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families & society > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Sociology

A

the systematic study of society

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2
Q

Family

A

any relatively stable group of people bound by ties of blood, marriage, adoption, or by any sexually expressive relationship or who simply live together and who are committed to and provide each other with economic and/or emotional support

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3
Q

Family of orientation

A

the family in which a person is born into and/or raised

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4
Q

Family of procreation

A

the family that is created when at least 2 people come together in some form of intimate relationship and have or adopt children of their own

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5
Q

Nuclear Family

A

a family consisting of parents and their children

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6
Q

extended/multigenerational families

A

a family consisting of parents, their children, and any other relatives

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7
Q

blended/step-families

A

created when a person remarries and one or both spouses has children

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8
Q

voluntary child-free family

A

consisting of couples who make a conscious choice to not have children

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9
Q

surrogate or the chosen family

A

a set of roommates or group of people who choose to share a same household and/or who define themselves as family

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10
Q

marriage

A

a union between people whether widely or legally recognized or not

  • unites partners sexually, socially, and economically
  • designed to be relatively consistent over time
  • often does afford each member certain agreed upon rights
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11
Q

Socialization

A

the lifelong process of social interaction through which people learn knowledge, skills, patterns of thinking and behaving, and other elements of culture that are essential for effective participation in social life

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12
Q

Gender role socialization

A

a process by which people acquire the gender roles that their culture defines as appropriate for them

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13
Q

Agents of Socialization

A

the individuals, groups, and organizations that help form and individual’s behaviors, attitudes, and self concept
examples: - chuch/religion
- behavioral therapist
- parents
- school
- government
- mass media
- peers
- toys

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14
Q

Effects of Socialization

A
  • The more financially autonomous a woman becomes, the later she will get married, if ever
  • the income of the average american woman drops 30% after the marriage ends
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15
Q

marriage benefit imbalance

A

in heterosexual marriages, the unequal benefits marriage brings to men over women

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16
Q

Patriarchal European Families(Colonial Period)

A
  1. a family in which the male (husband and/or father) is the head of the family
    1. male can exercise authority and decision-making power over the wife and children
    2. women should be submissive and obey the husband
    3. fathers were responsible for the moral, religious, and intellectual upbringing of children
    4. claimed women were too irrational and emotional
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17
Q

Integrated Families(Colonial Period)

A
  1. communities lacked sharp distinction between family and society
    1. community members often intervened in family matters
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18
Q

Family-based economy(Colonial Period)

A
  1. the home was the sight of ecnomic production
  2. women: activities in the home; men: did field work
  3. children past the age of 7 considered a separate social category from adults
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19
Q

Instability During Colonial Period

A
  1. women on averge gave birth to 8 children; high infant mortality rates
  2. general high mortality; avg length of marriage was 12 years
  3. 1/3 to 1/2 of all children lost a parent before age 21
  4. 1/2+ of all children lost at least one parent before age 13
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20
Q

Equality during Enslavement

A
  1. slave families were very egalitarian
    1. common experience of slavery
    2. cultural traditions
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21
Q

Reproduction and Sexuality of black women was discussed by

A

Roberts

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22
Q

Forced childbearing

A
  1. incentivized by rewards like time-off, clothing, food; given relief work; punishment; manipulated marriage, rape, culture of being viewed as valuable
  2. women had a lack of prenatal property
  3. separation
  4. lack of time to nuture
23
Q

Maternal-fetal conflict

A

law, social practices, and medical practice treat a pregnant women’s interests in opposition to those of the fetus she is carrying

24
Q

Victorian Era

A

1800s; named after queen victoria

25
Q

Public sphere

A

work

26
Q

Private sphere

A

work at home; domestic

27
Q

What occured during the victorian era historically

A

industrial revolution/capitalism

28
Q

Roles for men during victorian era

A

breadwinners

29
Q

roles for women during victorian era

A

caregivers

30
Q

status

A

social position that a person occupies within a group or society(nouns)

31
Q

role

A

a set of socially prescribed behaviors associated with a particular status or position in society(verbs)

32
Q

when was the creation of childhood

A

victorian era

33
Q

Coontz reading

A
  1. Divorce rates low
    • baby boom
  2. Growth in GNP
  3. Housing Boom(Majority-62% owned their own homes)
  4. Many working-class families moved into middle class
  5. The nuclear family had new possibilities of privacy and togetherness
34
Q

Myth of 1950s family

A
  • Women, mostly white, who had become a housewife, this was not a chosen role(shock therapy)
    • incest, domestic abuse
  • Highest teen pregnancy rates ever
  • 40% of black women with small children were working
  • 25% of all americans were poor
  • 1/3 of children were poor
35
Q

What caused the drop in seeing what constitutes a family

A
  • children
  • marriage
  • sexual oriention
  • blood, romantic or sexual relationship
36
Q

Who devised the term comphet

A

adrienne rich

37
Q

Compulsory heterosexuality

A

a rule that all men be attracted to women and all women be attracted to men
- assumed
- enforced by patriarchy
- can be adopted by people of other sexual orientations

38
Q

Two ways lesbians practice comphet

A
  • look like straight women
  • to act like a straight woman
39
Q

Who devised the term heteronormativity

A

Warner

40
Q

Heteronormativity

A

the assumption that everyone is heterosexual unless there are signs indicting otherwise

41
Q

heteronormative culture

A

a culture where heterosexuality is accepted as the normal, taken for granted mode of sexual expression

42
Q

Examples of heteronormative culture

A
  1. Sexual Expression
    • most accepted form is vaginal/penile
  2. Type of Relationship
    • couple(man/woman), marriage, children
    • monogamy
  3. Types of Roles based on femininity and masculinity
43
Q

Institutionalized norm

A

when behaviors become widely accepted within a particular social institution and is taken for granted in society

44
Q

Social construction

A

an idea that may appear to be natural, normal, obvious, to those that accept it, but it’s actually an invention or an artifact of a particular society

45
Q

Empirical Evidence

A

data or evidence that can be confirmed by the use of one or more of the human senses

46
Q

Probability

A

under certain circumstances, an aspect of society is more or less likely to occur

47
Q

Qualitative

A

non-numeric, detailed descriptions

48
Q

Quantitative

A

numeric, statistical analysis

49
Q

Hypothesis

A

a statement of relationships between two or more aspects(variables)

50
Q

Variable

A

any characteristic, attitude, or event that can take on two or more values or attributes

51
Q

Field Research

A

going out into a social situation and implanting yourself

52
Q

Regnerus Study

A
  • Children raised in the lesbian mother/gay father categories showed being worse off(biased ass study); had different results from previous studies
  • had an issue with indicators for LGBT categories
53
Q

Issues with Regnerus Study

A

NYT/Other Sociologists Found:

  • only 23% of children in the lesbian mother category lived with the mother and partner for only 3 years
  • only 2% of the children in the gay father category

families & society (3 decks)

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