Exam 1 Flashcards
what is the #1 cause of death in children over 1 years of age?
injuries and accidents
neonate ages
0 - 28 days
infant ages
1 month - year
toddler ages
1 year - 3 years
preschooler ages
3 years - 5 years
school age ages
6 years - 12 years
adolescence ages
13 years - 18 years
what is the #1 health problem of childhood?
dental care
define mortality
something that can kill you
define morbidity
means disease
difference between enabling and empowerment
- enabling is current abilities and competencies
- empowerment is interaction that allows the family to maintain or acquire a sense of control
best way to learn about someone’s culture
ASK THEM
what are congenital anomalies?
means that they happen at birth. can be deformations, disruptions, dysplasias, malformations, syndromes, association, or sequences
what is a syndrome?
it is a genetic defect or two or more anomalies
normal chromosome number
23 pairs (46 total)
What is more severe: a deletion of a chromosome or an extra chromosome?
a deletion is more devastating
trisomy 21
down syndrome
trisomy 18
edwards syndrome
trisomy 13
patau syndrome
what population does klinefelter syndrome affect?
males
what population does turner syndrome affect?
females
explain autosomal dominant inheritance
- there is 50 - 50 chance
- 50 affected
- 50 normal
explain autosomal recessive inheritance
- 25% affected
- 50% carriers
- 25% normal
who are the carriers in an x-linked recessive inheritance?
females
the most common delay in children
language delay
what would you be sure to check if you suspect a language delay in a child?
their hearing
when you think of primary prevention what should you say?
it goes into place BEFORE something happens
when you think of secondary prevention what should you say?
it always has to do with SCREENING
if you have a 16 year old that acts like a 5 year old how should you treat them?
like a 5 year old
when you think of tertiary prevention what should you say?
tertiary has to do with TREATMENT
how should timeouts be carried out?
1 minute timeout for each year of age up to the age of 5
how should you reword a question so it is positively toward a child in a hospital?
don’t ask “what CAN’T you do” but rather, “what CAN you do”
the three aspects you can see in a child with autism
- impaired social interaction
- impaired communication
- repeated and stereotyped patterns of behavior ~ “hand flap”
should you be honest with a child if a procedure might hurt?
yes, and say it will hurt just for a little bit
what is considered obese on a growth chart?
above the 90th percentile
what is considered failure to thrive on a growth chart?
under the 5th percentile
what is the order of vital sign measurement in an infant and toddler?
- respirations (before disturbing the child)
- apical HR
- BP
- temperature
if the fontanel is bulging, what should you do?
call 911 this is a medical emergency
what does the fontanel tell you?
hydration, intracranial pressure
how long should you count apical pulse rate on an infant/toddler?
a whole minute