Exam 1

Question 1

Atoms

Answer 1

smallest structure of a chemical element

Question 2

Protons

Answer 2

mass of 1 atomic unit
positive charge

Question 3

Neutron

Answer 3

mass of 1 atomic unit
neutral charge

Question 4

Electron

Answer 4

mass inconsequential
negative charge

Question 5

Atomic number

Answer 5

number of protons in that atom

Question 6

Atomic weight

Answer 6

number of protons and neutrons in that atom

Question 7

Periodic table group

Answer 7

column
atoms have similar properties

Question 8

Periodic table period

Answer 8

row
atoms have different properties

Question 9

Isotope

Answer 9

same # of protons
different # of neutrons
different atomic weight

Question 10

Ion

Answer 10

same # of protons
different # of electrons

Question 11

Ionic bond

Answer 11

-non-metal atom pulls electron from a metal atom
->2 difference in electronegativity

Question 12

Polar covalent bond

Answer 12

0.5-2 difference in electronegativity

Question 13

Non-polar covalent bond

Answer 13

<0.5 difference in electronegativity

Question 14

Covalent bond

Answer 14

share electrons

Question 15

Exothermic reaction

Answer 15

-gives off heat
-heat in left side (product)
-products have less energy than reactants
-increased temperature = increased reactants
-increased temperature = decreased K

Question 16

Endothermic reaction

Answer 16

-absorbs heat
-heat in right side (reactants)
-products have more energy than reactants
-increased temperature = increased products
-increased temperature = increased K

Question 17

Equilibrium constant

Answer 17

-written as “K”
K = products/reactants
-changes with temperature
-remove reactant= converts product back into reactant
-remove product = converts more reactant into product

Question 18

Catalyst

Answer 18

reduces activation energy only

Question 19

Zero Order Kinetics

Answer 19

rate is constant
half-life is variable
straight line

Question 20

First Order Kinetics

Answer 20

half-life is constant
rate is variable
curved line

Question 21

Critical temperature

Answer 21

substance above Tcrit will always be a gas

Question 22

What percent of N2O is left right when it starts reading lower than 750 mmHg?

Answer 22

16%

Question 23

What are the correct units for the ideal gas law?

Answer 23

PV=nRT
P: atmospheres
V: liters
n: moles
T: Kelvin

Question 24

If you increase the products in a reaction, what happens to the equation?

Answer 24

more reactant is made by product being converted back to reactants

Question 25

If you increase the heat in an endothermic reaction, what happens in the equation?

Answer 25

more products are made *heat is a reactant

Question 26

If you add a catalyst to a reaction, what happens to the equation?

Answer 26

nothing, the equilibrium just occurs faster

Question 27

If you decrease the reactants in a reaction, what happens to the equation?

Answer 27

more reactants are made by product being converted back to reactants

Question 28

If you increase the heat in an exothermic reaction, what happens in the equation?

Answer 28

more reactants are made by product being converted back to reactants

Question 29

Dalton's Law of partial pressure

Answer 29

total pressure of the gas is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the gases in the mixture ex. 0.21 x 760 mmHg = 159.6 mmHg partial pressure of oxygen

Question 30

How does MAC change with barometric pressure changes? -increase -decrease

Answer 30

increase: decreased MAC decrease: increased MAC

Question 31

Is vapor pressure temperature dependent?

Answer 31

yes change in temperature = change in vapor pressure

Question 32

Critical pressure

Answer 32

did not discuss ***question distractor***

Question 33

If a gas is above it's critical temperature, you can expect there to be gas/liquid/both?

Answer 33

only gas

Question 34

London forces

Answer 34

everything has London forces increasing forces with increasing atomic weight weak forces

Question 35

Dipole-Dipole forces

Answer 35

-needs to have a polar molecule -one will have permanent positive and one will have negative side -opposites will attract -stronger than London forces

Question 36

Hydrogen bonds

Answer 36

-need Hydrogen on Oxygen or Nitrogen with lone pair of electrons -strongest bond

Question 37

molarity units

Answer 37

grams and milliliters

Question 38

tonicity

Answer 38

the tonicity of one solution in comparison to another ex. low albumin or hyponatremia & BBB

Question 39

hydrophilic colloid