Acid/Base

Question 1

acid

Answer 1

proton donor

Question 2

base

Answer 2

proton acceptor

Question 3

conjugate acid

Answer 3

basic product of reaction of acid

Question 4

conjugate base

Answer 4

acidic product of reaction of base

Question 5

What more readily donates protons:
strong or weak acid

Answer 5

stronger acid

Question 6

What has a larger Ka:
strong or weak acid

Answer 6

stronger acid

Question 7

What more readily accepts protons
strong or weak base

Answer 7

stronger base

Question 8

base association constant

Answer 8

Kb
conj. acid + conj. base / base

Question 9

acid dissociation constant

Answer 9

Ka
H+ x conj. base / parent acid

Question 10

Stronger acid gives a
weak or strong conjugate base

Answer 10

weak

Question 11

Stronger base gives a
weak or strong conjugate acid

Answer 11

weak

Question 12

Kw

Answer 12

dissociation constant for water
(H+) x (OH-)

Question 13

What has a larger Kb:
strong or weak base

Answer 13

strong base

Question 14

What has a larger pKa:
strong or weak acid

Answer 14

weak acid

Question 15

What has a larger pKb:
strong or weak base

Answer 15

weak base

Question 16

What happens when you decrease pH with an acidic drug?

Answer 16

increase non-ionized (decreased ionization fraction)

Question 17

What happens when you decrease pH with a basic drug?

Answer 17

increase ionized (increased ionization fraction)

Question 18

What happens when you increase pH with an acidic drug?

Answer 18

increase ionized (increased ionization fraction)

Question 19

What happens when you increase pH with a basic drug?

Answer 19

increase non-ionized (decreased ionization fraction)

Question 20

What happens with a basic drug when the pH is lower than the pKa?

Answer 20

High ionization fraction
more ionized
pH-pKa<0

Question 21

What happens with a basic drug when the pH is higher than the pKa?

Answer 21

Low ionization fraction
more non-ionized
pH-pKa>0

Question 22

What happens with a basic drug when the pH is the same as the pKa?

Answer 22

equal ionized and non-ionized
pH-pKa=0
ionized fraction = 0.5

Question 23

pH increases if
-HCO3 increases or decreases
-CO2 increases or decreases

Answer 23

HCO3: increases
CO2: decreases

Question 24

Which drug is going to be more ionized in any pH?
more acidic or less acidic

Answer 24

more acidic

Question 25

Which drug is going to be more ionized in any pH?
more basic or less basic

Answer 25

more basic (weaker conjugate acid)
*opposite acidic drugs

Question 26

ACID DRUGS
stronger acid
-pKa
-Ka
-equilibrium
-ionization

Answer 26

-lower pKa
-higher Ka
-shifted to right
-more ionized

Question 27

BASIC DRUGS
stronger acid
-pKa
-Ka
-equilibrium
-ionization

Answer 27

-lower pKa
-higher Ka
-shifted to right
-less ionized

Question 28

cationic form

Answer 28

low pH
side A is + and side B is uncharged

Question 29

Zwitterionic form

Answer 29

mid-range pH
side A is + and side B is -

Question 30

anionic form

Answer 30

high pH
side A is uncharged and side B is -

Question 31

more ionized of basic and acid drugs

Answer 31

acidic drug: stronger acid (lower pKa)
basic drug: weaker conj. acid aka stronger base (higher pKa)

Question 32

more non-ionized of acidic and basic drugs

Answer 32

acidic drug: weaker acid (higher pKa)
basic drug: stronger acid (lower pKa)

Question 33

buffer

Answer 33

solution designed to resist changes in pH
consist of weak acid/base along with its conjugate
-ex. bicarbonate, phosphate, albumin, hemoglobin
-small change in pH = significant change occurred

Question 34

amphoteric

Answer 34

acts as an acid or a base
ex. H2O