Ex. Phys. Unit 1 Flashcards

1
Q

amenorrhea

A

Complete cessation of menses

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2
Q

deamination

A

Removal of an amine from a molecule

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3
Q

endogenous cholesterol

A

Cholesterol synthesized within the body

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4
Q

exogenous cholesterol

A

Cholesterol obtained through food intake

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5
Q

free radical

A

Chemically reactive molecule with at least one unpaired electron in its outer shell

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6
Q

glucagon

A

Hormone secreted by the pancreas that increases blood glucose levels

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7
Q

glucogenesis

A

The process of glycogen synthesis

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8
Q

gluconeogenesis

A

Metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose

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9
Q

glycogenolysis

A

Breakdown of glycogen to glucose

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10
Q

glycemic index

A

How quickly blood glucose levels rise when consuming a certain food

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11
Q

electrolyte

A

Electrically charged ion particles that dissolve in the body

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12
Q

hypoglycemia

A

Abnormally low blood glucose

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13
Q

hyponatremia

A

Low sodium in the body

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14
Q

insulin

A

Hormone that allows the body to take in blood glucose

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15
Q

lipid peroxidation

A

Process when free radicals steal electrons from lipids

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16
Q

lipoprotein

A

Lipids that bind to protein for lipid transport

17
Q

osteoporosis

A

Bones become porous and brittle

18
Q

oxidative stress

A

Cellular damage due to free radicals

19
Q

transamination

A

Intramuscular synthesis of amino acids from non-protein sources

20
Q

trans unsaturated fatty acid

A

Bad fat that is derived from hydrogenating unsaturated oils

21
Q

android obesity

A

Regional fat distribution in the central part of the body (Males)

22
Q

essential fat

A

Fat contained in the organs, muscle, and bone that the body needs

23
Q

storage fat

A

Fat deposited in adipose tissue

24
Q

gynoid obesity

A

Regional fat distribution in the lower part of the body (Females)

25
fat cell hyperplasia
Increasing the total number of fat cells
26
fat cell hypertrophy
Filling of existing fat cells with more fat
27
leptin
Protein hormone that regulates energy intake and expenditure
28
visceral fat
Fat contained around internal organs