Exam 1 Flashcards
Fat soluble vitamins
A, D, K, E
Water soluble vitamins
Vitamin C and Bs (B1, B2, B3, folic acid/folate, pantothenic acid, B6, biotin, B12, choline)
Functional/nutraceutical foods
Food that either naturally contains or is designed to contain substantial amounts of nutrients beneficial to human health
How to make foods functional
- Taking out potentially harmful substances (like lactose-free milk)
- Increasing beneficial nutrients and non-nutrients (like fiber-fortified cereals)
- Adding new beneficial components (like calcium to orange juice)
What hormone is produced in the hypothalamus
GnRH
What does the hormone GnRH do
Stimulates release of FSH & LH
What hormones does the anterior pituitary produce
FSH and LH
What does the hormone FSH do
Stimulates maturation of ova and sperm
What does the hormone LH do
Stimulates secretion of estrogen, progesterone, testosterone and growth of corpus luteum
Where is estrogen produced
The ovaries
Where is progesterone produced
Ovaries
What is the function of estrogen
- First stimulates then inhibits GnRH during the menstrual cycle
- Stimulates thickening of uterine wall during cycle
What is the role of progesterone
Prepares uterus for fertilized egg and to maintain a pregnancy, stimulates cell division of fertilized egg, and inhibits action of testosterone
Where is testosterone produced and what does it do
The testes; stimulates maturation of male sex organs and sperm and stimulates formation of muscle
Glucose x 2=
Maltose
Fructose + glucose=
Sucrose
Glucose + galactose =
Lactose
Amylose and amylopectin are polymers of which monosaccharide
Glucose
Role of soluble fibers
Slow down digestion
Role of insoluble fibers
Speeds up food transit through GI tract
What does the FODMAP diet exclude
Wheat, barley, rye, fructose, lactose, alcohol, and sugars
Do the testes produce estrogen also
Yes, some
Female fertility =
Can release, fertilize, implant, and nourish ovum
Male fertility =
Good quality sperm (concentration, morphology, and motility)
