Exam 1 Flashcards
What are the 4 D’s of psychological disorders?
Deviance, Distress, Dysfunction, and Danger
Different/unusual/extreme
Deviance
Upset; unpleasant emotional reaction
Distress
Impairment; interference (ex. work, relationships)
Dysfunction
Suicidal ideation; harmful/hurtful ideation
Danger
How have ancient times viewed psychopathology?
Evil spirits, witchcraft (treatment: exorcism)
How have greeks & romans viewed psychopathology?
Imbalance of bodily humors, ex. melancholia = too much “black bile” (treatment: baths, massage, bloodletting)
How have the middle ages viewed psychopathology?
Demonology (treatment: exorcism)
How have the renaissance viewed psychopathology?
Problems in mind (treatment: asylums (warehouse); ex. Bethlehem Hospital (Bedlam), Lunatics’ Tower in Vienna)
How have the 19th century viewed psychopathology?
Problems in mind (treatment: moral and humane long-term hospitalization)
How have the 20th century viewed psychopathology?
Physical causes & psych causes; 2 new perspectives: somatogenic and psychogenic (treatment: inpatient/outpatient therapy + psychotropic medications)
Emphasizes moral guidance and humane and respectful techniques
Moral treatment
Psychopathology that has physical/bio causes (ex. decrease of serotonin causes depression, so the treatment is SSRIs)
Somatogenic Perspective
Psychopathology that has psych causes (ex. environmental loss causes depression, so the treatment is therapy to challenge negative thinking; think, feel, behave)
Psychogenic Perspective
What are the models of psychopathology?
Biological, psychodynamic, behavioral, cognitive, humanistic, and sociocultural