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A&P2 Lab Quizes > Ex. 29 Blood and Body Systems Overview > Flashcards

Ex. 29 Blood and Body Systems Overview Flashcards

1
Q

15% of total body weight and has a composition similar to plasma.

A

Interstitial Fluid

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2
Q

carries blood away from the heart

A

Artery

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3
Q

site of exchange

A

capillary

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4
Q

carries blood twards the heart

A

vein

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5
Q

Bline ended capillaries absorb axcess fluid and recycle it into large veins.

A

Lymphatic circulation

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6
Q

Largest veins

A

Superior and inferior venea cavae

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7
Q

Pulmonary arteries contain blood with ________ levels of O2 and ________ levels of CO2?

A

low levels of O2 and high levels of CO2.

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8
Q

the largest artery

A

Aorta

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9
Q

deliver blood to the myocardium (heart muscle)

A

coronary arteries

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10
Q

Name the 3 structures in the systemic circulation:

A
  1. carotid arteries
  2. baroreceptors
  3. chemoreceptors
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11
Q

baroreceptors detect change in _________?

A

blood pressure

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12
Q

chemoreceptors detect change in ______?

A

pH

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13
Q

What is the center for temporature and water balance, autonomics?

A

Hypothalamus

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14
Q

What 2 dirrect acting hormones are secreated by the hypothalmus?

A
  1. ADH
  2. oxytocin
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15
Q

HHPS

A

Hypothalamic Hypophyseal Portal System

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16
Q

capillary-vein-capillary describes what kind of system?

A

protal system

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17
Q

The hypothalmous secreats releasing and inhibiting hormones that affect __________?

A

anterior pituitary

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18
Q

The Anterior Pituitary Gland is also called the _____________?

A

Adenohypothysis

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19
Q

Name the 7 hormones released by the anterior pituitary:

A

FLAT PEG

  1. FSH
  2. LH
  3. ACTH
  4. TSH
  5. PRL
  6. Endorphins
  7. GH
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20
Q

List the 3 structures that blood must pass through to travel from the brain to the heart:

A
  1. Dural Sinuses
  2. Jugular veins
  3. Superior Vena Cava
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21
Q

The ______ artery leads to the liver?

A

hepatic artery

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22
Q

What is a sinusoid and where is it most often found?

A

A leaky blood capillary that is irregulary shaped. Most often found in the liver.

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23
Q

Known as the “mixed gland” this gland has both endocrine and exocrine functions?

A

pancreas

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24
Q

What is the exocrine function of the pancreas?

A

secretion of digestive enzymens and sodium bicarbonate into the pancreatic duct that opens into the small intestine.

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25
Q

What is the endocrine function of the pancreas?

A

secreates the hormones glucagon and insulin into the pancreatic vein via the HPV

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26
Q

HPV

A

Hepatic Portal Vein

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27
Q

Name 2 functions of the arteries leading to the GI tract:

A
  1. digestion
  2. absorption
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28
Q

Name the artery leading to the spleen?

A

Splenic artery

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29
Q

Name 2 functions of the spleen:

A
  1. produces macrophages and lymphocytes for defence
  2. recyles old RBCs
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30
Q

Name the 2 components of heme:

A
  1. Fe2+
  2. bilirubin
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31
Q

globin is made up of what?

A

protein

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32
Q

the splenic vein leads to the _______ vein?

A

Hepatic Portal Vein (HPV)

33
Q

The Hepatic Protal Vein (HPV) leads to what organ?

A

The liver.

34
Q

Name 7 functions of the liver:

A
  1. Processes glucose into glycogen
  2. Prodeces plasma proteins like albumen
  3. stores fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K
  4. produces bile (bilirubin and cholesterol
  5. stores Fe2+
  6. contians macrophages
  7. detoxifies drugs and alcohol
35
Q

Drains bile from liver into the gall bladder?

A

Hepatic Duct

36
Q

Drains bile from the gall bladder?

A

Cystic duct

37
Q

the cystic and hepaic duct combine to form the __________ duct?

A

common bile duct.

38
Q

The common bile duct carries digestive enzymes from the _______ and bile form the _______ to the small intestine?

A

enzymes from the pancreas and bile from the liver to the small intestine.

39
Q

Cleansed and nutrient-rich blood is drained from the liver by the __________ vein?

A

hepatic vein.

40
Q

The ______ arteries supply the kidneys?

A

renal arteries.

41
Q

Name 3 functions of the kidneys:

A
  1. Urine formmation
  2. Blood pressure regulation
  3. Production of Erythropoietin (hormone)
42
Q

Endocrine organs produce and release ___________?

