answer 39

-a six-membered ring with three double bonds.

Question 40

The cause of cis-trans isomerism is

-short length of the double bond.
-lack of rotation of the double bond.
-strength of the double bond.
-stability of the double bond.
-vibration of the double bond.

Answer 40

-lack of rotation of the double bond.