exam 1 Flashcards
what is the ora serrata
the end of the retina
name the cranial bones
(which ones paired?)
How many total bones
- frontal - 1
- parietal -2
- temporal - 2
- occipital -1
- sphenoid -1
- ethmoid -1
8 total
name facial bones
name the cranial bones
(which ones paired?)
How many total bones
- nasal - 2
- maxilla - 2
- zygomatic - 2
- inferior nasal conchae - 2
5.palatine - 2 - lacrimal - 2
- mandible - 1
- vomer - 1
(14 total)
crista gali is part of what bone
ethmoid
name meningies (inner to outer)
- pia matter
- arachnoid
- dura matter
notch that is more medial
is it always there?
frontal notch
sometimes not there
what bone is the trochlear foss at
frontal bone
where is the lateral orbital tubercle located (aka what bone is it on )
zygomatic bone
orbital plate is part of what bone
maxilla
perpendicular plate is part of what bone
horizonta plate part of what
perpendicular - ethmoid
horizontal - palatine
Is the posterior or anterior portion of lacimal fossa is on the maxilla
anterior
cribriform plate is from what bone
what goes through here
ethmoid
olfactory nerve
anterior clinoid process is part of what bone
sphenoid
V1, V2,V3 foramina
what bone are these foramina on
what bone is the trigeminal impression on
V1 - Superior orbital fissue
v2 - foramen rotundum
V3 - foramen ovale
Standing Room Only
sphenoid
petrous of the temporal bone
what CN goes down clivus
what two bones make it up clivus
CN 6
sphenoid and occipital bone
what CN goes through jugular foramen
9, 10, 11
mastoid and styloid process is part of what bone
temporal bone
where is the inion
external occipital protuberance
hypoglassal canal is part of what bone
occipital bone
bones part of nasal septum
ethmoid, vomer
where does the nasolacrimal drain into
inferior nasal meatus
____Superior Orbital fissure ___
-formed by :
-connects what:
____Inferior Orbital fissure ___
-formed by :
-connects what:
____Superior Orbital fissure ___
-formed by : greater and lesser wing
of sphenoid
-connects what: cranium to orbit
____Inferior Orbital fissure ___
-formed by : maxilla and greater
wing
-connects what: orbit to
pterygopalatine fossa
for sx for pituitary tumor, surgeon can go through nose then cut through what bone
sphenoid
what are the 7 bones of the orbit
angle between medial and lateral wall ____
two lines coming from the center of orbit would be what degree ______
angle between medial and lateral wall __45__
two lines coming from the center of orbit would be what degree ___22.5___
what is the thinnest wall of orbit
medial
Match the meninges relationships
falx cerebri
tentorium cerebelli
falx cerebelli
Separates hemispheres
Separates cerebrum from cerebellum
Attached to cristagali
Separates cerebellar halves
falx cerebri
- seperates hemispheres
-attatches to crista galli
tentorium cerebelli
-seperates cerbrum from cerebellum
falx cerebelli
- cerebellar halves
Name the foramen it goes through
Olfactory
abducens
Vagus
trocheal
Olfactory - cribiform foramina
abducens - superior orbital fissure
**Vagus - jugular foramen
trochlear- superior orbital fissure
Name the foramen it goes through
vestibulocochlear
facial
oculomotor
optic nerve
vestibulocochlear - internal acoustic meatus
facial - internal acoustic meatus
oculomotor - supperior orbital fissure
optic nerve -optic canal
Name the foramen it goes through
accessory
hypoglossal
glossopharyngeal
accessory - jugular foramen
hypoglossal - hypoglossal
glossopharyngeal - juglar
what nerve goes through
jugular foramen
internal acoustic meatus
jugular foramen (9,10,11)
1. glossolphayngeal
2. vegas
3. accessory
internal acoustic meatus
1. facial 7 (exits stylomastoid
foramen)
2. vestibulocochear 8
what is collateral circulation
alternate or “backup” blood vessels in your body that can take over when another artery or vein becomes blocked or damaged
what is the main supply to orbit (globe)
internal carotid via ophthalmic artery (90%) of orbit
Main supply of inner retina
Central retinal artery
Central retinal artery pierces what
Optic nerve
What does the central retinal artery occlusion look like
Pale retina
What can spare vision for central retinal artery occlusion
Cilioretinal artery
What joins to form circle of zinn haller
What does zinn haller supply blood too
Short posterior cilliary artery
Optic nerve
MACI is made of what
LPCA
Anterior cilliary artery
Where does the anterior ciliar artery pierce
Near limbus and comes from muscular branch
What does NAION look like
Non arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy
It is caused by low bp (non arteritic)
Edema nerve or sectorial
Long posterior ciliary artery enter what part of the eye
Enter Ciliary body (in between sclera and choroid)
What artery supplies skin muscle and forhead scalp and brows and upper lids
Supraorbital
Infraorbital artery branches from what
Maxillary from the external carotid
Dorsal nasal artery anastomis with what ?
What are their origins
Infraorbital(from maxillary) and angular art from (from facial artery)
Angular artery branches from where
Facial
Zygomatico orbital artery branches from what
What about these…
Zygomaticotemporal
Zygomaticofacial
Orbital- Superficial temporal that comes from external carotid
Zygomatico tempura and facial come from lacrimal artery<ophthalmic art
Name three branches from external carotid
Facial
Superficial temporal
Maxillary
What facial artery goes towards the medial canthus
Angular artery also goes around nose
Name the artery that is inflamed that causes blindness in temporal arteritis
Short posterior ciliary arteries
The middle meningeal artery travels through what foramen
Spinosum
What veins follows ophtalmic artery
Superior ophthalmic vein
What drains the inner retina, then where does it drain
What drains the choroid
Inner retina - Central retinal vein , superior orbital vein
Choroid - vortex vein > superior or inferior orbital vein
What follows path of central retinal artery
Central retinal vein
What does the central retinal vein occlusion look like
Blood and thunder
Name sensory ganglion
Do they synapse here
- Trigeminal
- Genucleate
- Glossopharygeal
- Vagal
Name para sympathetic ganglion
- Ciliary
- Pterygopalatine
- Submandibular
- Otic
Name the sympathetic gangion
Cervical superior
Name the sensory cranial nerves
- Olfactory
- Optic
- Vestibularcochlar
Name mixed cranial nerves
- Trigeminal
- Facial
- Glossopharyngeal
- Vegas
Think cute face in vegas ….. triGEMinal FACIAL GLOSSopharyngeal VEGAS
Name the motor nerves
- oculomotor
- Abducens
- Trochlear
- Accesory
- Hypoglassal
Nerve for sensory of skin along center of nose
Anterior ethmoid nerve through external nasal branch
Sensory nerve for cornea iris scleral ciliary muscles
Short ciliary
Sympathetic innervation of iris dilator
Long scilliary nerve
Nasocilliary is afferent or efferent
Afferent
Structures in cavernous sinus
Oculomotor
Trochlear
V1
V2
Abducents
Internal carotid
Sensory nerves of eye lid
-Lacrimal nerve ( lactimal)
-infratrochlear (nasociliary)
-supra orbital (Frontal)
-supra trochlear (frontal)
-Infraorbital (maxillary)
-Zygomatic facial (maxillary)
Cranial nerve for iris sphincter
Oculomotor
Preganglion neurons come from (name for each)
Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
Parasympatheic craniosacral
Sympathetic - thoracolumbar T1 - L2
White matter:
Grey matter:
White : myelinated axons
Grey: cell bodies synapse
Brain - grey outside white inside
Spine- white outside grey inside
