Exam 1

Question 1

timocracy

Answer 1

form of govt where the rulers are motivated by a love of honor/ambition

Question 2

oligarchy

Answer 2

govt resting on a valuing of property where the rich have power and the poor are deprived of it

Question 3

democracy

Answer 3

system of govt where the whole population of all eligible members of a state/citizens have a say

Question 4

tyranny

Answer 4

rule by one who has absolute power

Question 5

allegory of the cave

Answer 5

metaphor explaining levels of ignorance and reasoning in a community, the number of ignorant folks outnumbers those who can reason.

Question 6

conjecture

Answer 6

images like shadows and reflections, ex; the shadows on the wall of the cave

Question 7

belief

Answer 7

objects like animals and trees, ex; the actual statues used to make the shadows

Question 8

understanding

Answer 8

thoughts, images, and ideas like the ideas square, the study of mathematics, ex; the journey up through the cave

Question 9

exercise of reason

Answer 9

after your studies you can see the perfect beauty, courage, and justice, ex; reaching outside the cave

Question 10

forms

Answer 10

for everything in existence, ex; the table, or justice, exists in a perfect form in heaven.

Question 11

telos

Answer 11

the principle end. what anything becomes when its growth is complete as long as it develops fully its inner nature

Question 12

autarky

Answer 12

a self-sufficient economic unit that requires neither imports/exports to satisfy the population. everything they need is made in the polis

Question 13

insonomia

Answer 13

equality before the law

Question 14

demokratia

Answer 14

rule of the people

Question 15

polis

Answer 15

a form of govt that includes all three classes of society and represents moderation (rich, poor, middle class)

Question 16

the city of god

Answer 16

augustine; the love for god, need to accept him into your life and follow his laws

Question 17

the city of man

Answer 17

augustine; self-love, rejecting god and not living by god’s law

Question 18

eternal law

Answer 18

god’s plan for all eternity that is only known to god

Question 19

natural law

Answer 19

the part of god’s plan that is revealed to man through reason.

Question 20

civil law

Answer 20

laws made by man that are based on the old and new testament

Question 21

aristotle

Answer 21

student of plato, wants to find the good life and admits that we cannot have everything. best combo for max happiness is the polis, where common and personal interests intersect (ex; school taxes)

Question 22

plato

Answer 22

humans must reach full potential without interruption. the soul has three parts, each class in society is a new tier of ignorance, not everyone can reason, philosopher king/queen to rule them all, govts all crumble

Question 23

augustine

Answer 23

founder of the alt right, writes the city of man, discusses religion and politics intersecting (church and king together), reason is given to us by god and we can embrace him or turn away from him (concept of free will), all must follow god’s laws, political power = controlling adults via coercion

Question 24

aquinas

Answer 24

mix of aristotle and augustine, introduces separation of church and state, all must follow god’s law, eternal/natural/civil law, still right but more moderate than augustine, reason reveals god’s plan to us

Question 25

plato's three parts of the soul a/s/r

Answer 25

appetites - the common people who are happy to not worry about the whole world the spirit - honor, auxillary guard, they understand that life is greater than the individual, the military protecting their community reason - philosopher ruler, pinnacle of understanding via education, rule w/ justice

Question 26

each philosopher's ideal state

Answer 26

plato - aristocracy aristotle - monarchy/aristocracy/polis augustine - monarchy aquinas -monarchy

Question 27

cycle of gov'ts according to plato

Answer 27

monarchy to tyranny, aristocracy to oligarchy, polis to democracy