Exam 1 Flashcards
Which of the statements about the behavior of the element carbon in organic molecules is incorrect?
-Carbon always forms four bonds.
-Carbon can be involved in polar covalent bonds.
-Carbon can form single, double, or triple bonds with other carbon atoms.
-When carbon forms four single bonds, the bond angles are 90°.
-In addition to other carbon atoms, carbon is likely to form bonds with hydrogen, nitrogen, or oxygen.
-When carbon forms four single bonds, the bond angles are 90°.
The concept that explains the properties of aromatic compounds based on a structure that is an average among two possible structures is
resonance
cis-trans isomerism
oxidtation
polymerization
double bonding
resonance
2,4,5-trimethylheptane
Which of the following molecules contains both a carboxylic acid group and an amine group?
Which of the following statements is correct? Functional groups are
-the parts of molecules that are used to differentiate types of organic molecules.
-are chemically bound to each other in order to make larger molecules.
-to organic chemistry what polyatomic ions are to inorganic chemistry.
-There is more than one correct answer.
-None are correct.
-the parts of molecules that are used to differentiate types of organic molecules.
The bond angle about a carbon atom involved in a double bond is
90°.
120°.
180°.
105°.
109.5°.
120°.
An elimination reaction can best be described as a reaction in which
-a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce CO2, H2O, and energy.
-two reactants combine to form one new product with no extra atoms.
-a single reactant splits into two products.
-two reactants exchange atoms to give two new products.
-a single reactant undergoes reorganization of its chemical bonds, producing an isomer of the reactant.
-a single reactant splits into two products.
Toluene
Alkanes are ________ in water and ________ than water.
soluble; more dense
soluble; less dense
insoluble; less dense
insoluble,;more dense
insoluble; less dense
A Brønsted-Lowry acid is a substance which
-accepts hydronium ions from other substances.
-accepts protons from other substances.
-produces hydrogen ions in aqueous solution.
-donates protons to other substances.
-produces hydroxide ions in aqueous solution.
-donates protons to other substances.
What is the IUPAC name of the molecule shown?
1,2-dimethylcyclobutane
When 2-butene reacts completely with bromine, the product is
3-bromobutane.
1,2-dibromobutane.
1,3-dibromobutane.
2-bromobutane.
2,3-dibromobutane.
2,3-dibromobutane.
12
Which of the following is a correct line bond structure for 2,3-dimethyl-3-hexene?
In straight-chain alkanes, the carbon atoms on each end of the molecule always form bonds with ________ atoms of hydrogen; the carbons within the molecule always form bonds with ________ hydrogen atoms.
3; 2
2; 2
3; 3
4; 2
4; 4
3; 2
Which combination of characteristics is most likely to be associated with molecules having strong dipole-dipole interactions?
I. polar bond
II. asymmetric shape
III. relatively low boiling point
IV. large surface area
-II and IV
-I and II
-I and III
-III and IV
-I, II, III, and IV
-I and II
In the addition of HX to a double bond, the hydrogen goes to the carbon that already has more hydrogens. This is a statement of
-Markovnikov’s rule.
-LeChatelier’s principle.
-Zatseff’s rule.
-the double bond rule.
-the rule of “less is better.”
-Markovnikov’s rule.
All of the following are general properties of alkenes except
-may exist as cis-trans isomers.
-less reactive than the corresponding alkanes.
-flammable.
-low boiling points.
-soluble in non-polar (organic) solvents.
-less reactive than the corresponding alkanes.
tertiary
Cis-trans isomerism occurs when
-hydrogen is added to both of the carbon atoms in a double bond.
-the carbons in the para position of an aromatic have the same substituent groups.
-an alkene is hydrated according to Markovnikov’s Rule.
-the carbons in an alkene double bond each have two different substituent groups.
-a branched alkane has a halogen added to two adjacent carbon atoms.
-the carbons in an alkene double bond each have two different substituent groups.
2,3-dimethyl-2-hexene
A rearrangement reaction can best be described as a reaction in which
-a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce CO2, H2O, and energy.
-two reactants combine to form one new product with no extra atoms.
-a single reactant splits into two products.
-two reactants exchange atoms to give two new products.
-a single reactant undergoes reorganization of its chemical bonds, producing an isomer of the reactant.
-a single reactant undergoes reorganization of its chemical bonds, producing an isomer of the reactant.
The aromatic functional group is often represented as
-a carbon-carbon triple bond.
-one or more bonds between carbon and nitrogen.
-a six-membered ring with three double bonds.
-at least one double bond between carbon and oxygen.
-a carbon-oxygen-hydrogen group.
-a six-membered ring with three double bonds.
The cause of cis-trans isomerism is
-short length of the double bond.
-lack of rotation of the double bond.
-strength of the double bond.
-stability of the double bond.
-vibration of the double bond.
-lack of rotation of the double bond.
