Ex. Phys. Unit 1 Flashcards
amenorrhea
Complete cessation of menses
deamination
Removal of an amine from a molecule
endogenous cholesterol
Cholesterol synthesized within the body
exogenous cholesterol
Cholesterol obtained through food intake
free radical
Chemically reactive molecule with at least one unpaired electron in its outer shell
glucagon
Hormone secreted by the pancreas that increases blood glucose levels
glucogenesis
The process of glycogen synthesis
gluconeogenesis
Metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose
glycogenolysis
Breakdown of glycogen to glucose
glycemic index
How quickly blood glucose levels rise when consuming a certain food
electrolyte
Electrically charged ion particles that dissolve in the body
hypoglycemia
Abnormally low blood glucose
hyponatremia
Low sodium in the body
insulin
Hormone that allows the body to take in blood glucose
lipid peroxidation
Process when free radicals steal electrons from lipids
lipoprotein
Lipids that bind to protein for lipid transport
osteoporosis
Bones become porous and brittle
oxidative stress
Cellular damage due to free radicals
transamination
Intramuscular synthesis of amino acids from non-protein sources
trans unsaturated fatty acid
Bad fat that is derived from hydrogenating unsaturated oils
android obesity
Regional fat distribution in the central part of the body (Males)
essential fat
Fat contained in the organs, muscle, and bone that the body needs
storage fat
Fat deposited in adipose tissue
gynoid obesity
Regional fat distribution in the lower part of the body (Females)
fat cell hyperplasia
Increasing the total number of fat cells
fat cell hypertrophy
Filling of existing fat cells with more fat
leptin
Protein hormone that regulates energy intake and expenditure
visceral fat
Fat contained around internal organs
