Exam #1 Flashcards
shaping your health
what are the 3 developmental life stages?
1.) young adult
2.) middle adult
3.) older adult
shaping your health
example of young adult developmental life stages expectations
- forming an initial adult identity
- establishing independence
- assuming responsibility
shaping your health
example of middle adult developmental life stages expectations
- achieving generativity
- reassessing plans of young adulthood
generativity = a concern for people besides self and family that usually develops during middle age
shaping your health
example of older adult developmental life stages expectations
- accepting changes of aging
- maintaining functionality
- establishing sense of integrity
shaping your health
what is the transtheoretical model (TTM)?
the process of behavior changes that happens over time, it shows progress/stages of behavior change
shaping your health
what are the stages of the transtheoretical model (TTM)?
- pre contemplation
- contemplation
- preparing
- action
- maintenance
- termination (sometimes)
shaping your health
explain stages of TTM & their key characteristics
pre contemplation
- not even thinking about change
contemplation
- thinking about change, maybe
preparing
- getting ready for change
action
- doing the change
maintenance
- doing what they need so they can keep up w/ the change
termination (sometimes)
- making the change permanent (not realistic)
shaping your health
what is important to know about the transtheoretical model (TTM)?
transition between stages is possible at any time, you can always go back or go forward
shaping your health
what are some potential barriers to behavior change?
- environment
- feelings
- no social support
shaping your health
what are the 7 dimensions of health?
1.) physical
2.) emotional
3.) social
4.) intellectual
5.) spiritual
6.) occupational
7.) environment
shaping your health
what is the “new definition of health”?
the ability to use and apply intrinsic/extrinsic resources related to each dimension of our holistic makeup to . . .
1.) participating in sustaining role fulfillment
2.) master developmental expectations
3.) experience a sense of well-being in life
shaping your health
what is life course?
the path that people follow through life shaped by developmental tasks/roles that society expects of people at each life stage
managing stress
what is stress?
stress refers to physiological and psychological responses to a significant or unexpected change or disruption in one’s life, it can be brought on by real or imagined factors/events
managing stress
what are the 3 stages of stress?
1.) alarm
2.) resistance
3.) exhausting
managing stress
explain the alarm stage of stress
- when exposed to something as a threat/dangerous
- controlled by hormone/nervous system
- body preparing for challenges
managing stress
explain the resistance stage of stress
- body trying to regain homeostasis
- trained for survival, trying to lower stress
E.X = calming down, not opening up
managing stress
explain the exhaustion stage of stress
- recovering from stress
- moving on, the aftermath of stage 1 & 2
- consequences are left from the stress
- E.X = depression
managing stress
what are some categories of sources of stress w/examples?
1.) academic = balancing work & school
2.) job = insecurity about future, finances
3.) environmental = messy house can affect stress, light, sound, smell, air
managing stress
what are 3 techniques of stress management?
1.) establishing a sleep routine
2.) exercise
3.) relaxation & deep breathing
managing stress
what are some effects of stress?
- cardiovascular problems
- sleep disorders
- anxiety
- cancer
- back pain
managing stress
what is distress?
stress resulting from unpleasant events or conditions
managing stress
what is eustress?
stress resulting from pleasant events or conditions
managing stress
what are 2 types of stress responses?
1.) fight/flight response
2.) chronic response
managing stress
what is the fight/flight stress response?
the physiological response to a stressor that prepares the body for confrontation or avoidance
managing stress
what is the chronic stress response?
remaining in a continued state of physiological arousal for an extended period of time
E.X - high level of arousal is similar to putting your foot on the accelerator of your car while it is in park and not letting up on the gas pedal
psychological wellness
what is psychological health?
how people express their emotions; cope with stress, adversity, and success; and adapt to changes
psychological wellness
what is psychological health associated w/ to help develop & maintain?
self concept, self esteem, emotional intelligence
psychological wellness
what is self concept?
an individual’s internal picture of himself or herself; the way one sees oneself
psychological wellness
what is self esteem?
an individual’s sense of pride, self-respect, value, and worth
psychological wellness
what is emotional intelligence?
the ability to understand others and act wisely in human relations and to measure how well one knows one’s emotions, manages one’s emotions, motivates oneself, recognizes emotions in others, and handles relationships
psychological wellness
what is the Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?
the theory of meeting needs, understanding personality & psychological health
psychological wellness
what are the stages of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? (bottom to top)
physiological needs
safety & security
belonging & love
esteem/needs
self actualization
psychological wellness
describe each stage of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs? (bottom to top)
physiological needs
- food, water, exercise, sleep
safety & security
- protection, stability, peace
belonging & love
- acceptance, affiliation, affection
esteem/needs
- self worth, self esteem, accomplishment
self actualization
- sense of humor, spirituality, creativity
psychological wellness
what are the 3 keys to psychological health?
1.) developing communication skills
2.) cultivating your sense of humor
3.) taking an optimistic approach to life
psychological wellness
name 2 psychological disorders
1.) depression
2.) schizophrenia
psychological wellness
what are treatments for depression?
counseling & medication (antidepressants)
psychological wellness
what are treatments for schizophrenia?
psychotherapy, identifying stressors/triggers
psychological wellness
what is cognitive behavioral therapy?
changing an individual’s cognitive patterns in order to change his or her behavior and emotional state
psychological wellness
what is ADHD?
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
psychological wellness
what are symptoms of ADHD?
- difficulty getting organized
- moody
- easily bored & distracted
psychological wellness
what are some causes of ADHD?
- environmental factors
- different cellular level in energy consumption in the brain
psychological wellness
how is ADHD treated?
- counseling
- coaching to provide strategies, techniques, & structure for daily life
psychological wellness
give an example of less stigmatizing language to replace “alcoholic”
person w/ an alcohol disorder
psychological wellness
what is learned optimism?
an attribution style regarding permanence, pervasiveness, and personalization; how people explain both positive and negative events in their lives, accounting for success and failure
psychological wellness
what are the 3 factors of learned optimism?
1.) permanence
2.) pervasiveness
3.) personalization
psychological wellness
what is permeance?
1st dimension of learned optimism, related to whether certain events are perceived as temporary or long lasting
psychological wellness
what is pervasiveness?
2nd dimension of learned optimism, related to whether events are perceived as specific or general
psychological wellness
what is personalization?
3rd dimension of learned optimism, related to whether an individual takes things personally or is more balanced in accepting responsibility for positive and negative events
