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PHA6126 LAB Pharmacology 2 > EX 6 GI Drugs > Flashcards

EX 6 GI Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

control of GIT functions

A
  1. nervous control
  2. hormonal control
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2
Q

extrinsic (autonomic)

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

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3
Q

intrinsic (ENS)

A
  1. submucosal or meissner’s plexus
  2. myenteric or auerbach’s plexus
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4
Q

hormonal control

A

gastrin, cholecystokinin, secretin

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5
Q

stimulate acid secretion

A

acetylcholine, histamine, gastrin

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6
Q

inhibit acid secretion

A

somatostatin

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7
Q

physical barrier between lumen and epithelium

A

mucus (mucous neck cell)

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8
Q

buffers gastric acid to prevent epithelial damage

A

bicarbonate

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9
Q

activates pepsin; kills bacteria

A

gastric acid (HCl; parietal cell)

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10
Q

vit b12 absorption

A

intrinsic factor

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11
Q

stimulates gastric acid secretion

A

histamine (enterochromaffin-like cell)

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12
Q

protein digestion

A

pepsin (chief cell)

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13
Q

fat digestion

A

gastric lipase

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14
Q

stimulates gastric acid secretion

A

gastrin (antral G cells)

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15
Q

inhibits gastric acid secretion

A

somatostatin (antral D cells)

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16
Q

mice strain used for GI experiment proper

A

swiss mice

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17
Q

drug, dose, and volume used for GI experiment proper

A
  1. atropine 5 mcg/kg
  2. neostigmine 0.02 mg/kg
  3. 2% activated charcoal 0.03-0.5 mL/20 g
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18
Q

PI control

A

negative control

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19
Q

PI test

A

atropine and neostigmine

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20
Q

tertiary amine belladonna alkaloid

A

atropine

21
Q

cholinergic antagonist

A

atropine

22
Q

atropine competes with ___________ at the muscarinic receptors causing _____________ of cholinergic effects; _______________ GI motility

A

Ach; blockade; decrease

23
Q

atropine is reversible or ____________

A

surmountable

24
Q

therapeutically used as antispasmodics

A

atropine, dicyclomine, n-hyoscine-butylbromide

25
Q

indirectly acting cholinergic agonist (acetylcholinesterase inhibitor)

A

neostigmine

26
Q

neostigmine

carbamate esters by binding with _____________________ –> increasing Ach at the synaptic cleft –> increasing cholinergic effects –> ______________ GI motility

A

acetylcholinesterase; increasing

27
Q

selective anticholinergic with antispasmodic activity

A

dicyclomine

28
Q

inhibit muscarinic cholinergic receptors

A

dicyclomine and n-hyoscine-butylbromide

29
Q

direct smooth muscle relaxant

A

dicyclomine

30
Q

dicyclomine has _________________ on gastric acid secretion

A

no effect

31
Q

dicyclomine synonym

A

dicycloverine

32
Q

n-hyoscine-butylbromide synonym

A

scopolamine butylbromide

33
Q

antidiarrheal agents

A
  1. opioid agonist
  2. kaopectate
  3. bile salt binding resins
  4. somatostatin, octreotide
34
Q

opioid agonists (O-LD)

A

loperamide, diphenoxylate

35
Q

inhibition of presynaptic cholinergic nerves

A

opioid agonist - loperamide, diphenoxylate

36
Q

treatment of diarrhea

A

opioid agonist - loperamide, diphenoxylate

37
Q

hydrated magnesium silicate or attapulgite

A

kaolin

38
Q

indigestible carbohydrate derived from apples

A

pectin

39
Q

kaolin + pectin

A

kaopectate

40
Q

adsorbent of bacteria, toxins and fluid

A

kaopectate

41
Q

decrease stool liquidity

A

kaopectate

42
Q

examples of bile salt binding resins

A

cholestyramine, colestipol

43
Q

adsorbs bile salt

A

bile salt binding resins

44
Q

bile salt binding resins are used to treat diarrhea caused by ____________________ and bile salts

A

C. difficile

45
Q

regulatory peptide slows GI motility and intestinal fluid secretion

A

somatostatin, octreotide

46
Q

effective for diarrhea due to vagotomy and short bowel syndrome

A

Somatostatin, octreotide

47
Q

agents that reduce gastric acidity

A
  1. antacids
  2. H2-receptor antagonist
  3. PPis
48
Q

mucosal protective agents

A
  1. sucralfate
  2. prostaglandin (Misoprostol)
49
Q

laxatives

A

bulk, osmotic, stool softener, cathartc

PHA6126 LAB Pharmacology 2 (3 decks)

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