A

hormones

43
Q

Spungy bone produces ________ & ________.

A

Ca2+ & red blood cells.

44
Q

Name the 3 waste products from muscle metabolism:

A
  1. CO2
  2. heat
  3. lactic acid
45
Q

What 2 hormones affect the reproductive organs?

A
  1. FSH
  2. LH
46
Q

Name 3 hormones produced by the reproductive organs:

A
  1. estrogen
  2. progesterone
  3. testosterone
47
Q

What system regulates periferal circulartion to the skin and what is its purpous?

A

Periferal nervous system regulates periferal circulation inorder to regulate body temporature.

48
Q

Name 3 finctions of the blood supply to the lymphatic organs:

A
  1. defence
  • phagocytosis
  • production of antibodies
49
Q

Name 2 functions of lymphatic circulation through lymph nodes:

A
  1. filters and destroys pathogens
  2. recycles excess fluids into blood circulation
50
Q

Blood is considered_______ tissue?

A

connective tissue.

51
Q

connetive tissue consists of what 2 elements?

A
  1. Cells
  2. Matrix
52
Q

matrix in the blood is also known as what?

A

blood plasma

53
Q

blood plasma is composed of what 6 elements?

A
  1. water
  2. electrolytes
  3. proteins
  4. hormones
  5. antibodies
  6. nutrients
54
Q

Name the 3 types of cells found in blood:

A
  1. WBC - lukocytes
  2. RBC - erithrocytes
  3. platelets
55
Q

What is the normal RBC content per mm3 ?

A

4-6 million cells / mm3

56
Q

What is the function of RBC?

A

to carrie O2

57
Q

What are the normal ranges for Hemoglobin (Hb) in men and women respectively?

A

Men: 14-18gm / 100ml

Women: 12-16gm / 100ml

58
Q

What is the function of platets?

A

clotting

59
Q

What is the normal blood platelet range?

A

150,000 - 450,000 platelets / mm3

60
Q

What is the function of WBC?

A

defense

61
Q

What is the normal range of WBC in the blood?

A

4000 - 11,000 cells / mm3

62
Q

Name 2 types of WBC:

A
  1. Granulocytes
  2. Agranulocytes
63
Q

What is this?

A

Basophil

64
Q

What is this?

A

Eosinophil

65
Q

What is this?

A

Lymphocyte

66
Q

What is this?

A

Monocyte

67
Q

What is this?

A

Neutrophil

68
Q

Name 3 charictoristics of Granulocytes:

A
  1. phogocytes
  2. cytoplasmic granules
  3. lobed nuclei
69
Q

Name 2 charictoristics of agranulocytes:

A
  1. no granulocytes
  2. sperical or kidney-shaped nuclei
70
Q

Name the 5 types of WBC and their percent WBC content:

A
  1. Neutrophils 40-70%
  2. Lymphocytes 20-45%
  3. Monocytes 4-8%
  4. Eosinophils 1-4%
  5. Basophils 0.5%
71
Q

Name 2 types of agranulocytes and their functions:

A
  1. Lymphocytes - produce antibodies
  2. Monocytes - are precurors to macrophages
72
Q

Blood typing tests for _______ on the surface of RBCs?

A

antigens

73
Q

Name the 4 major blood types and their respective antigen and antibody(s) if any.

A
  1. Type A, A antigen, Anti-B antibody
  2. Type B, B antigen, Anti-A antibody
  3. TypeAB, A and B antigen, NO antibodies! (univeral recipiant)
  4. Type O, neither A nor B antigens, Anti-A & Anti-B antibodies! (univeral donor)
74
Q

D antigen present is called _______?

A

Rh+

75
Q

D antigen NOT present is called ______?

A

Rh-

76
Q

Anti-D antibody is not naturally produced. How is Anti-D antibody production occure?

A

Rh- blood must be exsposed to Rh+ blood. This often occures at child birth.

77
Q

What is hematocrite a reading of, and what are normal percentages in men and woman respectively?

A

Hematocrite is the percent of RBC in total blood volume.

In men 42-50% is normal.

In women 35-45% is normal.

78
Q

What is hemoglobin content a reading of, and what are normal values for men and woman respectivly?

A

Hemoglobin is the iorn containing protein within the blood responcible for carrying O2.

Normal amounts are:

Men 13-18 gm/mL blood

Women 12-16 gm/mL blood

79
Q

What is the corrilation between hemoglobin and hematocrite?

A

Normally the hematocrite (%) should = 3 x hemoglobin (gm/mL)

A&P2 Lab Quizes (9 decks)

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