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A&P2 Lab Quizes > Digestive System > Flashcards

Digestive System Flashcards

1
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10
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11
Q

What are the 3 processes of digestion?

A
  1. Mechanical digestion
  2. Chemical digestion
  3. Absorption
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12
Q

What are the 2 orgainizational parts to the digestive system?

A
  1. Alimentary Canal - mouth through anus
  2. Accessory organs - organs that secrete into the Alimentary canal
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13
Q

Name the 4 layers of the GI Tract wall:

A
  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis Externa
  4. Serosa
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14
Q

Name the 3 layers within the Mucosa:

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Muscularis mucosa
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15
Q

Name 4 things / structures that the Submucosa contains:

A
  1. blood
  2. nerves
  3. glands
  4. lymph nodes
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16
Q

Name the two smooth muscle layers in found in the Muscularis Externa:

A
  1. Circular layer
  2. Longitudinal Layer
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17
Q

Name the two serous membranes that cover and connect the organs:

A
  1. Parietal peritoneum
  2. Viseral peritoneum
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18
Q

Name the function of the Greater Omentum.

A

Connects the stomach to the transverse colon

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19
Q

Name the function of the Lesser Omentum.

A

Connects the small intestine to the posterior body wall

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20
Q

Name the function of the Transverse Mesocolon.

A

Connects the transverse colon to the body wall.

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21
Q

Name 2 function of the mouth:

A
  1. mechanical digestion
  2. chemical dgestion
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22
Q

What type of cells are found in the mouth?

A

Stratified Squamous epithealium

23
Q

Name the type of cells found in the Pharynx and Esophagus.

A

Stratified squamous epithelium

24
Q

Name 2 function of the stomach:

A
  1. chemical digestion of proteins
  2. mechanical mixing
25
Q

Name 5 structures / cell types found in the stomach:

A
  1. simple columnar epithelium
  2. Chief cells
  3. Parietal cells
  4. Muscularis externa
  5. Rugae
26
Q

What is the function of Chief cells?

A

secretion of Pepsinogen

27
Q

What is the function of Parietal cells?

A

Secretion of HCl

28
Q

What is the name of the additional layer of muscle that the muscularis externa has in the stomach?

A

oblique layer

29
Q

Folds that allow for exspansion of the stomach are called?

A

Rugae

30
Q

Name the 3 section of the small intestine:

A
  1. Duodenum
  2. jejunum
  3. ileum
31
Q

What are the 2 function of the small intestine?

A
  1. digestion
  2. absorption
32
Q

What Name 6 unique cell types / structures found in the small intestine:

A
  1. simple columnar epithealium
  2. plicae circulares
  3. villi
  4. microvilli
  5. Brunner’s glands
  6. Peyer’s patches
33
Q

What is the function of Plicae circulares, villi, and microvilli in the small intestine?

A

They increase the absorptive surface area in the lumen.

34
Q

Brunner’s glands secrete ____________.

A

an alkaline mucus that protects the cells in the small intestine from the acid of the stomach.

35
Q

Peyer’s patches contain what that do what?

A

Lymphocytes for defence

36
Q

Name 2 functions of the large intestine:

A
  1. absorption of water
  2. production of vitamin B and K
37
Q

Name the structures in order starting with the entry of the small small intestine and ending with the anus.

A

cecum, appendix, ascending, transverse, decending, sigmoid colon, rectum, anus

38
Q

What type of cells make up the epithelial surface of the large intestine?

A

simple columnar epithelium

39
Q

What muscle that attaches to the large intestine causes it to form pockets?

A

tenia coli

40
Q

What are the pockets in the large intestine called?

A

haustra

41
Q

What is the dental formula for deciduous teeth?

A

2 incisors, 1 canine, 0 premolars, 2 molars

/

2 incisors, 1 canine, 0 premolars, 2 molars

X

2

=

20 teeth

42
Q

What is the dental formula for permanent teeth?

A

2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars

/

2 incisors, 1 canine, 2 premolars, 3 molars

X

2

=

32 teeth

43
Q

Name the 3 salivary glands found int he mouth:

A
  1. Parotid
  2. Submandibular
  3. Sublingual
44
Q

What is the function of mucus cells?

A

secretion of lubricent for food.

45
Q

What is the function of serous cells?

A

Secretion of salivary amylase

46
Q

What is the function of the liver?

A

Production of bile

47
Q

Name the 3 structures located in the protal triad:

A
  1. Hipatic portal vein
  2. Hipatic Artery
  3. Bile duct
48
Q

Name 3 structures found within the liver lobule:

A
  1. central vein
  2. sinusoids
  3. kupffer cells
49
Q

What is the function of Kupffer cells?

A

contain / produces macrophages within the sinusoids.

50
Q

What is the function of the Gall Bladder?

A

Stores bile

51
Q

What is another term for the panreas

A

the “mixed gland”

52
Q

Name 2 cell types found in the Pancreas:

A
  1. Acini
  2. Islets of Langerhans
53
Q

Name 2 substances that Acini cells secrete:

A
  1. digestive enzymes
  2. bicarbonate ions
54
Q

Name 2 substances that the Islets of Langerhans secrete:

A
  1. Insulin
  2. Glucagon

A&P2 Lab Quizes (9 decks)

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