Cardiovascular System

Question 1

Name the 2 layers of the fibrous pericardium:

Answer 1

1. Fibrous
2. Parietal periocardium

Question 2

A covering of the heart composed of dense connective tissue, composes the outermost layer of the fibrous pericardium, and attaches to the diaphragm?

Answer 2

Fibrous layer

Question 3

A heart covering composed of a serous membrane and lines the fibrous sac?

Answer 3

Parietal pericardium

Question 4

Name three layers of the heart:

Answer 4

1. Epicardium (AKA visceral pericardium)
2. Myocardium
3. Endocardium

Question 5

The ___________ is the serous membrain that covers the surface of the heart?

Answer 5

Epicardium

Question 6

_________ is the thick cardia muscle?

Answer 6

Myocardium

Question 7

__________ is the serous inner lining of the heart?

Answer 7

Endocardium

Question 8

_______ are the upper recieving chambers of the heart?

Answer 8

Atria

Question 9

_______ are the lower pumping chambers of the heart?

Answer 9

ventricles

Question 10

What is the purpouse of valves in the heart?

Answer 10

To prevent backflow.

Question 11

Name the 4 valves in the heart in the order in which blood flows through them:

Answer 11

1. Right Atrioventricular (AV) valve
2. Tricuspid valve
3. Left Atrioventricular (AV) valve
4. Bicuspid (mitral) valve

Question 12

___________ are fibrous cords that attach AV valves to papillary muscle.

Answer 12

Chordae Tendinae

Question 13

The Chordae tendinae attach to what muscle?

Answer 13

papillary muscle

Question 14

Name the 2 semilunar valves that seporate the ventricles from the arteries:

Answer 14

1. Pulmonary Semilunar valve
2. Aortic Semilunar Valve

Question 15

Name the 3 types of blood vessels:

Answer 15

1. Arteries
2. Veins
3. Capillaries

Question 16

Name the 4 charictoristics of Arteries:

Answer 16

1. carry blood away from the heart
2. contain blood having low CO2 and high O2
3. contain blood under high pressure
4. thick tunica media

Question 17

Name 7 charictoristics of veins:

Answer 17

1. carry blood twards the heart
2. contain blood having high CO2 and low O2
3. contain blood under low pressure
4. are large in diameter
5. have a thin tunica media
6. rely on a skeletal muscle pump
7. have valves that prevent backflow

Question 18

Name 2 charictoristics of capillaries:

Answer 18

1. thin walled - single celled endothelium
2. site of exchange

Question 19

Name the 3 tunics of blood vessels:

Answer 19

1. Tunica Intima (Interna)
2. Tunica Media
3. Tunica Externa (Adventitia)

Question 20

Name 3 charictoristics of the Tunica Intima:

Answer 20

1. innermost layer
2. smooth thin endothelium
3. prevent resistance

Question 21

Name 3 charictoristics of Tunica Media:

Answer 21

1. middle layer of the blood vessel
2. smooth muscle and elactic tissue
3. controls diameter of the blood vessel

Question 22

Name 3 charictoristics of the tunica externa:

Answer 22

1. outermost, connective tissue
2. provides support

Question 23

____________ is a network of connecting blood vessels that provides alternate pathways for continuous blood flow to an area?

Answer 23

Anastamosis

Question 24

Circlulation system that suplies blood to the brain?

Answer 24

Circle of Wilis

Question 25

______ supplyies blood to the myocardium?

Answer 25

Coronary circulation

Question 26

_______ supplies blood to the abdominal / viseral cavity?

Answer 26

Hepatic Portal System

Question 27

Name 2 structures that are unique to fetal circulation:

Answer 27

1. Foramen oval
2. Ductus Arteriosus