Exam 1 1/29/14 Flashcards
What is the difference between grass hay and alfalfa?
Grass (timothy) hay is leafy green and less than 20% protien. Alfalfa has greater than 20% protien and good for lactating, growing, or working horses
How much hay should you feed a horse?
2% of body weight a day
What is a horses main source of energy?
high cellulose plant material
What type of horses need concentrates?
Growing, working, or lactating horses
How much water do horses need daily?
5-10 gallons
How can you supplement minerals and salt?
loose and block form
Where does fermentation of cellulose in the diet take place?
the cecum
What happens if you change the diet rapidly?
Severe GI upset
What are the four simple shelter requirements for horses?
- strong materials
- well ventilated
- high celings and doors
- free of sharp objects and holes
how large should a horse stall be?
12x12
What is the purpose of stall bedding?
acts as a cushion
what types of fencing are safe?
Boreds, wire (high tension/electrical) no barbed wire
Why rotate pasteurs?
provides lots of feed, helps reduce parasite loads and maintains healthy pasteur growth
what is the minimum height to graze grass to maintain good growth?
4 inches
What are the 3 things that are unique to the vision of horses?
- Eyes are laterally placed
- they have ramped retinas
- they cannot see directly in front or behind them.
What is the flight zone?
The space around the animal that when penetrated the animal moves away.
what is the main way horses communicate with each other?
body language, vocalize to communicate danger. herd animals
What is a normal TPR, CRT, and Rumen contractions in a horse?
T:100-102, P: Adult 30-40 bpm Foul 60-80 bpm, R: 8-10 bpm, CRT: less than 2 sec, Rumen: 1-3 (?)
What are the 5 arteries commonly used for a pulse on a horse?
Facial, Maxillary, Medial, Digital, Medial Coccygeal artery.
Where do you listen for a heart rate?
at left elbow under tricep muscle.
Where do you listen to the quadrants of the GI tract?
In flank
What are borborygmi?
GI sounds
How can you determine which leg is sore?
Front leg: headbob (down on the sound)
Back Leg: dropped hip (down on the sound)
Also: sore leg will have shorter stride, less noisy. if turned tightly they will hop off sore leg
Where does the digestion of protiens, simple carbs, and sugars take place?
Small intestine (?)
