exam 1 Flashcards
physical domain
bodies growing and changing
cognitive domain
changes in thinking, memory, problem solving, and other intellectual skills
social/emotional domain
emotional control
define equality
everyone benefits from same support
define equity
everyone gets the support they need
define justice
the cause(s) of the inequality addressed
nature vs nurture
heredity vs environment
critical vs sensitive period
must happen or it wont at all vs better to occur at certain time/in stages
continuous vs discontinuous
gradual vs stages
what is the psychodynamic perspective
believes behavior is motived by inner unconscious forces over which a person has little control
what is the behaviorism/social learning perspective
emphasizes the role of modeling or observational learning in the development of behvaior
what is the cognitive perspective
focuses on how memory changes over time
what is the evolutionary perspective
bronfenbrenner (mesosystem, microsystem, etc)
define random assignment
placing participants into control and experimental groups at random
positive correlation
same direction; 1
negative correlation
different directions; -1
no correlation
no relationships; 0
what is a case study
cant apply to others; tries to get full picture of one individiual
con of a survey
reporter bias
what is a naturalist study
observer effect; only watches and doesn’t interfere
what is a lab study
artificial setting; occurs in lab so not the greatest way to gain accurate unaffected picture
what is a longitudinal study
sample people, different times
what is a cross-sectional study
same time, different people
what is a sequential study
participants are followed over time and participate are all different ages
what is informed consent
permission granted w the knowledge of possible consequences and outcomes
define habituation
an instinct humans possess where we elicit a physiological response based on whether we undertake that we are safe, bored, relaxed
define eye tracking
following and recording eye movement of the eye as it looks at something
define phenotype
directly observable characteristics
define genotype
whats written in our DNA
XX, XY
male, female
what are dizygotic twins
fraternal; produced when 2 separate ova ard fertilized by 2 separate sperm at roughly the same time
what are monozygotic twins
identical, share 100% of DNA
what is epigenetics
the idea we can turn genes on and off
what are x-linked disorders
caused by variants in genes on x chromosome, one of the 2 sex characteristics
down syndrome
an extra chromosome; causes health issues and severe disabilities
define implantation
blastocyst implants into the wall of the uterus
define blastocyst
a fertilized egg that divides into a ball of cells
define placenta
grows in uterus to supply baby w food and oxygen through umbilical cord
what is a doula
birthing coach who is there to advocate for the mom
what is lanugo
fine dark fuzz that covers a newborn and soon disappears
what is vernix
cottage cheese like substance covering baby after birth
what does breech mean
butt; c-section always
problems of being premature
before 37 wks; heart problems, temp control problems, blood problems, gastro problems
problems of being post term
38-41 wks; baby could be too big
problems of low birth weight
trouble staying warm, feeding and gaining weight issues
what is the age of viability
22-26 wks
rates of c-section
~ 37%
infertility rates and causes
sperm: low, slow, or malformed
egg/uterus: lack of ovulation or inability to maintain pregnancy
~ 10% of couples suffer from infertility
what are teratogens
any environmental agent that causes damage during prenatal period
what happens in the embryonic stage
2-8 wks; major organs and body systems grow
what happens in the fetal stage
changes in size and weight; last stage
when does sex development start
5-6 wks in
when can u see the sex of a fetus
18-21 wks through ultrasound
what happens in labor stage 1
begins w regular contractions and ends when cervix is completely dilated
what happens in labor stage 2
episiotomy: an incision sometimes made to increase the opening of vagina to allow baby to pass; say no
what happens in labor stage 3
second birth aka placenta being delievered
