Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oc anatomy 3 > exam 1 > Flashcards

exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the average size of optic nerve

whats considered small, large?

A

1.99 X 1.77
horizontally: 1.77
vertical: 1.99

small: <1.5
large: >2.22

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

axons from what cell form nerve fiber layer?
what about the optice nerve?

A

ganglion axons for both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

whats the conversion factors when using slitlamp slit to measure optic nerve size

A

60 lens 1
78 lens1.1
90 lens 1.3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

in mal inserted optic nerve what is raised or flat

A

temporal is flat nasal raised

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Optic nerve is located in what cell layer

A

ganglion cell layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the paillomacular bundle

whats its significance to GLC

A

bundle of macular fibers that enter temporally of the ON
damage occurs here before optic nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

meninges

which meninges is made of
- thin collagen
-vascular CT
-dense CT

what space holds CSF

A

which meninges is made of
- thin collagen
arachnoid
-vascular CT
pia mater
-dense CT
dura matter

sub arachnoid space holds CSF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what nerve fibers decussates at the optic chiasm

A

nasal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

intraocular segment

starts where and ends where?
whats its 2 sections
-where do these 2 sections start and end?

which section has glial or astrocytes bundles

A

intraocular segment

starts where and ends where?
ONH to the lamina cribosa

whats its 2 sections
1. prelaminar
HAS GLIAL AND ASTROCYTES
2. Laminar
-where do these 2 sections start and end?
1. prelaminar
optic nerve head to lamina crib
2. Laminar
globe to lamina cribosa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what ON segment is S shaped

A

intraorbital

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what ON segment starts to be mylinated with what cells

A

intraorbital with oligodendrocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

muscle attatchment occurs in what ON segment and what muscles

A

intraorbital MR SR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

purpose of astrocytes

A

ion concention regulator
structure
glycogen storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what ON segment goes through optic canal

A

intracanalicular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Intracranial ON segment extends from what to where

what is its surrounding structures

A

Intracranial ON segment extends from what to where

optic canal to the optic chiasm

what is its surrounding structures
-internal carotid art
-sphenoid sinus
-ACA anterior cerebral artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

list the shortest to longest ON structures

A
  1. intraocular
  2. intracanalicular
  3. intracranial
  4. intraorbital
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

name the blood supply to the optic nerve segments

A
  1. intraocular
    -short posterior cilliary arteries
    -circle of zinn haller

2.intraorbital
-pial
-central retinal artery

  1. intracranial
    -anterior communicating art
    -anterior cerebral artery
    -internal carotid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

ON sheath meningioma occurs in what segments

A

introrbital intracanalicular

f>M
optociliary shunt vssels (collaterals
ON head edema and atrophy
painless

tx radiation or excise or monitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What ventricle is superior to optic chiasm

where is the pituitary in relation to the optic chiasm

A

3rd

pituitary is 1 cm below optic chiasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

where is the compression located with a pituitary adenoma

what kind of VF defect can occur

A

near decussation

bitemporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

LGN

location

function

shape

what cells synapse here

Binocular processing (Y/N)?

A

LGN

location
-thalamus

function
-process and filter to send to visual cortex
-NO BINOCULAR PROCESSING

shape
-cone

what cells synapse here
-ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what layers of the LGN are
mangocellular
parvocellular
koniocelular

what cells are ipsi and contralateral

A

what layers of the LGN are
mangocellular
1-2
parvocellular
3-6
koniocelular
all

“see I , I see, I see/ CIICIC”
Contralateral - 1,4,6
ipsilateral - 2,3,5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

where does binocular processing occur

what layer receives input and what layer fives inhibitory feedback

A

Brodman area 17 primary visual cortex

layer 4 recieves input from LGN
Layer 6 gives inhibitory feedback to LGN

there are 6 layers total

24
Q

the primary visual cortex is seperated by what fissure.
what gyrus is inferior and superior

A

calcarine
cuneus gyrus upper portion
Lingual gyrus lower portion

25
Q

what is the blood supply for the following

optic chiasm

optic tract

LGN

Optic radiations

Visual Cortex

A

optic chiasm
-circle of willis

optic tract
-anterior choroidal art

LGN
-anterior choroidal art
-posterior cerebral art

Optic radiations
-anterior coroidal
-posterior cerebral art
-middle cerebral

Visual Cortex
-posterior cerebral art
-middle cerebral

26
Q

V1 sends basic stimuli to what?
where is this located

A

V2-V5
lateral aspects of the occipital lobe

27
Q

name the layers of buches membrane

A
  1. BM of choriocapillaris
  2. outer collagenous zone
  3. elastic
  4. inner collagenous zone
  5. BM of RPE
28
Q

the uvea attaches to what 3 things

A
  1. scleral spur
  2. vortex veins
  3. optic nerve
28
Q
A
29
Q

suprachoroid space holds what

A

long posterior ciliary nerves and art

30
Q

what layer of the choroid are hallers and sattlers layer in? distinguish difference bewteen them

A

hallers
-large BV that go into smaller bv that form sattlers

sattlers
-small bv that form capillary bed

all in choroid stroma

31
Q

what layer of the choroid is associated with

-loose CT
-LPCA LPCN
-single layer of anastomosing fenestrated capillaries
-thin
-controlled by autonomic nervous system (explain symp and parasymp effects)
-fuses with retina
-denses at macula
-increase in thickness with age
-decreases in thickness with age
-hallers and scattlers layer

A

—–loose CT —-
choroidal stroma

—–LPCA LPCN—
suprachoroid lamina

—–single layer of anastomosing fenestrated capillaries ———-
choriocapilaris

——thin———-
buchs membrane

——controlled by autonomic nervous system (explain symp and parasymp effects) ——-
choroidal stroma - sympathetic vaso constrics and para vaso dilates

—–fuses with retina —-
bruches

——denses at macula——
choroidal capillaries

——increase in thickness with age —-
bruches
—-decreases in thickness with age—-
choroidal capillaris

—-hallers and scattlers layer—–
choroidal stroma

32
Q

how many vortex veins per eye?
what layer of choroid

A

4-6

33
Q

where does the choroidal capillaris terminate?

what do capillaries of this layer contain

A

ONH

  1. pericytes
  2. BM (lamina)
  3. endothelial cells
34
Q

DM damages what cells and in what layer

A

in the choroid
pericytes and endothelial cells

35
Q

what does pericytes do
they are associated with what layer of the choroid

A

they are located in the choriocapilaries layer of the choroid

regulated local blood flow

36
Q

buches membrane includes two layers that are BM what what other layers of the choroid

A

choriocapillaries and RPE

37
Q

RPE cell… where does it face
basal side
apical side

A

basal side is facing bruches

apical (cilliary processes) side faces sensory photoreceptors

38
Q

what 2 layers are commonly separated in a RD
what caused this

A

RPE and neural (sensory), due to embryological development

39
Q

what layer forms blood brain barrier

A

RPE

40
Q

what layer of the retina has lots of melanosomes

A

RPE

41
Q

what disease is related to impaired tyrosinase enzym activity?
this results in missing or loss of what

A

albinism
loss of RPE

42
Q

what is lipofuscin
where does it accumulate
what disease is this

A

incomplete phagocytosed particles in lysosomes of the cell

stargardts diesase
inherited macular dystrophy

43
Q

what are halocytes and where are they found

A

they are cells that release antiangiogenic factors in the vitreous humor

they are phagocytic

44
Q

what is shafer signs

A

tabacco dust in anterior vitreous that are rpe cells that could mean hole/RD

45
Q

where is the weakest and strongest attachments for anterior vitreous

where else does it attach too

where is the most common location of detattchment

what layers of the vitreous fibers does it attach to

A

weakest: blood vessels
strongest: near orra serrata (vit base)

optic disc, macula, posterior lens

RD common at vitreous base because even though it is the strongest it tugs

attaches to nonpigmented ciliary epi
internal limiting membrane

46
Q

what is wiegers ligament?
whats the space inside of it?
what is annular ring of attachment?

A

ring of attachment of anterior vit to posterior lens

space inside it is bergers space or rentrrenticular space

what is annular ring of attachment?
attachment of vit to macula

47
Q

list areas of attachment of vitreous from strongest to weakest

A
  1. vitreous base
  2. posterior lens
  3. optic disc
  4. macula
  5. blood vessels
48
Q

what is cloquet canal

A

it is the canal that is a remnant of the hyaloid artery during development
it supported the early development of the lens

it is in the central zone of vitreous

49
Q

what zone of the vitreous has the least amount of collagen?

what zone has tighlty packed collagen

A

least amount in central

tightly packed is cortex

50
Q

what is bergmeisters papillae

A

glial tissue on the optic disc
posterior attachment of hyaloid artery

51
Q

what are epicapsular stars

A

remnants of tunica vasculosa lentis gold flakes on anterior lens

52
Q

asteroid hyalosis is made of collection of what

symptoms?
one or both eye?

A

calcium pyrophosphate globules

no symptoms benign

unilateral

53
Q

what is synchysis scintallans

symptoms?
one or both eye?

A

cholesterol crystals in vitreous

no symptoms
bilateral
3rd decade of life

54
Q

what is moors lightening streaks

A

vertical lightening streaks that a pt sees temporally when moving head, it is benign

55
Q
A

Oc anatomy 3 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions